Nutrition WGU EAQ questions

what statement made by a pregnant patient indicates understanding of role in the diet

" poor zinc intake in pregnancy can result in coegenital malformations"

which statement is correct in regards to meeting nutrition needs during the second trimester without gaining excess weight

"In the second trimester you can meet additional kilocarlorie needs by adding a snack a day like yogurt or bananna

an adolescent asks the nurse if taking calcium supplement instead of eating and drinking sources is sufficient. Which is the best response?

"Supplemental calcium does not contribute as much to bone density as does dietary calcium."

The parent of a preschool-aged child states, "For the past 4 days, my child will eat nothing but crackers and refuses anything else that I have offered" Which is the nurses best response

"This is a normal behavior for a pre-schooled age child"

which statement is the most accurate regarding an infant who is the second percentile for weight-for-length on the World Health Organization (WHO) growth child for infant girl

"With her measurements, we need to ask more questions to identify any nutritional related problems."

which of the following statements regarding food saftey for an immunocompromised patient is correct

"be sure the saftey buttons on metal lids are activated."

which of the following statements regarding preparing , serving, and storing food needs correction

"cool hot foods to room temp before preparing."

Daily Values (DV)s are reference values that relate the nutritional information to a total daily diet of 2000 kcal which statement corresponds to the correct understanding of the percentage of DV (%DV)

%DV is how much a nutrient in a single serving of an individual packaged food or dietary supplement contributes to your daily diet

which piece of inforamtion about an infant's diet would a nurse include in the education of parents regarding their infants first year of life

- be sure not to give your infant any honey for the first 6 months - solid foods can be introduced when the extrusion reflex disapears - you should avoid foods like popcorn and grapes until your infant is older

which statement describes Clostridium botulium food poisoning

- canned foods are at high risk for contamination - Botulium spores are found in soil and may be present on harvested food - symptoms appear within 18-36 hours - Nausea, vommiting, weakness, blurred vision, and slurred speech are typical initial symptoms

why do infants require more water per unit of body weight than do adults

- infants have higher metabolic rate - larger proportional rate - greater percentage of an infant's total body weight is composed of water - more susceptible to volume depletion

which statement made by parents indicates that an infant's supply for solid food is ready to be introduced into the diet

- our infant can hold her head up on her own - whenever i am preparing her bottle she reaches for it - she weighed 8 lbs when she was born and now she weighs over 20 lbs - when I have tried to feed her solid food, she opens her mouth as I am giving it to her

which area of concern is associated with the use of agriculture pepticides

- prescense of pepticide residues on foods - the gradual leaching of these chemicals into underground ground water - increased exposure of farm workers to these chemicals - increased amounts of these chemicals necessary as insects develop tolerance

a nurse is teaching a group of expectant parents about infant nutrition. Which eduction point would the nurse make about nutritional saftey?

- supplement with vitamin D drops if breastfeeding - avoid giving water before 6 months of age - avoid giving honey to an infant younger than 12 months

which statement is accurate in regard to breast milk

- the fat content of breast milk changes from the beginning to the end of single feeding - rooting reflexes help to facilitate breast milk - composition changes to meet the needs of a developing child - can be stored a sealed plastic baby bottle liner for later use

which ph value would indicate acidic

0 4

which range is the target weight gain for all pregnant women during the first trimester

0.5 to 2.0kg

how soon after consuming contaminated food do symptoms of food borne illness appear

1 to 6 hours

What percentage of kilocalories is the max recommended intake of protein as part of whole diet?

10-35 percent

how much water is generally required for metabolism of every 1000 kcal consumed

1000 mL

what is the recommended dietary intake of calcium for a 30 year old female

1000 mg

for up to how many weeks is breastfeeding recommended

12

adolescence have an increased need for calcium to develop bone mass which calcium requirement should the nurse include in the adolescent's plan of care

1300 mg/day

An older patient with heart failure is recieving menu options and wants to reduce sodium intake. What is the recommended sodium intake?

