Neuro Pharm
The patient who requires the LEAST cautionary measures when treated with carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet) is:
- 43-year-old woman with hypothyroidism
After initiation of 300 mg serum phenytoin (Dilantin), daily levels should be check approximately:
- 7 days
To be of greatest benefit, corticosteroids in the treatment of Bell's palsy should be initiated within:
- 72 hours of symptom onset
Donepezil (Aricept), a cholinesterase inhibitor, is indicated in the treatment of:
- Alzheiner's Type dementia
The brand name of phenytoin sodium is:
- Dilantin
The generic name for Depakote is:
- Divalproex sodium
Which of the following medications is NOT a serotonin 5-HT1 receptor agonist?
- Fioricet
Which medication may be beneficial in the treatment of restless leg syndrome (RLS)?
- Gabapentin (Neurontin)
The brand name for levetiracetam is:
- Keppra
Which of the following medications is an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist for the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer's type?
- Memantine (Namenda)
Amantadine, an antiviral agent and an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, is indicated in the treatment of:
- Parkinsonism
The brand name for carbamazepine is:
- Tegretol
Which medication is approved for prophylactic treatment of migraine headaches?
- Topiramate (Topamax)
The brand name of oxcarbazepine is:
- Trileptal
Divalproex sodium (Depakote) for the treatment of epilepsy can be safely administered to:
- a 33-year-old woman with partial epilepsy who is breastfeeding
Medications with significant anticholinergic properties, such as amatadine (Symmetrel) to treat Parkinson's disease, block which neurotransmitter?
- acetylcholine
A medication used in a patient with a transient ischemic attack to prevent platelet aggregation and produce an anti-inflammatory effect in vessels by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis is:
- acetylsalicylic acid
The LEAST important goal of pharmacologic therapy in the treatment of epilepsy is to:
- achieve seizure-free status
Following an acute overdose of acetaminophen (Tylenol), patients who are at significant risk for hepatotoxicity should receive:
- acteylcysteine
Beta-blockers, used for the prophylactic treatment of migraines, would NOT be contraindicated in a patient with a history of:
- acute coronary syndrome
For treatment of Bell's palsy, combination therapy is considered to be more beneficial and includes corticosteroids plus:
- acyclovir
Education for patients who are taking amantadine should NOT include:
- additional doses may be taken for symptom exacerbation
Oral levetiracetam (Keppra) is indicated for use as:
- adjunct treatment of partial onset seizures in adults and children
The medication class that does NOT lead to postural hypotension and possible syncope is:
- adrenergic agonists (Inotropes)
Clopidogrel (Plavix) is considered:
- an antiplatelet medication
To prevent further events, patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) should be treated with:
- aspirin (Ecotrin)
A pediatric patient who is taking valproic acid (Depakene) may exhibit toxicity symptoms which would include:
- ataxia, irritability and somnolence
Syncope related to vasovagal symptoms is best treated with:
- beta blockers
Patients with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may receive a beta-blocker for migraine prophylaxis as long as they are not currently taking a(n):
- beta-2-adrenergic agonist
In addition to the treatment of various forms of epilepsy, lamotrigine (Lamictal) is indicated in the treatment of:
- bipolar 1 disorder
The most common side effects related to benztropine (Cogentin) and trihexyphenidyl, used in the treatment of Parkinsonism, are:
- blurred vision and urinary retention
Patients receiving non-cardioselective beta blockers for migraine treatment are much more likely to experience:
- bronchial constriction
Acute tension-type headaches refractory to simple analgesics may respond to a combination of analgesics and:
- butalbital
Fioricet, indicated for the abortive treatment of tension-type headache, is a combination of acetaminophen:
- butalbital and caffeine
Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal) is structurally similar to:
- carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Non-selective beta-blockers used in migraine prophylaxis actively compete for beta receptors, inhibiting the binding of:
- catecholamine
Patients who are taking rasagiline (Azilect) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease should avoid other CYP1A2 inhibitors such as:
- ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
A patient who is taking valproic acid (Depakote) should have routine laboratory monitoring which includes a:
- complete blood count, Depakote level and liver function test
Phenobarbital, indicated for the treatment of epilepsy, is:
- contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to barbiturates
Sumatriptan (Imitrex), a serotonin (5-HT1) receptor agonist, is:
- contraindicated in patients with peripheral vascular disease
The pharmacological management that provides the greater clinical improvement of carpal tunnel syndrome is:
- corticosteroid (local injection)
Taking a triptan (5-HT1 agonist), such as sumatriptan (Imitrex), early in the headache cycle does NOT:
- decrease medication dependence and overuse syndrome
A patient started on lamotrigine (Lamictal) 4 weeks ago, and today presents with a mild rash on the upper left thigh. The nurse practitioner should:
- discontinue the lamotrigine immediately
The most common reason patients discontinue use of pregabalin (Lyrica) is:
- dizziness
A drug interaction may occur between carbamazepine (Tegretol) and:
- drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol (Yaz)
Common side effects related to pregabalin (Lyrica) include:
- edema and weight gain
Children who are receiving gabapentin (Neurontin) should be monitored for:
- emotional lability
Exercise caution before initiating pregabalin (Lyrica) in combination with:
- enalapril (Vasotec)
Due to increased cholinergic activity in patients treated with donepezil (Aricept), patients should be monitored for:
- gastrointestinal bleeding
Divalproex sodium (Depakote) for the prophylactic treatment of migraines:
- has been associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
A patient presenting with a transient ischemic attack (TIA) is taking nifedipine (Adalat CC) for hypertension. Pharmacokinetics of nifedipine may be altered in patients with:
- hepatic impairment
Acetaminophen may be used to reduce fever in the presence of a febrile seizure. A severe complication of acetaminophen (Tylenol) is:
- hepatotoxicity
A patient who is taking carbamazepine (Tegretol) for trigeminal neuralgia presents with complaints of fatigue, muscle cramps and nausea. These are symptoms of:
- hyponatremia
Patients receiving oxcarbazepine (Trileptal) should be routinely monitored for:
- hyponatremia
Carbidopa and levodopa are the active ingredients in Sinemet used to treat Parkinson's disease. The addition of carbidopa:
- increases plasma half-life levodopa
Butalbital, one of the components of Fioricet, a mediation used to abort tension-type headaches:
- is a barbiturate that acts on the central nervous system
Ticlopidine (Ticlid), platelet aggregation inhibitor;
- is rarely used due to side effects limited efficacy compared to other agents
Patients receiving levetiracetam (Keppra) are NOT likely to experience the side effect of:
- jaundice
A patient receiving lamotrigine (Lamictal) for the treatment of epilepsy would NOT need routine monitoring of:
- lamotrigine levels
Ropinirole (Requip), used in the treatment of restless leg syndrome (RLS), is metabolized primarily in the:
- liver
Serotonin (5HT1) receptor agonists, or triptans:
- may cause hypertensive crisis even in patients without a history of hypertension.
