NTS 135 Ch. 2

The percent Daily Value is based on a

2000 kcal diet.

A carton of ice cream states that it is reduced fat. According to the FDA's guidelines concerning nutrient claims, it must contain _____ less fat than the reference food.

25%

Physical activity recommendations for children and adolescents include

60 minutes of physical activity per day.

The RDAs are meant to cover the nutrient needs of

97% to 98% of the healthy population.

Low sodium

A low sodium food must provide no more than 140 milligrams of sodium per serving.

Sodium free

A sodium free food must provide less than 5 milligrams of sodium per serving.

Very low sodium

A very low sodium food must provide no more than 35 milligrams of sodium per serving.

Estimated Energy Requirement.

An EER is an estimate of daily kilocalorie needs. RDAs or AIs are used to express requirements for individual nutrients.

Which of the following examples illustrates the concept of dietary balance?

An athlete decreases his total calorie intake during the off season, when he is not as active

Which of the following are true statements concerning sugar on the Nutrition Facts panel of the food label?

As of 2018, the amount of added sugars must be listed. The units for sugars are grams.

The Dietary Guidelines encourage Americans to consume more dark-green or orange vegetables because they are rich sources of vitamin A. Knowing this, which foods in the vegetables group are good sources of vitamin A?

Carrots Spinach Sweet potatoes

The ______ is a generic nutrient standard used on food labels.

Daily Value

Choose the multiple purposes of the Dietary Guidelines.

Develop food, nutrition, and health policies and programs Create nutrition education materials for the public Tool for health professionals to help Americans design healthy eating and activity patterns

With reference to nutrient standards, DRI stands for

Dietary Reference Intake.

What is used to determine the calorie needs of the average person for a specific weight, age, and sex?

Estimated Energy Requirement

How do typical American diets compare to the Dietary Guidelines?

Exceed limits for sodium intake Exceed recommendations for refined grains intake Exceed limits for intake of added sugars

True or false: A healthful diet requires people to give up their favorite foods.

False

Which federal agency monitors food and beverage labeling in the United States?

Food and Drug Administration

What is listed in descending order by weight on a food label?

Ingredients

Select limitations of using the MyPlate icon as a standalone guide to healthy eating.

It does not illustrate snacks between meals. It does not illustrate which foods to choose within each food group. It does not provide guidance on overall calorie intake.

Which of the following accurately describe the Daily Value?

It is used on the Nutrition Facts panel. It is a generic standard. It is based on a 2000-kcal diet.

Which of the following is true concerning sugar on the Nutrition Facts food label?

Limiting intake is the best advice.

______ are at the top of the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid, which indicates they should be eaten least frequently.

Meats and sweets

Select background factors that are important to consider when conducting an evaluation of nutritional health.

Medical history Current medications Economic status Social history Health literacy level

Which of the following components are optional on the Nutrition Facts panel of a food label?

Monounsaturated fat Magnesium Polyunsaturated fat

In addition to the product name, name and address of manufacturer, amount of product in the package, and the ingredients panel, the ______ listing certain nutrient constituents is also a mandatory element of the food label.

Nutrition Facts panel

Which of the following is the most important health concern that informed the development of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Obesity

Daily Values are most similar to

RDAs or AIs.

Which of the following characteristics of nutrition claims can serve as "red flags" that signal poor nutrition advice?

Recommendations based on a single study Claims that sound too good to be true Recommendations that promise a quick fix

Which of the following are Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)?

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) Adequate Intakes (AI) Estimated Energy Requirements (EER) Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL)

Which statement is true about the aim of the Dietary Guidelines?

They are not intended for treating disease.

What is the purpose of the Recommended Dietary Allowances?

To evaluate a person's current dietary intake of nutrients.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the purpose of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

To promote adequate nutritional status and good health, and to reduce the risk of major nutrition-related, chronic health conditions.

Identify the dietary principles emphasized by the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid.

Use olive oil and other plant oils as the main sources of fat in the diet. Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables. Consume a variety of minimally processed foods.

Choosing a number of different foods within any given food group rather than eating the same thing day after day describes a component of a healthful diet known as ______.

Variety

Which food group covers half the plate providing dense sources of nutrients and phytochemicals?

Vegetables and fruits

Recommended Dietary Allowance.

When a nutrient recommendation is backed by lots of experimental evidence, it is expressed as an RDA.

Weight, skinfold thickness, body circumference are measures of

anthropometric data.

Anthropometric measurements that help to determine nutritional status include

body circumferences. height. skinfold thicknesses. weight.