1500 mg/day

the family of an older adult client contacts the primary care provider regarding concerns about the client's weight loss over the last 8 months. they report that the client does not need to lose weight but is trying to do so. if the client weighed 160 lbs 8 months ago, which current weight supports a diagnosis of unintentional weight loss

152

what does the food and nutrition board recommend to prevent in toddlers (1 to 3 years old)

19 g of fiber each day

which amount of vitamin B12 is recommmended as part of a vegan diet

2.4 mcg

what is the dietary reference for carbohydrates for adults

225-325g

daily recommended fluid intake for breast feeding mothers

3 to 4 L

which value represents the adequate intake of total water of a pregnant woman

3.0 L

which amount represents the adequate intake of potassium for an adult male

3.4 g

what is the total adequate intake for a man 19 or older WATER

3.7 L

which amount in micrograms (mcg) represents the daily recommended biotin

30

recommended caffeine intake for pregnant women by nurse

300 mg/day

What is the upper intake level (UL) of retinol for adults established by the dietary reference intake comittee

3000 mcg/day

max daily recommended dietary intake of magnesium for adult woman

320 mg

what is the estimated increased calorie recommendations for the lactating mother in the first 6 months of lactation

330 kcal/day

at which age does the infant change from a suckling pattern to a mature and strong suck with liquids begin a munching pattern

4-6 months

at which temperature should cold foods be kept below to prevent microbial growth

40 degrees

approx what percentage of adult peak bone mineral density is deposited during adolescence

40 percent

which age is forecasted to be the median in the United States by the year 2060

43 years

The national standards for nutrition needs for older adults are based on which estimated percentage decrease in metabolic activity during the middle or older years

5 percent

The nurse is helping a group of patients understand changes with aging. At what age do nutrient requirements change?

50 years

at approx what age are infants ready for the intro to solid foods

6 months

How many carbon atoms are attached to a medium chain fatty acid

6 to 10

recommended dietary intake of phosphurus

700 mg/day

the nurse is completing a mini nutritional assessment (MNA) on a client. how would the nurse score a client who has a moderate decrease in food consumption but no weight loss in the last 3 months; is able to fairly independently leave the home; suffers from mild dementia; has suffered the loss of a spouse one month ago; and has a body mass index BMI of 20.5

8

which range matches the energy needs of a child during the first 3 years of life

80-120 kcal / kg per day

to support rapid growth during the first 3 years of life, how many kilocalories per kilogram of body weight are required each day

80-120 kcal/kg

which Vitamin D deficiency meets the requirement of individuals who are older than 70 years

800 I/U a day

how many kilocalories are yielded when the body burns 1 g of fat

9

which percentile rank does the nurse recognize as a normal progression of growth and development for an infant who was previously in the 90th percentile for weight for length who has no medical history, and whose diet is consistent with that recorded during the last vist

90th percentile

Who establishes the recommended dietary allowances (RDAs)

A expert panel of nutritional scientists

Which piece of information does does MyPlate food guidelines use to create a personalized food plan

Age, Height, Sex, Weight

Which statement by the patient demonstrates that they understand the concept of a healthy weight range?

BMI of 24

To sustain life, the nutrients in food must perform which function in the body? Select All that apply.

Build tissue Provide Energy Regulate metabolic processes

The nurse is updating teaching material to match 2010 dietary reference DRIs which nutrient DRIs were increased to promote bone health?

Calcium and Vitamin D

When using MyPlate, participants are provided a recommendation of serving amounts from each food group. What other information can an individual expect in the recommendation?

Calorie intake

Most kilocalories from fruit come from which food category

Carbohydrates

A nurse is preparing an educational program on food labels? On what is the nutritional info on a food label based?

Daily Values

What food groups are included in the MyPlate visual pattern?

Dairy Grains Veggies

What substance would the nurse recommend the patient to use looking for nutrient dense foods

Dairy substitues

Which resource is best for determining optimal carbohydrate consumption for a young adult?

Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)

Which are the preferred reference values for evaluating diets in healthy people

Dietary reference intakes

Discipline that applies nutrition science to promote human health and treat disease

Dietetics

Which form of energy is required for involuntary functions like brain and nerve activities

Electrical energy

Which step helps to maintain energy balance in the body

Ensure the food energy intake matches body energy output as an average over time

Which recommendation promotes health by suggesting energy intake levels for maintaining body weight with specific age, sex, height, weight, and physical activity categories?

Estimated energy requirement

Which energy source provides highest energy value

Fats

An older woman is asking which special nutrient should she consume as she ages? Which nutrient or food is important to include in her menu plan?

Food fortified with vitamin B12

which statement about the classification of carbohydrates and their importance in nutrition is correct

Glucose, fructose, and galactose are all monosaccharides which are important in human nutrition

When food is not available, such as during sleep, the body draws from it's stored energy Which stored energy source is responsible for maintaining normal glucose levels during sleep

Glycogen

The nurse is assessing an older adult client admitted for assessment and treatment of unexplained weight loss. Which question would be most important for the nurse to include in the assessment to understand what may have led to unexplained weight loss

Have you had feelings of overwhelming sadness or lonliness recently

what is the most theraputic statement a nurse can make when introducing a healthy new foods into the diet of an older adult client with feeding problems

I have added a new food today

International unit of measure for energy

Joule (J)

which 2 vitamins are recognized by the American Academy of Pediatrics as potentially necessary in supplemental form for infants

K and D

When reading the fact label for a nutritional product, which expression of energy is commonly used around the world

Kilojoules

which common sugar found outside plants promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphurus

Lactose

What is the recommendation for "Choose MyPlate's 10 Tips for a Great Plate?"

Make half your grains whole grains

Which saccharide is classified as a disaccharide?

Maltose Sucrose Lactose

which resource can assist lactating mothers in finding healthy meal options that meet their nutritional requirments

My plate.gov la leche leauge special supplemental Nutritional program for women, infants, and children

Which resource provides nurses with the most current scientific and medical research nutrition available?

Nutrition Evidence Library (NEL)

when entity provides cash and commodities to supplement meals offered to congregate and home-delivered nutrition programs

Nutrition Service Incentive Program (NSIP)

Basal matabolic rate, physical activity, and lean muscle mass are included in which category of risk for obesity

Physiologic

During which stage of life does women store more fat

Pregnancy

When counseling a patient with a metabolic condition which activity would the nurse explain uses the greatest amount of energy in the body

Respiratory effort

which program is available for low income adults to help to improve nutrition by increasing their servings of fruits and veggies

Senior Farmers Market Nutritional Program

which bacteria was the cause of a recently deadly outbreak of dysentry in Japan

Shigella

which statement by a patient following nutritional counseling indicates understanding RDA for iodine

The RDA for men and women is 150 mg

Which energy requirement is known as a thermal effect of food

The energy required for the processes of digestion, absorption, and transportation of nutrients to the cells

which dietary change is important for individuals as they age to help address a declining metabolic rate

The intake of "empty calorie" foods should decrease.

which statement best describes the only real function of carbohydrates

The only real nutrient function of carbohydrates is supply of energy

which type of fatty acid is unnecessary in human nutrition and poses multiple neg health consequences

Trans

which governing body is responsible for regulating the movement of food between state lines

US food and drug Administration (FDA)

which federal department oversees food assistance programs, such as the supplemental nutritional assistance program, the school nutrition program, and the nutriton program for the elderly

United States department of agriculture (USDA)

which statement best reflects the physical changes that may lead to a need for vitamin B12 injections

VItamin B12 may not be absorbed adequetly because of decreased production and secretion of gastric hydrochloric acid

which of the following is a fat soluable vitamin

Vitamin D

an older resident of a nursing home presents to the office with symptoms that include depression and joint pain. which consideration should the nurse suspect

Vitamin D defieciency

which growth chart is recommended for plotting height, weight, and head circumference measurements on an infant boy

WHO growth chart for boys

Which provides an essential base for all metabolic processes

Water

The mother of a 6 month old infant who exclusively breastfead asks, " Do I give my baby iron fortified foods?" What is the nurses most appropriate response

