nitrogenous bases, their main differences, phosphate group & sugar

Nitrogenous bases

is made from alternating phosphate and sugar groups

Purines ➔ Adenine and Guanine ➔ Contain a 6-membered nitrogen containing ring fused to an imidazole ring Pyrimidines ➔ Thymine, Cytosine and Uracil ➔ Contain only a 6-membered nitrogen containing ring

main difference of purines and pyrimidines

phosphate groups phosphodiester bonds

sugar in DNA are joined together by _____ that form _____ between the third and fifth carbon atoms of adjacent sugar rings

Phosphate and sugar groups

what makes up DNA?

2-deoxyribose (which is a pentose (five-carbon) sugar)

The sugar in DNA is _____

Pyrimidines

Are aromatic heterocyclic organic compounds similar to pyridine

Pyrimidines

Have diverse biological functions such as antimicrobial, CNS depressant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-convulsant, anti-cancer, anti-helminthic, antioxidant and herbicidal activities

Uracil

In RNA, the Thymine is replaced by _____

glycosidic bond

The prime symbol being used to distinguish these carbon atoms from those of the base to which the deoxyribose forms a _____

Phosphate groups

These are known as the 3'-end (three prime end), and 5'-end (five prime end) carbons

Purines and Pyrimidines

_____ are found in meat and meat products, especially internal organs such as liver and kidney. They are also found in poultry, fish and seafood, asparagus, cauliflower, spinach, mushrooms, green peas, lentils, dried peas, beans, oatmeal, wheat bran, wheat germ, and haws

Pyridines

any class of organic compounds of the aromatic heterocyclic series characterized by a 6-membered ring structure

Purines

are heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds that consists of two rings in their structure

Yes

are purines water-soluble?

Purines

are the most widely occurring nitrogen-containing heterocyclics in nature

phosphate and sugar groups

at the backbone of the DNA strand is made from alternating _____

nitrogenous bases

at the molecular level, genes are regions of DNA which are made of different sequence of _____

Cytosine - Thymine

complementary base pairing (phosphate)

Adenine - Guanine

complementary base pairing (purine)

Nitrogenous bases

forms the backbone of the DNA strand