NUTR ch. 13

compare microcytic, macrocytic, and pernicious anemia

Microcytic anemia- iron & vitamin b6 deficiency Macrocytic anemia- folate or vitamin b12 deficiency Pernicious anemia- lack of intrinsic factor due to gastric or autoimmune reaction that attacks the parietal cells of the stomach

all of the following are trace mineral EXCEPT

potassium

which of the following statements about selenium is FALSE

selenium has no known toxicity symptoms

in which of the following types of individuals is copper deficiency most likely to occur

the aged

all of the following statements are true of trace minerals EXCEPT

they can be destroyed by cooking

how can goitrogen consumption cause a secondary deficiency of iodine

they reduce the absorption of iodide ions by the thyroid gland and decrease the amount of thyroid hormones released into the blood

about half of the iron in an average americium diet comes from the enriched grain products and cereals

true

an enlarged thyroid gland is a sign go iodine deficiency

true

both deficiency and toxicity of iodine can cause thyroid dysfunction

true

fiber and phytates enhance the absorption of zinc

true

fluoride is not essential for normal growth and development

true

fluorosis results in stained pitted teeth and increased the risk of dental caries

true

iron absorption is tightly regulated in order to prevent toxicity

true

iron deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency in the world

true

most of the trace minerals have interactions with other nutrients

true

organ damage can result from iron overload in the body

true

the amount of trace minerals in a plant food can be influenced by the soil in which the food was grown

true

zinc is necessary for DNA and RNA synthesis

true

taste and smell perception are associated with which mineral

zinc

hemochromatosis is a genetic disorder that causes individual to absorb too much

iron

the most abundant trace mineral in the body is

iron

which of the following is a trace mineral

iron

which of the following trace mineral has an adult RDA that is higher for women than for men

iron

which are two trace minerals that vegetarians may have a higher need for

iron and zinc

what is the fate of nonheme iron that remains bound to food in the gastrointestinal tract

it is excreted with the feces

why do vegetarians have higher requirement for iron

because they do not get their iron from meats like non vegetarians

which of the following contributes the most to iron loss in the body

bleeding

goitrogens may be found in

cabbage

which of the following is a characteristic of zinc deficiency

delayed growth and development

some research studies suggest that chromium may play a role in decreasing the risk of developing

diabetes

all types of salt have added iodine

false

because iron absorption is so tightly regulated iron overload is impossible

false

consumption of chromium can increase lean body mass and improve body composition

false

trace minerals are not as essential as the major minerals

false

provide two examples involving trace minerals that demonstrate progress in public health

fluoridation of public water iodization of salt

along with calcium and vitamin d... may increase bone density and reduce osteoporosis

fluoride

which of the following is the BEST source of bioavailable iron

hamburger

what are the two forms of iron in foods

heme and nonheme

what are the difference between heme and nonheme iron

heme- animal foods nonheme- plant foods

Cassie's aunt is pregnant and wants to improve her iron status. She eats the recommended servings of fruits and vegetables every day and consumes meat a couple of times a week. Citrus fruits are her favorite fruits. She loves coffee and drinks an average of 4 cups a day—definitely after every meal. Sometimes coffee gives her heartburn, and she pops a few antacids to relieve the symptoms. List the possible factors in Cassie's aunt's lifestyle that can be manipulated to improve her iron absorption.

include more meat, fish, and chicken reduce coffee drinking and antacid consumption each more vitamin c rich citrus foods

what is chromium main function in the body

increase insulin effectiveness in cells