nervous system
The glial cells responsible for maintaining the blood brain barrier are the
Astrocytes
The largest and most numerous of the glial cells in the CNS are the
Astrocytes
Synaptic knobs occur at ends of
Axons
The ion needed to initiate the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft is
Calcium
Which type of synapse dominates the nervous system
Chemical synapse
Branches that sometimes occur along the length of an axon are called
Collaterals
The cytoplasmic extensions and soma provide the main receptive surfaces for neurons are the
Dendrites
Opening of sodium channels in the membrane of a neuron results in
Depolarization
At the normal resting potential of a typical neuron the ion exchange pump
Exchanges 3 intracellular Na+ for 2 extracellular K+
A neuron that is excited to sub-threshold is said to be
Facilitated -ready to send action potential
Salutatory conduction
Faster than conduction on an unmyelinated axon
Small phagocytic cells that are specially obvious in damaged tissue in the CNS
Microglia
Most neurons in the brain are
Multipolar
Neurons that have several dendrites and a single axon extending away from the soma are called
Multipolar
Cell responsible for info processing and transfer
Neurons
How would a toxin that blocks the sodium channels form opening effect the neuron?
Neurons would not be able to propagate action potentials
Collection of ribosomes in neurons are referred to as
Nissl bodies
Adrenergic synapses release the neurotransmitter
Noreplnephrine
When a neuron is at rest which ion passes through its membrane most easily
Potassium
The polarization of a nerve fiber refers to having the
Potassium ions inside the cell and sodium outside the cell
What is the function of the Motor System
Sending signals to muscles
Info received by the brain is called
Sensation
The neurilemma of axons in the peripheral nervous system is formed by the
Shwann cells
Neurotransmitters are released from the
Synaptic terminals/knobs
Interneurons
are found only in the central nervous system-receive information and help send out impulse
The region of the brain that is involved in the conscious thought and intellectual function is the
cerebrum
A neural cortex is found on the surface of the
cerebrum and cerebellum
Major centers concerned with autonomic control of breathing
heart rate, and ect are located where, in the medulla oblongata
Most neurons lack centrioles this observation explains
why they cannot regenerate
The 3 general functions of nervous system are
sensory & motor & integrative
The specialized membranes that protect the spinal cord are termed
spinal meninges
The cortex inferior to the lateral sulcus is the
temporal lobe
If a resting potential becomes more negative
the cell, Hyperpolarizes
Overseeing the postural muscles maintain balance and equilibrium are functions of
the cerebellum
What acts as a relay center for integration of conscious/unconscious sensory and motor pathways
the diencephalon
The cerebral hemispheres are separated by
the longitudinal fissure
The visual cortex is located where
the occipital lobe
The pia mater is the payer of the meninges that is in direct contact with what
the surface of the brain
Diffusion across the arachnoid villi returns excess CSF to
venous circulation
Masses of myelinated nerve fibers appear what color
white
if the sodium potassium pumps in the plasma membrane fail to function
Action potential wont go & extracellular concentration will increase
Neurons normally derive ATP solely through
Aerobic respiration - presence of oxygen
The par of the PNS that brings info to the CNS
Afferent division
Neurons that have on axon and one dendrite with the soma between them are called
Bipolar
The most rapid action potentials are conducted on
Thick myelinated axons
Regions of the nervous system are dominated by myelinated axons constitute
White matter
The white matter of the cerebellum forms what
arbor vitae
Regions of the brain that are involved in interpreting data or coordinating motor responses are what
association areas
Brain waves found on an EEG during times of stress or tension are
beta waves
The diencephalon links the cerebral hemispheres with what
brain stem
The highest levels of information processing occur in the
cerebrum
The part of the brain that functions to control skeletal muscles is the
cerebrum
The epithalamus contains what
chorois plexus and pineal gland
The primary connection between cerebral hemispheres is the
corpus callosum
Which ventricle is associated with the pons and upper medulla
fourth
Stimulation of the reticular formation results in
increases consciousness
Which is of the following is a function of neurons
information processing
If a person cannot move their right arm then the stroke damaged what
left frontal lobe
Division of the cerebral hemispheres that are named after the overlying skull bone are called
lobes
If Brocas area is damaged what happens
loss of ability to speak
The myelin sheaths that surround the axons of some of the neurons in the CNS are formed by
oligodendrocytes
Cerebellum functions for the
postural reflexes