Nutrition 150 Chapter 15

Weight loss occurs after gastric bypass surgery because __________. the small intestine is removed and there is no absorption of nutrients the intestine is reversed and food is not digested the stomach is expanded and the food moves more slowly the stomach size is reduced and the person cannot eat big meals

the stomach size is reduced and the person cannot eat big meals

If a person were to lose 7 pounds in seven days, the majority of his or her weight loss would be __________. muscle loss bone loss fat loss water loss

water loss

Which of the following foods would provide the greatest satiety? An egg Carrot sticks A donut An orange

An egg

Which of the following meals has the largest effect on satiety and helps reduce the intake of food? Caesar salad with salmon Two donuts A glass of orange juice A bag of potato chips

Caesar salad with salmon

Which of the following is an environmental factor influencing the weight of Americans? Little access to fresh vegetables Lack of FDA guidelines Lack of nutritional information on food products Easy access to a variety of foods

Easy access to a variety of foods

Which weight-loss surgery involves the use of a silicone band to reduce the size of the stomach? Liposuction Gastric bypass Gastric banding Gastrectomy

Gastric banding

Which of the following is NOT an environmental factor that can increase appetite and/or decrease physical activity? An abundant food supply Genetics Portion distortion Lack of time

Genetics

Which part of the brain is responsible for the control of hunger? Lateral hypothalamus Cerebral cortex Pons Ventromedial hypothalamus

Lateral hypothalamus

Which of the following hormones decreases hunger? Insulin Ghrelin Leptin Glucagon

Leptin

What seems to be a key factor for a successful, high-adherence weight-loss process? A diet very low in fiber Drastic cut of kilocalories Satisfying, appropriately portioned diet Meals that contain very small portions

Satisfying, appropriately portioned diet

What was the result when researchers tested the effects of isocaloric diets that contain either high carbohydrate/low fat or high protein/high fat on weight loss? Weight loss did not occur. The high protein/high fat diet resulted in greater weight loss. The high carbohydrate/low fat diet resulted in greater weight loss. The weight loss was similar.

The weight loss was similar.

The increase in the size of an adipocyte when it fills with fat is known as __________. hyponatremia hyperplasia hypertrophy hyperkeratosis

hypertrophy

The weight-loss medication Xenical works by __________. inhibiting fat absorption increasing satiety increasing metabolism suppressing appetite

inhibiting fat absorption

The feeling of fullness after a meal is known as __________. hunger satiety bloating appetite

satiety

The term __________ describes the changes in gene activity and gene expression that occur without changing the DNA sequence itself. nutritional genomics gene-environment interaction epigenetics genetic mutation

epigenetics

After eating a complete dinner, the desire for a piece of chocolate cake is an example of __________. hunger satiety satiation appetite

appetite

Focusing on changing eating behaviors that contribute to weight gain is known as __________. set point theory behavior modification satiation nutrigenomics

behavior modification

Constant eating throughout the day without allowing for feelings of hunger or fullness is called __________. grazing satiety gorging satiation

grazing

A recommended amount of weight loss over a six-month period is __________. 25 percent 10 percent at least 50 pounds not more than 10 pounds

10 percent

In order to help with weight loss and prevent weight gain, it is advised to devote __________ minutes daily to moderate-intensity activity. more than 120 60 to 90 10 to 20 90 to 120

60 to 90