Neural Tissue Guided Reading 2

The structural classification of a neuron is based upon ________. A) the size of the dendrites B) the number of axons C) the number of processes that project from the cell body D) the type of chemical neurotransmitter it secretes E) the overall size of the cell

The number of processes tha project from the cell body

Because a neuron loses its centrioles during differentiation, ________. A) it is rendered incapable of dividing B) it cannot grow as quickly as neurons that retain their centrioles C) it loses its normal ability to produce a myelin sheath D) it is probably located in the PNS

It is rendered incapable of dividing

If the CNS were susceptible to a drug that should not affect it, this might indicate damage to which of the following cells? A) microglia B) Schwann cells C) satellite cells D) astrocytes

Astrocytes

Cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands are regulated by the ________. A) somatic nervous system B) parasympathetic division C) sympathetic division D) central nervous system E) autonomic nervous system

Autonomic nervous system

The portion of a neuron that carries information in the form of a nerve impulse (action potential) is called the ________. A) soma B) Nissl body C) axon D) dendrite E) myelin

Axon

The area in a multipolar neuron that connects the cell body to the initial segment of the axon is called the ________. A) neurofibril B) Nissl body C) axoplasm D) initial segment E) axon hillock

Axon hillock

Movement of nutrients, waste products, and organelles between the cell body and the synaptic terminals is a process called ________. A) axonal transport B) axoplasmic transport C) osmosis D) diffusion E) neuroskeletal contraction

Axoplasmic transport

The central nervous system (CNS) includes the ________. A) brain only B) spinal cord only C) nerves only D) brain and spinal cord E) nerves and muscles

brain and spinal cord

Functions of the nervous system include which of the following? A) seat of higher functions, such as intelligence, memory, learning, and emotions B) receives sensory input; coordinates sensory input and motor output C) regulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular activities D) integrating and processing data E) All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct

The anatomical subdivisions of the nervous system are (the) ________. A) central and peripheral nervous systems B) dorsal and ventral nervous systems C) appendicular and axial nervous systems D) autonomic and somatic nervous systems E) None of the answers are correct.

Central and peripheral

Muscle cells, gland cells, and specialized cells that respond to neural stimuli are called ________. A) receptors B) reflexes C) effectors D) axons E) dendrites

Effectors

Which of the following are most closely involved with somatic sensory neurons? A) visceral sensory neurons B) bipolar neurons C) interoceptors D) proprioceptors E) exteroceptors

Exteroceptors

In the process known as Wallerian degeneration ________. A) the axon proximal to the injury deteriorates B) macrophages phagocytize the debris of damaged axons C) Schwann cells completely degenerate D) no trace is left of the path of the original axon that was damaged E) All of the answers are correct.

Macrophages phagocytize the dermis of damaged axons

A biopsy of infected or injured tissue from the CNS will most likely show an elevated number of ________. A) ependymal cells- line central cavities of brain and spinal cord, moves CSF via cilia B) oligodendrocytes- myelin sheath C) satellite cells- surround cell body of PNS neuron. Similar to astrocytes in CNS. D) microglia- monitor health of neurons, microglia migrate to damaged or infected, special type of macrophage. E) interneurons

Microglia - monitor health of neurons ...

If the point of an extremely small probe were passed into a satellite cell, it would be located in which region of the nervous system? A) near a cell body in a ganglion of the PNS B) near the axon of a neuron in the CNS C) near the lining of the ventricles of the brain D) at a neuromuscular synapse E) None of the answers are correct.

Near a cell bendy in a ganglion of the PNS

Axons connecting the ganglion cells with the peripheral effectors are called ________. A) postganglionic fibers B) ganglionic fibers C) preganglionic fibers D) efferent fibers E) afferent fibers

Postgaglionic fibers

Functions of the peripheral nervous system include ________. A) providing sensory information to the CNS only B) making higher order decisions to interpret sensory inputs C) carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems only D) carrying information up and down the spinal cord E) providing sensory information to the CNS and carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems

Proving sensory information to the CNS and carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems

The functional classifications of neurons include ________, which carry information toward the CNS. A) sensory neurons- (afferent)- transmit from sensory receptors to CNS B) interneurons- lie between motor and sensory, shuttle signals through integration pathways C) motor neurons- efferent- carry impulses away from CNS to effector organs. D) axoplasmic neurons E) All of the answers are correct.

Sensory neurons...

Which of the following structures do not contribute to the coarse grainy appearance of the perikaryon of a neuron? A) mitochondria B) free and fixed ribosomes C) rough endoplasmic reticulum D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum E) All of the answers are correct.

Smooth ER

Receptors may be classified as ________. A) effectors and muscles B) somatic and visceral C) glands and muscles D) voluntary and involuntary E) subconscious and conscious

Somatic and visceral

Injured neurons can fully recover their functional capabilities if ________. A) the oxygen and nutrient supplies are restored within a period of a few minutes B) the cause of the damage is removed within a period of weeks C) the cells can divide enough times to replace those that are lost D) All of the answers are correct. E) None of the answers are correct.

The oxygen an nutrient supplies are restored within a period of a few minutes

Involuntary cardiac muscle fibers of the heart are innervated by ________. A) sensoriganglionic fibers B) preganglionic fibers C) somatic motor fibers D) visceral motor fibers E) All of the answers are correct.

Visceral motor fibers