Yes, your body now requires more iron

which description is the pathophysiological basis for reduced cell metabolism beginning at approx 30 years of age

a gradual loss of functional cells

which individual will have the highest intake of phytonutrients

a person who eats whole grains for breakfast daily

which criterion applies to health claims that link nutrients to risk of disease

a physician must accompany the claim and define the risk

how are electrolytes measured

according to the number of ionic charges in a solution

which factor is a cause of respiratory acidosis

accumulation of carbon dioxide

which type of transport occurs when particles move across their concentration gradient

active transport

how does the protein help to maintain pH

acts as a buffering agent

what is the effect of digesting 300 mg or more of caffiene at home

acute diuretic effect

Which area of the body provides unlimited fat storage

adipose tissue

which helps meet some of the extra energy needs required by lactation in postpartum mother

adipose tissue deposited in the mother pregnancy

which key growth period shows a rise in the levels of growth hormones and sex hormones

adolescence

a 45 year old adult who is having difficulty keeping weight off asks the nurse at the primary care providers office why it is difficult to keep weight off and stay toned despite 50 minutes of moderate intensity activity 3 times a week. which response by the nurse provides the best explanation to the client

afer age 30, cell metabolism is reduced and body composition changes, so you will need twice as much exercise

which is the safest method for introducing highly allergenic foods into the diet of infants and children

after traditional foods have been introduced

which food/nutrient can cause an adverse reaction in older adult clients taking a nonsteriodal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID)

alcohol

a nurse teaches a new mother how to safely and properly feed her infant. Which teaching point would the nurse make about safely feeding the infant formula?

allow milk to fill the nipple while feeding

how can the use of multiple medications adversely affect nutrition in older adults

alters fluid balance affect appetite inhibits absorption of nutrients

what characteristic determines the classification of a protein

amino acid content

Using the WHO growth chart for infant boys, which infant is most at risk for nutritional related problems

an 18 month boy in the second percentile

which component of human milk most accounts for breast fed mother's improved immune system functioning

antibodies

selenium functions as which component in the body

antioxident

Which dietary reference (DRI) panel was developed by the foo and nutrition board of the institute of medicine to examine the benefits of nutrition and hazards of consuming too much of a nutrient?

antioxidents trace elements folate and B vitamins

in what part of the GI tract is chyme formed

antrum

what is the most effective way that a healthcare team can advocate for an older adult who is at risk for malnutrition and eligible for nutritional assistance

assistance in the application process

which is a consequence of childhood obesity

asthma social discrimination low self esteem

which definition. matches the "light or lite" descriptive term on food products

at least one third reduction in kilocalories

the home health nurse notes a recent weight loss without any other changes in health status for an older patient. The older patient reports lack of appetite since the loss of a partner. Which rec. would the nurse make

attending meals at a senior center

which culprit is the greatest foodborne illness

bacteria

Which diet in adolescents helps achieve higher peak bone mass and linear growth

balanced diet rich in calcium containing dairy products

which diet in adolescents helps achieve higher peak bone mass and linear growth

balanced diet rich in calcium containing dairy products

which statement provides the most accurate information about metabolic changes related to aging men and women

basal metabolic rate declines for both sexes with a more rapid decline beginning earlier for men than for women

how will the majority of the caloric intake for a 5 year old child be spent

basal metabolism

which food choice provides complex carbohydrates

beans

which foods are the best source of zinc

beef, low fat milk, oysters, creamy peaunt butter

which minerals act as a buffer to maintain acid base balance

bicarbonate

for which function are eicosanoids responsible

blood clotting blood pressure regulation messenger for central nervous system inflammatory response

which description defines glycogenolysis a metabolic function of the liver

breaking down stored glycogen into individual glucose units

a 10 month old infant has been having dirrhea for the past few days. the infants parents call the health provider and ask what to give to eat or drink. the child is mostly breastfeeding along with solid foods being introduced. which food would be recommended

breast milk

which type of nutrition is most beneficial to the newborn

breast milk

which feature describes front of package labeling used by manufacturing companies

broadcasts nutritonal information includes graded summary labels such as nutri score labels and 5 color nutritional label needs to be visually easy to interpret

which mineral is essential to blood clotting

calcium

which nutrient is the preferred source of energy for the body during a child's growth spurt?

