NUR01: Patho → Quiz 1

Which accurately explains the functions of the organelles lysosomes? They:

Are sacs filled with enzymes that breakdown and remove foreign substances and worn-out cell parts

Rigorous weight lifting/body building regimens may result in the skeletal muscle cells undergoing

hypertrophy

Which of the following clients would be an example of cellular atrophy?

A middle-aged female experiencing menopause due to loss of estrogen stimulation

Which assessment findings of a client with an elevated temperature would be considered a "normal" finding? Select all that apply.

Flushed skin Pain when moving joints to sit up in bed Unusual fatigue and drowsiness

Which describes the function of the nucleus?

It contains the genetic code for the individual

To which of the following does the term apoptosis refer?

Preprogrammed cell self-destruction

Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus is performed by ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

Providing the site where protein synthesis occurs

Despite the low levels of radiation used in contemporary radiologic imaging, a radiology technician is aware of the need to minimize her exposure to ionizing radiation. What is the primary rationale for the technician's precautions?

Radiation interferes with DNA synthesis and mitosis

Which of the following facts underlies the concept of replicative senescence?

Telomeres become progressively shorter in successive generations of a cell

Which body tissue exhibits the highest rate of turnover and renewal?

The squamous epithelial cells of the skin

While sponging a client who has a high temperature, the nurse observes the client begins to shiver. At this point, the priority nursing intervention would be to: a. administer an extra does of aspirin b. stop sponging the client and retake a set of vitals c. increase the room temperature by turning off the air conditioner and continue sponging the client with warmer water d. place a heated electric blanket on the client's bed

b

A client has experienced significant decreases in mobility and stamina during a 3-week hospital stay for the treatment of a femoral head fracture. Which of the following phenomena most likely accounts for the client's decrease in muscle function? a. dysplasia as a consequence of inflammation during bone remodeling b. impaired muscle cell metabolism resulting from metaplasia c. ischemic atrophy resulting from vascular changes while on bedrest d. disuse atrophy of muscle cells during a prolonged period of immobility

d

A client has sought care because of recent malaise and high fever. Upon assessment, the client states that his current fever began 2 days earlier , although he states that for the last 2 weeks he is in a cycle of high fever for a couple of days followed by a day or two of normal temperature. Which of the following fever patterns is this client experiencing? A) Recurrent fever B) Remittent fever C) Sustained fever D) Intermittent fever

d

A change in a tissue marked by cells that vary in size and shape and show increased mitotic figures would be called:

dysplasia

A client has an abscess in the mouth with a profuse amount of thick creamy white exudate. The nurse knows that this wound with necrotic cells is classified as:

membranous

A patient who has a 2 pack per day cigarette smoking history presents at a facility with a respiratory disturbance. Examination of his airway demonstrates that the stratified epithelial cells have replaced the normal columnar ciliated cells. This type of adaptation is called

metaplasia

Semen analysis indicates that the client's sperm have decreased motility. Which of the following cellular components may be defective within the client's sperm?

microtubules

An elderly client is dressed only in a hospital gown and complains of a draft in her room. Consequently, she has requested a warm blanket while she sits in her wheelchair. Which of the following mechanisms of heat loss is most likely the primary cause of her request?

radiation and convection

A pregnant client is attending a nutrition class for first-time moms. During the class, the instructor stressed that they should avoid consumption of which food that may cause brain damage from methyl mercury exposure?

tuna

During a discussion of different cell types in the body, the instructor mentions that which types of cells renew themselves continuously throughout life?

• Neurons • Cells lining the GI tract