NUTR ch. 13
compare microcytic, macrocytic, and pernicious anemia
Microcytic anemia- iron & vitamin b6 deficiency Macrocytic anemia- folate or vitamin b12 deficiency Pernicious anemia- lack of intrinsic factor due to gastric or autoimmune reaction that attacks the parietal cells of the stomach
all of the following are trace mineral EXCEPT
potassium
which of the following statements about selenium is FALSE
selenium has no known toxicity symptoms
in which of the following types of individuals is copper deficiency most likely to occur
the aged
all of the following statements are true of trace minerals EXCEPT
they can be destroyed by cooking
how can goitrogen consumption cause a secondary deficiency of iodine
they reduce the absorption of iodide ions by the thyroid gland and decrease the amount of thyroid hormones released into the blood
about half of the iron in an average americium diet comes from the enriched grain products and cereals
true
an enlarged thyroid gland is a sign go iodine deficiency
true
both deficiency and toxicity of iodine can cause thyroid dysfunction
true
fiber and phytates enhance the absorption of zinc
true
fluoride is not essential for normal growth and development
true
fluorosis results in stained pitted teeth and increased the risk of dental caries
true
iron absorption is tightly regulated in order to prevent toxicity
true
iron deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency in the world
true
most of the trace minerals have interactions with other nutrients
true
organ damage can result from iron overload in the body
true
the amount of trace minerals in a plant food can be influenced by the soil in which the food was grown
true
zinc is necessary for DNA and RNA synthesis
true
taste and smell perception are associated with which mineral
zinc
hemochromatosis is a genetic disorder that causes individual to absorb too much
iron
the most abundant trace mineral in the body is
iron
which of the following is a trace mineral
iron
which of the following trace mineral has an adult RDA that is higher for women than for men
iron
which are two trace minerals that vegetarians may have a higher need for
iron and zinc
what is the fate of nonheme iron that remains bound to food in the gastrointestinal tract
it is excreted with the feces
why do vegetarians have higher requirement for iron
because they do not get their iron from meats like non vegetarians
which of the following contributes the most to iron loss in the body
bleeding
goitrogens may be found in
cabbage
which of the following is a characteristic of zinc deficiency
delayed growth and development
some research studies suggest that chromium may play a role in decreasing the risk of developing
diabetes
all types of salt have added iodine
false
because iron absorption is so tightly regulated iron overload is impossible
false
consumption of chromium can increase lean body mass and improve body composition
false
trace minerals are not as essential as the major minerals
false
provide two examples involving trace minerals that demonstrate progress in public health
fluoridation of public water iodization of salt
along with calcium and vitamin d... may increase bone density and reduce osteoporosis
fluoride
which of the following is the BEST source of bioavailable iron
hamburger
what are the two forms of iron in foods
heme and nonheme
what are the difference between heme and nonheme iron
heme- animal foods nonheme- plant foods
Cassie's aunt is pregnant and wants to improve her iron status. She eats the recommended servings of fruits and vegetables every day and consumes meat a couple of times a week. Citrus fruits are her favorite fruits. She loves coffee and drinks an average of 4 cups a day—definitely after every meal. Sometimes coffee gives her heartburn, and she pops a few antacids to relieve the symptoms. List the possible factors in Cassie's aunt's lifestyle that can be manipulated to improve her iron absorption.
include more meat, fish, and chicken reduce coffee drinking and antacid consumption each more vitamin c rich citrus foods
what is chromium main function in the body
increase insulin effectiveness in cells