New Deal Programs

AAA

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) This act limited farm production to help raise prices. It worked by paying farmers to reduce their crop production and kill off excess livestock. This prevented a surplus and increased crop/livestock prices. The AAA was eventually declared unconstitutional by the US Supreme Court but it helped to raise farming incomes by nearly 50%.

CWA

Civil Works Administration (CWA) Created November 8 The CWA was a temporary job creation program that put unemployed people to work building bridges, sewage systems, roads, and more. By the time it ended in 1934, over 4 million people had been given jobs and 225,000 miles of road, 30,000 schools, 3,700 playgrounds, and 1,000 airports had been constructed.

CCC

Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC) This was one of the most popular and successful relief programs of the New Deal. It put unemployed, unmarried men (and eventually unemployed war veterans) to work planting trees, building fire towers, restoring forests, and creating campgrounds and picnic areas. Workers received free food, accommodation, clothing, medical care, and a salary. The program ended in 1942 but has lasting effects on the infrastructure of the United States.

FDIC

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insured individual deposits up to $5,000 (later raised), thus ending the disgraceful epidemic of bank failures, which dated back to the "wildcat" days of Andrew Jackson

FERA

Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) Helped states to provide aid for the unemployed.

HOLC

Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) Provided government loans to homeowners who faced foreclosure because they could not make their loan payments

TVA

May 18: Tennessee Valley Authority Act (TVA) A relief program that built dams, controlled flooding, and brought electricity, and agricultural and industrial development to rural areas in the Tennessee Valley, which was hit hard by the Depression. This program made farms more productive, brought new industries to the area, and provided jobs to those who were unemployed. The TVA is still in existence to this day and is the nation's largest public power provider.

NIRA

National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) was a law passed by the United States Congress in 1933 to authorize the President to regulate industry in an attempt to raise prices after severe deflation and stimulate economic recovery.

NRA

National Recovery Administration (NRA) The National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 created the NRA to promote economic recovery by ending wage and price deflation and restoring competition. The NRA set business codes and quotas. Under its symbol of a blue eagle and slogan ("We Do Our Part"), the NRA temporarily restored investor confidence and consumer morale, but it failed to stimulate industrial production. In 1935 the Supreme Court declared the NIRA unconstitutional, because Congress had unconstitutionally delegated legislative power to the president to draft the NRA codes.

PWA

Public Works Administration (PWA) part of the New Deal of 1933 was a large-scale public works construction agency in the United States headed by Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes. It was created by the National Industrial Recovery Act in June 1933 in response to the Great Depression. It built large-scale public works such as dams, bridges, hospitals, and schools. Its goals were to spend $3.3 billion in the first year, and $6 billion in all, to provide employment, stabilize purchasing power, and help revive the economy.

2nd AAA

Second Agricultural Adjustment Act Same as the first AAA but funded from general taxation, and therefore acceptable to the Supreme Court. The Act created the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, to oversee the distribution of the subsidies to alleviate the problems with farms out west. (1938)

SEC

Securities and Exchange Comission (SEC) Regulated wall street as well as stopped banks from failing - they didn't want any more bank failures. power to license and regulate stock exchanges, the companies whose securities traded on them, and the brokers and dealers who conducted the trading.

NLRB

The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is an independent US government agency with responsibilities for enforcing US labor law in relation to collective bargaining and unfair labor practices. Under the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 it supervises elections for labor union representation and can investigate and remedy unfair labor practices. Unfair labor practices may involve union-related situations or instances of protected concerted activity. The NLRB is governed by a five-person board and a General Counsel, all of whom are appointed by the President with the consent of the Senate. Board members are appointed to five-year terms and the General Counsel is appointed to a four-year term.

WPA

Works Progress Administration (WPA) Out of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act came the Works Progress Administration (WPA). This was the largest of all New Deal agencies and mostly employed people to perform unskilled work, constructing public buildings, roads, airfields, hospitals, and more. The WPA also created Federal Project Number One, which was the name for a number of projects that employed Americans in the categories of Art, Music, Theater, Writing, and Historical Records. Any American was allowed to participate, regardless of race, color, religion, or political affiliation.