carbohydrates

which element is a basic component of a lipid

carbon oxygen hydrogen

which enzyme that is involved in the digestion of protein is responsible for attaking in the small intestine

carboxpeptidase

which condition is a food allergy that can affect normal functioning of GI tract

celiac

which carbohydrate most effeciently adds important bulk to the diet

cellulose

which statement best explains the recommendation for increased physical activity as individuals age

changes in the metabolic rate lead to lean muscle mass loss; increased physical activity can help maintain muscle mass and maintain the metabolic rate

which is the best choice for a low fat meal

chicken and rice

which group has the highest risk for malnutrition

children

which skill is negatively altered by led poisoning in children?

cognitive motor

where does intestinal gas form the GI tract

colon

which trait best indicates specific phytochemical a fruit or veggie contains

color

which program provides hot meals to people over the age of 60

congregate meals program

which meal program is most appropriate for a physically active older adult who is socieconomically stable

congregate nutritional services

which standard does the label category "organic" define

contains at least 95 % organic ingredients

what problem may occur in zinc toxicity

copper defiecency

which component of aging process may cause insomnia in an older patient

decrease in melatonin

what common condition in older adults interferes with the ability to prepare food

decreased hand function

which physiological change in older adults results in the risk for a nutritional deficiency of vitamin B12

decreased hydrorochloric acid

what is the leading cause of unintentional weight loss in the older adult client

depression

when breaking down a protein which process do the body use to maintain nitrogen

diamenation

Lactose, or milk or sugar is classified as which type of carbohydrate

diasaccharide

which statement concerning dietary fiber provides the best foundation for consumption of dietary fiber to help address constipation

dietary fiber adds bulk to fecal matter stimulating muscle action in the intestine

which physioligical change contributes to dehydration in an older adult

diminishing kidney function changes in the hypothalamus

which is the final enzyme in the protein splitting system and where is it produced

dipepdiase produced in the small intestine

which term refers to the five amino acids that the body can synthesize if the necessary building blocks and enzymes are available versus other amino acids

dispensable

On which critical action does food safety depend

do not cross contaminate refrigerate promptly cook to proper temperatures wash hands and surfaces often

which guidance can be given to pregnant client to help address heartburn associated with pregnancy

eat several small meals a day avoid eating large meals at one sitting avoid lying down immeditely after a meal

which statement best describes the relationship between dietary fiber and glucose levels

eating dietary fibers may slow the absorption of glucose in the body

which factor can contribute to malnutrion in older adults

economic insecurity social isolation decreased gastric motility

which food is the best source of phosphorous

eggs

which phospholipid has control over inflammation response, blood clotting, and blood pressure regulation and serves as a messenger for the central nervous system

eicosanoids

which factor places an infant at risk for failure to thrive

endocrine disease intestinal obstruction diluted ready to feed formula

which statement reflects an accurate understanding of sources of easily absorbed forms of folate

enriched grain and flour products and fortified cereals are great sources of easily absorbed folate

where is chloride found in the body

extracellular fluid compartments

which process involves movement of water and solutes from an across membrane with assitance from cell transporters

facillitated diffusion

an adult client began a cardiovasucalar exercise program. which macronutrient will the clients body utilize for aerobic metabolism

fat protein carbohydrate

which area of concern pertains to front package labeling

few federal regualtions for standardidation

Which is the US food and drug administation (FDA) requirement of food products

fill the container fortification of food food contains an allergen all ingredients are listed for foods with no established reference standard

what type of food is complete protein and should be included in a patients diet

fish

best description of dehydration

fluid volume deficit

which mineral accumulates in calsified tissue and protects teeth and bones from mineral loss

fluoride

which vitamin should be supplemented at least 2 months before conception to help prevent neural tube defects

folate

which US organization assists in overseeing the sales and use of genetically modified crops

