Nutrition SB CH 1

When defining the word malnutrition, mal means

bad

The dietary supplement and health education act of 1994 states that

nutrient supplements and herbal products are classified as foods

A _____ _______ is a term used when discussing aspects such as heredity, lifestyle, and nutritional choices that contribute to the development of a disease

risk factor

What can help ensure nutritional adequacy in a diet?

variety and balance

Which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman?

water

3 examples of biological and psychological factors that influence food choices

Ability to perceive internal sensory information, age, ability to perceive external sensory information

Calorie

Amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 gram of water 1 degree C

The taste, smell, and texture of foods and the internal sensation la of hunger and thirst are

Biological and psychological

A____ _____ is used when measuring caloric content of a food through direct calorimetry?

Bomb calorimeter

X grams times 9

Carbohydrates kcal

Choose the nutrients that provide energy to the body

Carbohydrates, proteins, fat

What are the diseases that most often develop as a result of poor eating habits?

Certain cancers, type 2 diabetes, heart disease

A disease that takes many years to develop and has complex causes

Chronic

A child that eats macaroni and cheese and then vomits 2 hours later learns to dislike macaroni and cheese even though it did not cause the vomiting. This is an example of ____ influencing food choices

Cognitive and psychological factors

What type of training has a RDN completed?

College trained with extensive knowledge in foods and nutrition, and is trained in dietetics

A food that contains a large percentage of its calories from sugar, fat, and/or alcohol in relation to its content of micronutrients is considered an

Empty calorie food

3 marketing strategies

End of isle displays, selection of flooring material, and positioning on shelf

Food that contain a high water content tend to be low in

Energy

Describes the energy value of a food in relation to the food weight

Energy density

True or false? Nutrient adequacy is the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally

False

True or false? The FDA regulates dietary supplements as strictly as prescription medications

False

The dietary supplement and health education act of 1994 allows manufacturers to classify nutrient supplements and herbal products as

Food

The top two leading causes of death to Americans are

Heart disease and cancer

cognitive factors that influence food choices involve the

Learning process

A routine way of living that includes dietary practices and exercise habits

Lifestyle

The term used to describe the intake of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amount is a

Megadose

Which of the following are most likely to be taken as a dietary supplement

Minerals, amino acids, herb, vitamin

Malnutrition is a state issue of health that occurs when the body is improperly

Nourished

Food that has more vitamins and minerals in relation to its energy value

Nutrient dense

What term describes the amount of a nutrient that is within range of safe intake and enables the body to function properly?

Physiological dose

X grams times 4

Proteins or fat kcal

True or False? A gram of protein contains 4 Kilocalories

True

All of the following are macronutrients except

Vitamins

3 nutrients that are considered essential are

Water, glucose , linoleic acid

The FDA determines a particular supplement presents a significant or unreasonable risk or harm, _______ the product is on the market

after

How much of a nutrient needs to be consumed for it to be considered a megadose?

amount of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amount of the nutrient

How many calories are in a kilocalorie?

1000

Certain ______ diseases can be cured by eating specific nutrients, but diet is just one aspect that influences health.

deficiency

Calories are measured through a process known as

direct calorimetry

Which nutrient provides the most energy per gram?

fat

By making certain dietary changes (such as decreasing fat intake), a person may _____.

forestall the development of certain diseases, lessen the severity of a disease

kilocalorie (kcal)

heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1000 grams of water 1 degree Celsius