newborn nutrition

For which breastfeeding concern would the nurse teach families to seek medical attention? Mastitis Plugged ducts Engorgement Nipple confusion

mastitis

A patient in the early postpartum period asks, "How do I know if my baby is getting enough breast milk? I don't feel anything there." What are the desirable outcomes? "A good way to tell if your baby is taking in enough breast milk is if you continue to see enough wet and soiled diapers." "If your baby is gaining weight with each checkup at the pediatrician, it usually means your baby is getting enough breast milk." "If your baby actively participates in a feeding, you can hear swallowing and your baby seems content in between feeding. These are all signs that your baby is satisfied with the quantity of breast milk your body is producing." "If your baby feeds for at least 10 minutes on each breast with every feed, you know your baby is getting enough breast milk." "When your milk comes in, your breasts will feel full and most women will feel a milk letdown. This is a good sign that your body is producing enough breast milk for your baby."

"A good way to tell if your baby is taking in enough breast milk is if you continue to see enough wet and soiled diapers." "If your baby is gaining weight with each checkup at the pediatrician, it usually means your baby is getting enough breast milk." "If your baby actively participates in a feeding, you can hear swallowing and your baby seems content in between feeding. These are all signs that your baby is satisfied with the quantity of breast milk your body is producing." "When your milk comes in, your breasts will feel full and most women will feel a milk letdown. This is a good sign that your body is producing enough breast milk for your baby."

A patient with nipple soreness asks the mother-baby nurse what she can do to help alleviate the discomfort. Which solution would the nurse generate to help this patient? "The nipples may be sore because they are not used to the baby sucking so hard. Try using the rough end of a sponge to create a callous on your nipple several times a day." "The baby has an innate need to suck and may just be using your breast for comfort. Try offering a pacifier in between feeds to give your body a break." "Some women find that lanolin cream is helpful for soreness. You apply the cream following a feed. You can also leave your nipples open to air when you're not feeding." "You can alternate feedings by offering expressed breast milk in a bottle and then feeding at the breast every other feeding."

"Some women find that lanolin cream is helpful for soreness. You apply the cream following a feed. You can also leave your nipples open to air when you're not feeding."

Which recommendations would the nurse make to the family whose newborn falls asleep after 2 to 3 minutes of breastfeeding? "The baby needs to be awakened, so unwrap the newborn and gently stroke his palms or soles." "This is a sign that the newborn is full, so breastfeeding should stop until the baby shows hunger cues." "Change the newborn's diaper to wake your newborn up." "The newborn is having trouble establishing breastfeeding, so switch to bottle feeding." "This is a sign of nipple confusion, so provide pacifiers between feedings."

"The baby needs to be awakened, so unwrap the newborn and gently stroke his palms or soles." "Change the newborn's diaper to wake your newborn up."

Which education would the nurse provide a mother who reports latch difficulty with breastfeeding? "The newborn is likely sleepy. You should wait until the baby is fully awake." "Use a breast pump for a few minutes before feedings to increase nipple size." "Wait until the mouth is open wide to insert the nipple into the newborn's mouth." "Apply ointment to the nipple. It has a sweet taste and will prompt the newborn to breastfeed."

"Wait until the mouth is open wide to insert the nipple into the newborn's mouth."

The nurse would anticipate _____number of feedings for a 5-day-old breastfed baby to have in 24 hours.

8-12

Which type of commercial formula requires dilution with equal parts water? Ready-to-feed Concentrate Powder Hydrolysate formula

Concentrate

Which type of commercial infant formula is recommended for most infants? Cow's milk-based formula Soy-based formula Whey-hydrolysate

Cow's milk-based formula

Which advantages are associated with human milk (expressed and/or donor milk) feeding? Improved infant immunity Lowest infant feeding-related costs Ability to track amount of milk consumed Easy storage and shelf life Others able to feed infant Promotes maternal-infant attachment

Improved infant immunity Ability to track amount of milk consumed Others able to feed infant

For which condition would the nurse teach the family that breastfeeding is contraindicated but feeding expressed breast milk is safe? Infant galactosemia Mother with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Mother with active tuberculosis Mother with active herpes simplex virus (HSV) lesions on the breast

Mother with active tuberculosis

Which patient condition is a common breastfeeding cue in the first 24 hours following delivery? Mastitis Nipple soreness Plugged milk ducts Everted nipples

Nipple soreness

The mother of a breastfed infant states that she is having pain when the infant latches. Which action would the nurse take next? Refer the patient to the certified lactation provider. Consult the pediatrician for an order for supplementation with formula. Observe a complete breastfeeding session to assess the latch and position of the infant. Offer the patient a breast pump to see if it's more comfortable for her to pump and cup feed the infant.

Observe a complete breastfeeding session to assess the latch and position of the infant.

Which infant actions are common cues indicating a readiness to feed? Sucking Rooting Mouthing Crying Hand-to-mouth movements Vocalizations

Sucking Rooting Mouthing Hand-to-mouth movements

Which action would the nurse take for a breastfeeding mother who is afebrile but reports erythema and tenderness over her right breast? Apply cold compress. Administer local anesthetic. Teach breast massage technique. Administer intramuscular antibiotic.

Teach breast massage technique.

Which nursing subspecialties are primarily responsible for ensuring that the mother and infant are successful with breastfeeding? Select all that apply. The labor and delivery nurse The mother-baby nurse The certified lactation nurse The medical-surgical nurse The antenatal clinic nurse

The labor and delivery nurse The mother-baby nurse The antenatal clinic nurse

Which education about positioning would the nurse provide to a family who will formula feed their newborn? Select all that apply. Use the cradle position while feeding. Prop the bottle to avoid aspiration. Keep face-to-face contact during feeding. Use the football position while feeding. Hold the bottle flat to slow the flow of milk.

Use the cradle position while feeding. Keep face-to-face contact during feeding.

When teaching about infant feeding cues in the first days of life, which solution can the nurse consider to encourage the best time to initiate breastfeeding? Whenever the newborn begins to cry Every 2 hours, around the clock When the infant is in the quiet alert state When the newborn naturally wakes itself up, regardless of the time interval

When the infant is in the quiet alert state

In which way does breast milk composition vary from formula? Provides carbohydrates, proteins, and fat Includes vitamin D Whey-to-casein ratio is 70:30 Provides docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

Whey-to-casein ratio is 70:30

Which cue would the nurse explain is given by nonnutritive sucking during breastfeeding? The breast is empty. The baby is ready for feeding. The baby needs to be burped. The baby needs to be soothed.

breast is empty

Match the phases of lactogenesis with the description of the type of milk produced during that phase. Thick, yellow substance, high in protein, vitamins and minerals— Contains mix of colostrum and mature milk— 20 kcal/oz with nutrients sufficient to meet newborn's needs—

lactogenesis I lactogenesis II lactogenesis III

Match the nutrient to its description with respect to breast milk or formula. Lactose is the primary source.--- It supplies 50% of calories, though highly variable across individuals.--- Whey and casein are primary sources.---

carb fat protein

Which breastfeeding position would the nurse recommend for a mother with an abdominal incision? Cradle Football Cross-cradle Side-lying

football

Which factors are likely to support breastfeeding as the family's feeding method choice? Support from family Formula access Cultural practices Return to work Health care provider knowledge

support from family cultural practices health care providers knowledge