Nutrition Chapter 6 Review

It is recommended that you consume from 10 to ________ percent of your total daily calories from protein.

35

A gram of protein contains ________ calories.

4

A high-protein diet has been linked to a lower risk of heart disease.

False

A protein is considered a complete protein if it contains all eleven nonessential amino acids and some of the nine essential amino acids.

False

According to the NIH, approximately one in twelve African Americans and one in 100 Asians are carriers of the mutated gene that causes sickle-cell anemia.

False

Proteins within the body help to maintain fluid balance but not acid-base balance.

False

The type of RNA that collects the amino acids needed to make a protein is called mRNA.

False

Whole-wheat bread contains complete proteins.

False

Proteins can be denatured or rendered inactive by which of the following factors?

Acids

Proteins that minimize fluctuations in pH are known as

Buffers

The most abundant protein in the body is

Collagen

A classic symptom of severe kwashiorkor is ________ of the legs, feet, and stomach.

Edema

Isoflavones have a chemical structure similar to

Estrogen

Which foods are most likely missing when a person is on a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet?

Fruits

The condition characterized by a severe deficiency of calories is known as

Marasmus

A person fighting a fever would be in ________ nitrogen balance.

Negative

An amino acid that can be synthesized in the body is considered to be

Nonessential

Digestion of protein within the stomach begins with the enzyme

Pepsin

Amino acids are joined together by which kind of bond?

Peptide bond

A study of Chinese women revealed that those who ate the most ________ during their adolescent years had a reduced risk of breast cancer in adulthood.

Soy

Complemented proteins result from the combination of two incomplete proteins.

True

Consuming too much of any one amino acid in protein supplements can impede absorption of other amino acids in the intestinal tract.

True

During periods of starvation, the carbon skeletons of amino acids are used for energy and for gluconeogenesis.

True

Numerous research studies have shown that bones lose calcium when a person's diet is too high in protein.

True

When amino acids are broken down, they lose their amine groups.

True