Nutrition SB CH 1
When defining the word malnutrition, mal means
bad
The dietary supplement and health education act of 1994 states that
nutrient supplements and herbal products are classified as foods
A _____ _______ is a term used when discussing aspects such as heredity, lifestyle, and nutritional choices that contribute to the development of a disease
risk factor
What can help ensure nutritional adequacy in a diet?
variety and balance
Which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman?
water
3 examples of biological and psychological factors that influence food choices
Ability to perceive internal sensory information, age, ability to perceive external sensory information
Calorie
Amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 gram of water 1 degree C
The taste, smell, and texture of foods and the internal sensation la of hunger and thirst are
Biological and psychological
A____ _____ is used when measuring caloric content of a food through direct calorimetry?
Bomb calorimeter
X grams times 9
Carbohydrates kcal
Choose the nutrients that provide energy to the body
Carbohydrates, proteins, fat
What are the diseases that most often develop as a result of poor eating habits?
Certain cancers, type 2 diabetes, heart disease
A disease that takes many years to develop and has complex causes
Chronic
A child that eats macaroni and cheese and then vomits 2 hours later learns to dislike macaroni and cheese even though it did not cause the vomiting. This is an example of ____ influencing food choices
Cognitive and psychological factors
What type of training has a RDN completed?
College trained with extensive knowledge in foods and nutrition, and is trained in dietetics
A food that contains a large percentage of its calories from sugar, fat, and/or alcohol in relation to its content of micronutrients is considered an
Empty calorie food
3 marketing strategies
End of isle displays, selection of flooring material, and positioning on shelf
Food that contain a high water content tend to be low in
Energy
Describes the energy value of a food in relation to the food weight
Energy density
True or false? Nutrient adequacy is the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally
False
True or false? The FDA regulates dietary supplements as strictly as prescription medications
False
The dietary supplement and health education act of 1994 allows manufacturers to classify nutrient supplements and herbal products as
Food
The top two leading causes of death to Americans are
Heart disease and cancer
cognitive factors that influence food choices involve the
Learning process
A routine way of living that includes dietary practices and exercise habits
Lifestyle
The term used to describe the intake of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amount is a
Megadose
Which of the following are most likely to be taken as a dietary supplement
Minerals, amino acids, herb, vitamin
Malnutrition is a state issue of health that occurs when the body is improperly
Nourished
Food that has more vitamins and minerals in relation to its energy value
Nutrient dense
What term describes the amount of a nutrient that is within range of safe intake and enables the body to function properly?
Physiological dose
X grams times 4
Proteins or fat kcal
True or False? A gram of protein contains 4 Kilocalories
True
All of the following are macronutrients except
Vitamins
3 nutrients that are considered essential are
Water, glucose , linoleic acid
The FDA determines a particular supplement presents a significant or unreasonable risk or harm, _______ the product is on the market
after
How much of a nutrient needs to be consumed for it to be considered a megadose?
amount of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amount of the nutrient
How many calories are in a kilocalorie?
1000
Certain ______ diseases can be cured by eating specific nutrients, but diet is just one aspect that influences health.
deficiency
Calories are measured through a process known as
direct calorimetry
Which nutrient provides the most energy per gram?
fat
By making certain dietary changes (such as decreasing fat intake), a person may _____.
forestall the development of certain diseases, lessen the severity of a disease
kilocalorie (kcal)
heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1000 grams of water 1 degree Celsius