Nutrition week 5

The AMDR for total fat in the diet is ________ of total cals.

20-35%

The major dietary component that raises LDL cholesterol is

saturated fat

Elevated LDLs in the blood increase risk for ________.

cardiovascular disease

HDLs are increased by ________.

exercise

The role of the VLDLs is to transport ________ and ________ away from the liver to the cells.

triglycerides; cholesterol

Arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are

used to manufacture hormonelike substances called eicosanoids.

The three categories of lipids are ________.

triglycerides, sterols, and phospholipids

The type of lipoprotein that carries absorbed dietary fat and other lipids through the lymph system is called

a chylomicron.

Sarah has elevated LDLs and low HDLs. What foods should she add to her diet to improve her HDL-to-LDL ratio?

Foods rich in omega 3 and plant sterols

What is the effect of trans fat on HDL and LDL cholesterol?

Decrease HDL, increase LDL

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Foods high in cholesterol but low in saturated fatty acids have a lower effect on LDL cholesterol than foods high in saturated fats.

During the formation of atherosclerosis, what occurs immediately after the artery is injured?

Immune cells are attracted to the site, prompting the inflammatory response.

Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids in the body?

Increase intestinal motility

Which statement about saturated fatty acids is TRUE?

Saturated fats have no double bonds

Which of the following is a controllable risk factor for heart disease?

Smoking and sedentary lifestyle

Omega-3 fatty acids ________.

are essential fatty acids

Which statement best describes the characteristics of a polyunsaturated fatty acid?

They tend to be liquid at room temperature.

The lipoprotein that carries triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols from the intestine via the lymphatic system is ________.

a micelle

Fatty acids are classified by

all of these

Foods rich in polyunsaturated fats are protected from oxidation by ________.

all of these

To raise the level of HDL cholesterol,

all of these

Narrowing of the coronary arteries due to buildup of debris along the artery walls is known as ________.

atherosclerosis

The hormone ________ stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder.

cholecystokinin

_______ determines the function of each lipoprotein

density

C-reactive protein (CRP) produces the ________ response and helps predict ________ onset.

inflammation, heart attack

________ break down triglycerides into a monoglyceride and two fatty acids.

lipases

The primary role of HDL is to pick up cholesterol from the body cells and return it to the _______ to be used to make bile.

liver

Which of the following foods does not contain dietary cholesterol?

peanut butter

Which of the following examples are rich in omega-3 fatty acids? (Choose the best answer.)

salmon, walnuts and flaxseed

Lipids are digested in the ________.

small intestine

Which of the following foods is rich in saturated fatty acids?

steak