Variety in the diet means

choosing different foods within a given food group (e.g. subgroups).

Variety in the diet means

choosing foods from various food groups. choosing different foods within a given food group (e.g. subgroups).

The Dietary Guidelines advise Americans to

consume more fruits and vegetables. consume less sodium. maintain a healthy body weight.

Calcium-rich foods are associated with the ______ group.

dairy

A(n) ______ nutrition state occurs when body tissues have enough essential nutrients from a variety of foods to support metabolic functions.

desirable

The Adequate Intake is based on the

dietary intakes of people that appear to be maintaining nutritional health.

Background information that may be needed to accurately determine nutritional and health status includes

economic status education level medications medical history social history

Educational level, living conditions, and economic status are part of the ______ assessment.

environmental

The quality of evidence supporting an RDA is ______ the quality of evidence supporting an AI.

greater than

The rapid fall in heart function caused by reduced blood flow through the heart's blood vessels where often a part of the heart dies is known as

heart attack.

The MyPlate icon reminds consumers

how to build a healthy meal. to incorporate fruits and vegetables into meals.

Nutrient claims on food packaging

must follow legal definitions.

Another name for a heart attack is

myocardial infarction.

The most recent edition of the Dietary Guidelines is designed specifically to help a person avoid becoming ______, a condition that affects more than half of American adults and is associated with development of many chronic diseases.

overweight

Our patented Fat Buster System is guaranteed to take 2 inches off your waistline in the first week!" This claim could be identified as suspicious because it

promises a quick fix

To reduce risk for cardiovascular disease, Americans should ______ their intake of saturated fat, trans fat, and added sugars.

reduce

The Dietary Guidelines recommend that Americans reduce their intakes of

saturated fat. trans fat. sodium.

The absence of ______ from the MyPlate icon draws criticism from some experts in nutrition and health.

serving sizes energy requirements

Overconsumption of _____ is often linked to chronic disease.

sodium saturated fat calories

General goals for nutrient intakes and diet composition set by the United States Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services are collectively called

the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.

Estimated Energy Requirements take ______ into account when determining an individual's energy needs.

weight age physical activity gender

What is the maximum chronic daily intake level of a nutrient that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects in most all people?

Tolerable Upper Intake Level

Choosing the right amount of calories to consume is based on age, sex, height, and

weight.

Which of the following are characteristics of a healthy dietary pattern?

1) Moderation 2) Balance 3) Variety

Moderation requires

1) avoiding megadoses of nutrients. 2) paying attention to portion sizes of foods.

When there is not sufficient research evidence to set a precise RDA for a nutrient, a(n) ______ is set. This is the amount of nutrient intake assumed to be adequate based on the dietary intakes of people who appear to be maintaining nutritional health.

Adequate Intake (AI)

A desirable nutrition state occurs when body tissues have enough essential nutrients from ______ of foods to support metabolic functions.

a variety

Vitamin or mineral toxicity is most likely to result from consuming

individual vitamin and mineral supplements.

Family health history must be carefully recorded and critically analyzed as part of a _____ assessment.

nutritional

Typical Americans need to reduce their intake of

Added sugars

The recommended intake of biotin (a B vitamin) is 30 micrograms per day for adults. Studies show that adults who consume this much biotin are healthy, with no evidence of deficiency or toxicity. However, the precise human requirements for biotin have not been determined experimentally. The type of nutrient standard described is a(n)

Adequate Intake.

Which of the following statements are consistent with advice from the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans?

Adults should perform 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week. Children should engage in at least 60 minutes of physical activity per day.

If you choose mostly nutrient-dense foods instead of empty calories, you are practicing dietary ______.

balance

When choosing a dietary supplement, avoid those for which the recommended dose would

exceed the UL for any nutrients.

Chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, are linked to

excess calorie intake.

Choose the factors that determine the correct amount of calories you should consume each day.

height weight age

FALCPA is a labeling law that requires food manufacturers to clearly indicate the presence of ______ in food products.

major food allergens

Eating small portion sizes and planning your entire day's diet so that you don't over-consume any nutrients is a healthful component of the diet known as

moderation.

Small changes a person can make to start creating a healthier eating style include

moving to low-fat and fat-free dairy. making half your grains whole grains. making half your plate fruits and vegetables.

Overnutrition may result from

prolonged consumption of more nutrients than the body needs.

Which are nutrition components that must appear on the Nutrition Facts food label?

Calories Fiber Carbohydrates

Which of the following elements of a food label are required by law?

Nutrition Facts panel Food manufacturer name and address List of ingredients in descending order by weight