food and drug administration (FDA)

which entering behavior is common in children ages 3-6

food jags

for which health issue is the older adult client who experiences a decline in taste and smell acuity at the highest risk

food-borne illness

Which food category is categorized as energy dense food

fried meat

when digestion is complete to which product are carbohydrates reduced in order to be absorbed into body

galactose

which genetic disease affects approx 1 in every 30,000-60,000 live births and can fetal brain and liver damage if not treated

galactosemia

which genetic disease causes complications for patients regardless of rigerous treatment

galatosemia

which organ stores bile

gallbladder

which toxicity symptoms might occur with an intake of Vitamin C (absorbic acid) greater than 2000mg/day

gastrointestinal disturbance

which factor governs the overall physical growth and maturity of the human body

genetic potential

a nurse discusses calcium intake with a parent at a child's well visit. Which factor is associated with peak bone mass as an adult

genetics the in utero enviroment ample supply of vitamin D before puberty

which statement reflects nutrition and growth during the adolescents years

girls store more subcutaneous fat in the abdominal area

What substance combines with fatty acids to become triglycerides

glycerol

which term is a chemical group name for fats

glyricerides

which step is performed by the US food and drug administration (FDA) to enforce food and saftey regulations

governing food aditives regulating the movement of food across state lines supervising the nutritional labeling of foods ensuring the saftey of public food service

which combo of foods will the nurse recommend to a vegan patient for a healthy protein balance

grains and legumes

which substance should be avoided when taking antihypertensive meds

grapefruit juice

signs and symptoms of selenium

hair loss joint pain nail decoloration gastroinestinal upset

what advice is most important in preventing foodborne illness

handwashing before meal s

as the nurse begins to create a care plan to assess physical changes that may impact nutrition for an older adult client, which question should the nurse include during the assessment process

have you noticed any changes in thirst has your sense of taste and smell decreased are you having difficulty chopping/preparing food

which of the following prevents exposure to listeria in pregnant women

heat to steaming all luncheon and processed meats

which protein is a vital oxygen carrier in red blood cells

hemoglobin

which statement explains why infants require more water than do adults

higher metabolic rate higher body water content larger proportional body surface area amount of fluid consumed by an infant in 1 day is 10 percent to 15 percent of its body weight

which consideration is an area of concern for a patient who is taking several commonly prescribed medications including blood pressure medication and laxatives

hip fractures dehydration drug interactions deceased drug compliance increased insurance cost

which chemical is responsible for unfolding and denaturing complex protein chains

hydrochloric acid

an adolescnet has a body mass index (BMI) of more than 30. which health concern would the nurse discuss with the adolescent and parents

hypertension type 2 diabetes hyperlipidemia

which brain structure undergoes physiological changes with aging putting older adults at risk for dehydration

hypothalamus

which part of the mother's body recieves nerve impulse when the infant sucks at the breast

hypothalamus

a new nursing assistant is helping residents in the dining room. which recommendation would be supervising nurse make to help encourage the resident to eat

identify each food being offered to the resident

what is the most effective way for a nurse to assist with the feeding of an older adult client

identify the food being served remain focused on the client

which factor contributes to poor bone health for all populations

inadequate calcium intake smoking inadequate vitamin D intake thin body frame the use of medications that alter bioavailability

which factor contributes to sarcopenia

inadequate dietary protein metabolism inadequate physical activity

before trans-fatty acids were banned by the US Food and drug admin which detrimental health effect has been associated with their consumption

increased low density (LDL) levels decreased high density HDL levels increased production of inflammatory cytokines

how can a decrease in hypothalmic function adversely affect an older adult client

increases the risk for dehydration

which is an affect of low fat's cow milk to infants younger than one year of age

insufficient lineloic acid insufficient energy to support growth requirements

when assessing the nutritional status of the older adult, which potential nutritional problem should be the nurse's priority concern

insufficient nurishment

which network of nerves extending from the esophogus to the anus is located in the GI tract

intramural nerve plexus

which is the most effective way to avoid an allergic reaction when introducing a new food

