Nutrition Exam 3

True

The alcohol content of liquor is indicated by its proof. True/False

A, C, and E

The antioxidants include vitamins __________.

Bioavailiability

The degree to which a nutrient is absorbed from foods and used in the body is called __________.

Beriberi

The disease that occurs in humans who are deficient in thiamin is __________.

False

The enzyme ADH does not function in the liver. False

Ethanol

The familiar alcoholic beverages that are commonly consumed contain an alcohol called ____.

Hemopoiesis

The formation of red blood cells is called __________.

Act as coenzymes in energy production

The primary function of the B vitamins is to __________.

True

Twelve ounces of beer or wine can constitute a standard drink. True/False

Enabling the body to make white blood cells

Vitamin C helps maintain a healthy immune system by __________.

Consume an adequate, balanced diet

Vitamin supplements are unnecessary for most healthy people if they __________.

Heat

Vitamins can be destroyed by __________.

Do not provide calories

Vitamins differ from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats because they __________.

Fat-soluble vitamins

Vitamins that are stored after they are absorbed are __________.

Lean pork

What is a good source of thiamin?

The alcohol expelled through the lungs correlates with the amount of alcohol in blood.

What is the reason why a Breathalyzer works?

The RAS can be shut down, resulting in unconsciousness.

What is true about excessive alcohol consumption and the reticular activating system (RAS)?

Grilled liver and onions, and a baked sweet potato

What meal supplies lots of vitamin A?

Newborn infants

What population is at risk for vitamin K deficiency?

When the BAC begins to go down

When does a hangover begin?

Retinoid

Which of the following terms is a form of vitamin A?

Stage 3

Which stage of liver disease is cirrhosis?

Vitamin B6

Which vitamin acts as a coenzyme for more than 100 enzymes, most of which are involved in protein metabolism?

Pantothenic acid

Which vitamin is part of the structure of acetyl CoA?

Biotin

Which vitamin is sometimes called the "beauty vitamin" because it helps enhance hair and nails?

Choline

Which vitamin-like compound helps protect the liver and is considered an essential nutrient?

Vegetarians taking vitamin D supplements due to decreased dietary sources

Who may benefit from vitamin supplementation?

False

Wine is a form of distilled alcohol. True/False

Sugars

Yeast acts upon to _____ generate alcohol.

True

Yeast is essential to fermentation. True/False

A spinach salad with orange slices

You want to ensure you're getting enough iron in your diet, and you know a specific water-soluble vitamin helps absorb nonheme iron. Which meal listed below is a good example of this relationship?

Intrinsic factor

__________ helps the body absorb vitamin B12.

False

A blackout always involves loss of consciousness. True/False

Orange Juice

A breakfast high in antioxidants would include __________.

Vitamin-like compounds can be synthesized by the body

A difference between vitamins and vitamin-like compounds is that __________.

Neural tube defects

A folate deficiency in pregnancy can result in __________.

Pernicious anemia

A lack of intrinsic factor is associated with __________.

Niacin

A patient with symptoms including dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia (the three Ds) may have a deficiency in __________.

A vitamin precursor that is converted to a vitamin in the body

A provitamin is __________.

False

According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, moderate alcohol consumption is defined as up to two drinks per individual irrespective of height, weight, or gender. True/False

False

Alcohol consumed on an empty stomach takes longer to reach the brain than alcohol consumed with food. True/False

False

Alcohol destroys bacterial endotoxins before they can damage liver cells. True/False

Drug

Alcohol is a ____.

True

Alcohol is absorbed by a process of simple diffusion through the mucosa into the bloodstream. True/False

Nutrition

All of the following are reasons people choose to drink alcohol except nutrition. pleasure. relaxation. tradition.

False

All of the harmful effects of alcohol are felt while the individual is intoxicated. True/False

A peanut butter sandwich on whole-wheat bread

An example of a biotin-rich meal consists of __________.

Alcohol stimulates damaged cells to divide and multiply.

An example of a dietary factor influencing the promotion stage of cancer development?

False

By law, advertisements for alcohol cannot be misleading. True/False

True

Drinking more alcohol even if it is mixed with another beverage during a hangover only increases the recovery time. True/False

False

Eighty proof vodka contains 80 percent alcohol. True/False

True

Ethanol consumption is considered safe but not harmless. True/False

Organic

Ethanol is

Increased hemorrhage risk

Excess vitamin E can lead to __________.

3-ounce salmon fillet, ½ cup broccoli, 8 ounces soymilk

Good source of vitamin D?

False

Hangover symptoms disappear once blood alcohol levels diminish. True/False

Diuretic

Hangovers cause dehydration because alcohol is a ____.

False

Having a drink late in the evening can induce a good night's sleep without disruption. True/False

Be as lean as possible within the normal range of body weight.

If a patient wants to decrease their risk of developing cancer, which of the following recommendations would be appropriate?

True

In the long term, alcohol consumption may contribute to malnutrition. True/False

Distillation

In the production of liquors, fermentation is followed by ____.

Increasing intestinal absorption of calcium

Increased active vitamin D impacts blood calcium levels by __________.

Hypervitaminosis

Ingesting megadose levels of vitamin supplements can lead to __________.

Folate and vitamin B12

Macrocytic anemia is caused by a deficiency of __________.

Hippocampus

Memory problems may reflect alcohol's impact on which part of the brain?

Liver

Microsomes are small vesicles found in cells in the

Riboflavin

Milk is generally stored in opaque containers to prevent the destruction of __________ by sunlight.

Diabetes

Moderate alcohol consumption may reduce the risk of ____

True

Moderate consumption of alcohol may lower the risk of heart disease. True/False

Duodenum

Most alcohol absorption occurs in the ____.

Liver

Most alcohol is metabolized in the ____.

Phytochemicals

Naturally occurring substances that protect against chronic diseases are called __________.

Neutralize free radicals before they can harm cell membranes

One of the roles of vitamin E in the body is to __________.

True

Only about 95 percent of the alcohol consumed is completely metabolized. True/False

Fortified

Orange juice with calcium is an example of a food that has been __________.

Consistent

People taking anticoagulant medications such as Coumadin need __________ intake of vitamin K.

True

Some alcohol gets metabolized even before absorption can occur. True/False

Alcohol dependence

Another term for alcoholism is ____.

False

At low doses, alcohol does not impair judgment and coordination. True/False