Nutrition Therpay II FINAL: Chapter 2

At least how much protein should be provided by the diet of a patient who receives hemodialysis three times per week?

1.2 g/kg of body weight

Which kidney condition is associated with hematuria?

Nephritic syndrome

Intake of which of the following nutrients is generally decreased in the nutrition therapy of patients with ESRD?

Potassium

Which of the following can minimize the resorption effects of increased parathormone on bone calcium that occurs in renal disease?

Supplementing calcium early in the disease

The type of renal therapy that requires the patient to restrict fluid intake is

hemodialysis

A complication of intradialytic parenteral nutrition that is commonly associated with usual PN is

hypophosphatemia

Renal adaptations that permit "normal" function eventually fail, causing a progression toward ESRD because of

loss of nephrons

In children with CKD the primary goal of MNT is

normal growth and development

The most common renal stones contain calcium precipitates of

oxalate

When acute kidney injury (AKI) is caused by hypertrophy of the prostate, the ARF is classified as _____ AKI.

postrenal

The rennin-angiotensin mechanism

regulates blood pressure.

Which of the following increases the excretion of urinary calcium and uric acid?

Animal protein

Which of the following diseases is among the top three considered to cause nephrotic syndrome?

Lupus

Which of the following blood parameters is associated with uremia?

Blood urea nitrogen greater than 100 mg/dL

Which type of dialysis treatment is usually done at night?

Continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis

Which of the following foods potentially increases the acidity of urine?

Cranberries

A reduction in which of the following parameters is the first alteration that leads to the development of chronic renal failure or end-stage renal disease?

Glomerular filtration rate

Which of the following guidelines should be followed by a patient who has a history of kidney stones?

Increase fluid intake to maintain urinary output at or above 2 L per day

During which stage of chronic kidney disease does the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) recommend that a protein intake of 0.6 g/kg/day be initiated?

When the GFR falls below 25 mL/min

The primary cause of anemia that presents in chronic renal failure is

deficiency of the hormone erythropoietin.