Nutrition week 5
The AMDR for total fat in the diet is ________ of total cals.
20-35%
The major dietary component that raises LDL cholesterol is
saturated fat
Elevated LDLs in the blood increase risk for ________.
cardiovascular disease
HDLs are increased by ________.
exercise
The role of the VLDLs is to transport ________ and ________ away from the liver to the cells.
triglycerides; cholesterol
Arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are
used to manufacture hormonelike substances called eicosanoids.
The three categories of lipids are ________.
triglycerides, sterols, and phospholipids
The type of lipoprotein that carries absorbed dietary fat and other lipids through the lymph system is called
a chylomicron.
Sarah has elevated LDLs and low HDLs. What foods should she add to her diet to improve her HDL-to-LDL ratio?
Foods rich in omega 3 and plant sterols
What is the effect of trans fat on HDL and LDL cholesterol?
Decrease HDL, increase LDL
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
Foods high in cholesterol but low in saturated fatty acids have a lower effect on LDL cholesterol than foods high in saturated fats.
During the formation of atherosclerosis, what occurs immediately after the artery is injured?
Immune cells are attracted to the site, prompting the inflammatory response.
Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids in the body?
Increase intestinal motility
Which statement about saturated fatty acids is TRUE?
Saturated fats have no double bonds
Which of the following is a controllable risk factor for heart disease?
Smoking and sedentary lifestyle
Omega-3 fatty acids ________.
are essential fatty acids
Which statement best describes the characteristics of a polyunsaturated fatty acid?
They tend to be liquid at room temperature.
The lipoprotein that carries triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols from the intestine via the lymphatic system is ________.
a micelle
Fatty acids are classified by
all of these
Foods rich in polyunsaturated fats are protected from oxidation by ________.
all of these
To raise the level of HDL cholesterol,
all of these
Narrowing of the coronary arteries due to buildup of debris along the artery walls is known as ________.
atherosclerosis
The hormone ________ stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder.
cholecystokinin
_______ determines the function of each lipoprotein
density
C-reactive protein (CRP) produces the ________ response and helps predict ________ onset.
inflammation, heart attack
________ break down triglycerides into a monoglyceride and two fatty acids.
lipases
The primary role of HDL is to pick up cholesterol from the body cells and return it to the _______ to be used to make bile.
liver
Which of the following foods does not contain dietary cholesterol?
peanut butter
Which of the following examples are rich in omega-3 fatty acids? (Choose the best answer.)
salmon, walnuts and flaxseed
Lipids are digested in the ________.
small intestine
Which of the following foods is rich in saturated fatty acids?
steak