nutrition exam 3
water-soluble vitamins
are easily excreted in the urine
the B vitamins act as
coenzymes
the strategy of combining two ________ plant protein sources permits the amino acids in one food to make up for those lacking in the other food
complementary
which of the following is not a good strategy to reduce your sodium intake?
eat canned soups, fast foods, and canned vegetables
which of the following is a protein catalyst, which facilitates chemical reaction?
enzyme
low protein intake in people older than 66 is associated with lower mortality while low protein intake in people between the ages of 50 to 65 is associated with higher mortality
false
our bodies can digest proteins equally
false
which B vitamin is especially important for women of childbearing age to prevent neural tube defects?
folate
all of the following are true about iron except
iron is recycled in the kidney
which of the following is true about celiac disease
it can be diagnosed with a blood test, a biopsy, and a change in the diet
removing gluten from the diet has been shown to
resolve digestive problems in people with celiac disease
the best way to select foods that are vitamin rich is to
select a wide variety of whole foods to get a balance of vitamins
when a child has a virus that caused vomiting and diarrhea over several days time, it is critical for her to receive medical care because
she may need help in replacing extreme fluid losses
higher intake of which of the following minerals is associated with high blood pressure?
sodium
the principle ions used to maintain fluid balance in the body are
sodium and potassium
healthy people can consume vitamin A in large amounts without risking toxicity, with the possible exception of what?
supplements
an athlete consumes large amounts of meat in an effort to build extra muscle tissue. this practice does not work because
the body has only a limited capacity to store extra amino acids
all of the following is true about carotenoids except
they are the active form of vitamin A in the body
the main function of vitamin K is
to help synthesize proteins that help clot the blood
amino acids are "wasted" (not used to build protein or nitrogen-containing compounds) in the body whenever there is
too much dietary protein
eating pasta with tomato sauce is an example of complimenting protein to ensure intake of both lysine and methionine
true
hypertension is a disease in which blood pressure is elevated above 130 mm Hg (systolic) or 80 mm Hg (diastolic)
true
sickle-cell disease is an example of an inherited variation in the amino acid sequence
true
the B vitamins work together with enzymes in the metabolism of energy nutrients and in the making of new cells
true
the acid in your stomach can cause denaturation of proteins which is needed for digestion of proteins. cooking your food also helps with denaturing proteins
true
vitamin D deficiency in children can cause bowed legs, an abnormality seen in the disease rickets
true
vitamin A plays an important role in all of the following except
calcium regulation
in the british navy, scurvy was reversed by feeding sailors each day
2 oranges and a lemon
the selenium content of the typical north american diet is
adequate, due to consumption of a variety of animal and grain products from the upper midwest
the basic building block. of a protein is called a(n)
amino acid
by definition, a vitamin is all of the following except
an energy-yielding nutrient
all of the following are true about bone except
bone is a dead tissue
what is the most abundant mineral in the body?
calcium
all of the following are significant food sources of vitamin D except
lemons
a child suffering from protein deficiency develops swelling (edema) in their feet. this is an example of protein's role in
maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance
which of the following is not true about osteoporosis?
men do not develop the disease because they consume high amounts of meat protein
which of the following is true about protein intake of people in the united states?
most consume more than is needed
which of the following is found in protein but not in carbohydrate or fat?
nitrogen
there is a nutrient inadequacy with consumption of several vitamins in the US. all of the following are true about nutrient inadequacy except
nutrient inadequacy is easy to access because nutrient needs are similar between people
bone density follows what progression?
peaks in the twenties, levels off in the thirties, and is lost after forty
higher intake of which of the following minerals is associated with lowered blood pressure?
potassium
gluten is a
protein
in times of energy shortage due to inadequate carbohydrates or fats in foods, the body uses protein in what way?
uses essential and non-essential amino acids for energy
an uninformed strict vegetarian is at special risk for _______ deficiency
vitamin B12
the more animal protein you eat, the higher your intake of
vitamin B12
all of the following are fat-soluble vitamins except
vitamin C
the nutrient that can be considered both a vitamin and a hormone because it is synthesized in the skin is
vitamin D
a person's absorption of calcium varies based on
vitamin D intake
what vitamin can prevent the breakdown of phospholipids in the cell membrane that is caused by free radicals?
vitamin E
which of the following makes up about 60 percent of the body's weight?
water