nutrition exam 3

water-soluble vitamins

are easily excreted in the urine

the B vitamins act as

coenzymes

the strategy of combining two ________ plant protein sources permits the amino acids in one food to make up for those lacking in the other food

complementary

which of the following is not a good strategy to reduce your sodium intake?

eat canned soups, fast foods, and canned vegetables

which of the following is a protein catalyst, which facilitates chemical reaction?

enzyme

low protein intake in people older than 66 is associated with lower mortality while low protein intake in people between the ages of 50 to 65 is associated with higher mortality

false

our bodies can digest proteins equally

false

which B vitamin is especially important for women of childbearing age to prevent neural tube defects?

folate

all of the following are true about iron except

iron is recycled in the kidney

which of the following is true about celiac disease

it can be diagnosed with a blood test, a biopsy, and a change in the diet

removing gluten from the diet has been shown to

resolve digestive problems in people with celiac disease

the best way to select foods that are vitamin rich is to

select a wide variety of whole foods to get a balance of vitamins

when a child has a virus that caused vomiting and diarrhea over several days time, it is critical for her to receive medical care because

she may need help in replacing extreme fluid losses

higher intake of which of the following minerals is associated with high blood pressure?

sodium

the principle ions used to maintain fluid balance in the body are

sodium and potassium

healthy people can consume vitamin A in large amounts without risking toxicity, with the possible exception of what?

supplements

an athlete consumes large amounts of meat in an effort to build extra muscle tissue. this practice does not work because

the body has only a limited capacity to store extra amino acids

all of the following is true about carotenoids except

they are the active form of vitamin A in the body

the main function of vitamin K is

to help synthesize proteins that help clot the blood

amino acids are "wasted" (not used to build protein or nitrogen-containing compounds) in the body whenever there is

too much dietary protein

eating pasta with tomato sauce is an example of complimenting protein to ensure intake of both lysine and methionine

true

hypertension is a disease in which blood pressure is elevated above 130 mm Hg (systolic) or 80 mm Hg (diastolic)

true

sickle-cell disease is an example of an inherited variation in the amino acid sequence

true

the B vitamins work together with enzymes in the metabolism of energy nutrients and in the making of new cells

true

the acid in your stomach can cause denaturation of proteins which is needed for digestion of proteins. cooking your food also helps with denaturing proteins

true

vitamin D deficiency in children can cause bowed legs, an abnormality seen in the disease rickets

true

vitamin A plays an important role in all of the following except

calcium regulation

in the british navy, scurvy was reversed by feeding sailors each day

2 oranges and a lemon

the selenium content of the typical north american diet is

adequate, due to consumption of a variety of animal and grain products from the upper midwest

the basic building block. of a protein is called a(n)

amino acid

by definition, a vitamin is all of the following except

an energy-yielding nutrient

all of the following are true about bone except

bone is a dead tissue

what is the most abundant mineral in the body?

calcium

all of the following are significant food sources of vitamin D except

lemons

a child suffering from protein deficiency develops swelling (edema) in their feet. this is an example of protein's role in

maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance

which of the following is not true about osteoporosis?

men do not develop the disease because they consume high amounts of meat protein

which of the following is true about protein intake of people in the united states?

most consume more than is needed

which of the following is found in protein but not in carbohydrate or fat?

nitrogen

there is a nutrient inadequacy with consumption of several vitamins in the US. all of the following are true about nutrient inadequacy except

nutrient inadequacy is easy to access because nutrient needs are similar between people

bone density follows what progression?

peaks in the twenties, levels off in the thirties, and is lost after forty

higher intake of which of the following minerals is associated with lowered blood pressure?

potassium

gluten is a

protein

in times of energy shortage due to inadequate carbohydrates or fats in foods, the body uses protein in what way?

uses essential and non-essential amino acids for energy

an uninformed strict vegetarian is at special risk for _______ deficiency

vitamin B12

the more animal protein you eat, the higher your intake of

vitamin B12

all of the following are fat-soluble vitamins except

vitamin C

the nutrient that can be considered both a vitamin and a hormone because it is synthesized in the skin is

vitamin D

a person's absorption of calcium varies based on

vitamin D intake

what vitamin can prevent the breakdown of phospholipids in the cell membrane that is caused by free radicals?

vitamin E

which of the following makes up about 60 percent of the body's weight?

water