Carbamazepine (Tegretol), used in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia;
- may precipitate conduction disturbances on electrocardiograms (ECG).
Topiramate (Topamax), an antiepileptic drug:
- may reduce oral contraceptive effectiveness
Clindamycin (Cleocin) is NOT indicated in the treatment of:
- meningitis
Macrolide, such as clarithromycin (Biaxin), are NOT generally used to treat:
- meningitis
Ergotamine alkaloids, such as dihydroergotamine (Migranal), are indicated in the treatment of:
- migraine headaches (actue)
Pregabalin (Lyrica) is NOT approved for the treatment of:
- migraines with aura
Patients who experience greater than 7 to 9 tension-type headaches per month may be considered for maintenance therapy including:
- muscle relaxants and tricyclic antidepressants
Carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease is contraindicated in patients with:
- narrow-angle glaucoma
The most common short-term adverse effects of ropinirole (Requip) used in restless leg syndrome (RLS) include:
- nausea, vomiting, and fatigue
Patients taking topiramate (Topamax) are at high risk for developing:
- nephrolithiasis
The first-line treatment in acute tension-type headache is:
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
During initiation of treatment and escalation of doses, pramipexole (Mirapex) and other dopamine agonists are know to cause:
- orthostatic hypotension
Chronic use of phenytoin (Dilantin) has been associated with:
- osteopenia
A patient who is receiving divalproex sodium (Depakote) reports acute abdominal pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting. This patient should be evaluated for:
- pancreatitis
Primidone (Mysoline) is metabolized into two active metabolites, one of which is:
- phenobarbital
The generic name for Lyrica is:
- pregabalin
Levetiracetam (Keppra), indicated in the adjunctive treatment of partial seizures, is:
- primarily excreted renal unchanged
Which medication does NOT have an indication for the treatment of Parkinson disease?
- primidone (Mysoline)
The primary beta-blocker indicated for the prophylactic treatment of migraine headaches is:
- propranolol hydrochloride (Inderal)
Patients who are taking carbidopa/levodopa (Siniment) for Parkinson's disease should be advised to avoid a diet high in:
- protein
Patients who are taking divalproex sodium (Depakote) and lamotrigine (Lamictal) are at higher risk developing:
- rash, including Stevens Johnson syndrome
The medication recommended for the rescue of refractory or cluster seizure activity is:
- rectal diazepam (Diastat)
Monitoring of patients receiving gabapentin (Neurontin) should include:
- renal function
Pramipexole (Mirapex), a dopamine agonist, is indicated in the treatment of:
- restless leg syndrome and Parkinson disease
Beta-blockers are contraindicated in patients with:
- second-degree heart block
Triptans, such as sumatriptan (Imitrex), should NOT be administered concomitantly with:
- selective serotonin reuptatke inhibitors (SSRIs)
Sumatriptan (Imitrex) is classified as a(n);
- serotonin (5-HT1) receptor agonist
Monitoring for side effects of topiramate (Topamax) includes:
- serum bicarbonate and chloride
Propranolol hydrochloride (Inderal) for the treatment of migraines:
- should be tapered if discounted
The mechanism of action of pramipexole (Mirapex) is to:
- stimulate dopamine receptors in the striatum
At each follow-up visit for patients who are taking carbidopa/levodop (Sinemet), the provider should specifically inquire about:
- sudden sleep onset and gambling or sexual urges
A patient who is taking beta-blockers for the prophylactic treatment of migraine headache does NOT need to be monitored for:
- tachypnea
Benztropine (Cogentin), an anticholinergic, is NOT recommended for use patients with:
- tardive dyskinesia
A common adverse reaction to clopidogrel (Plavix) is:
- thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura
Ergotamine alkaloids for the treatment of migraines are safe to administer with:
- topiramate (Topamax)
Carbamazepine (Tegretol) is indicated in the treatment of:
- trigeminal neuralgia
The first-line pharmacological option for the treatment of generalized tonic-clonic seizures is:
- valproic acid (Depakote)
Which of the following is a non-dihydropyridine calcium channel-blocker?
- verapamil (Calan)
Carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease is a(n):
-dopaminergic agent
Patients who require oral corticosteroids for the treatment of Bell's Palsy should be instructed to take the medications:
-with food
Which of the following statements is NOT true about antiepileptic drugs (AEDs)?
Dosing of antiepiletics should be based on therapeutic drug levels.