introducing a new food every 3-5 days

which mineral is essential in binding oxygen to carbon dioxide to hemoglobin during the respiratory cycle

iron

what is the most common cause of anemia in pregnancy

iron deficiency

which is a risk of a child who consumes an excessive amount of cow's milk in place of meals and snacks

iron deficiency anemia

which is a common risk for a toddler who consumes an excessive amount of cow's milk in place of meals and snacks

iron defieciency anemia

for produce, which method can be used to eliminate to reduce disease causing germ after harvest and increase shelf life without altering nutrition

irridation

which characteristic of Vit D is accurate

is measured in international units

when setting up a food assistance program for a community, which question is necessary for the nurse to consider when developing program goals to address relevance

is the goal or activity important or worth doing

what is the advantage of using mini nutritional assessment (mna) to assess the nutritional status in older adults in nursing homes

it diagnoses the risk of malnutrition

which output route is responsible for the largest amount of water exiting the body

kidneys

which description is a feature of food irridation

kills bacteria and parasites that are on food after harvest increases the shelf life of a product ensures unaltered nuttritive value of food

When reffering to body energy, which statement is associated with energy unit measurements

kilojoules are commonly used on food labels.

a defieciency of which substance causes an intolerance to milk or dairy products

lactase

A clinician is measuring an athlete's basal energy expenditure (BEE) Which factor should the clinician consider that contributes more to BEE

lean body mass

which animal food contains most protein in a cooked 3 oz. serving

lean top ground beef

what is the lipid substance produced by the liver that is a key building block of a cell

lecithin

which food source provides the most phytonutrients

legumes

which physical change of aging affects gastrointestinal functions

less vitamin absorption inadequate hydrochloric acid secretion deminished secretion of gastrointestinal motility decreased gastrointestinal activity

what food has a water content of 90 percent or higher

lettuce cantelope squash

Which nutrient provides 9 kcal of energy per gram

lipid or fats

which organ produces bile

liver

which factor most commonly contributes to depression in the older adult

lonliness poor health mortality increased cost of health care

which feature is associated with bacterial food infection caused by Escherchia coli

loose, watery stool cramping and abdominal pain low grade fever can develop hemoolytic syndrome

which change related to aging increases potential for food borne illness in the elderly population

loss of sensory acuity impaired physical coordination

a tablespoon of which has the greatest amount of trans fat

magerine

which charcteristic differentiates major minerals from trace minerals

major minerals are found in larger amounts in the body than trace minerals

which consequence is associated with obesity during childhood

metabolic syndrome asthma low self esteem polycytic ovarian syndrome

which protein comes from an animal source

milk

which class of carbohydrate is considered is considered the building blocks of all carbohydrates

monosaccharides

which statement is most accurate regarding vitamins

most vitamins are provided through dietary intake

in which location does the initial breakdown of protein into amino acids begin

mouth

where does carbohydrate digestion begin

mouth

which part of the digestive system begins the process of digesting fats

mouth

where does the breakdown of fat begin and which enzyme is involved

mouth lipase

what is the function of mucous gland that lines the esophogus

moving food towards the stomach

which gastrointestinal secretion lubricates and protects tissues that line the GI tract and help moisen the food mass

mucous

which change in a toddler most requires an adequate dietary supply of protein minerals and vitamins

muscle development

which system is sensative to vitamin D deficiency

muskoskeletal

which current requirement regarding the food label is included in the US food and drug administration standards of how food labels appear on food products

must include percentage of added sugars typical consumption reflects a serving size

a preterm infant consumes breast milk from a milk bank is exposed to which risk

necrotizing entercolitis

which change has been made to the updated nutritional facts label

no longer includes calories from fat below the total calories includes added sugar and respective daily value includes vitamin D and potassium as required nutrients on the label

which statement is most accurate concerning alcohol use during pregnancy

no safe level of alcohol use has been established for pregnant women

which description is a characteristic of unsaturated fats

not completely filled with all the hydrogen it can hold less heavy that saturated fats liquid at room temp found in saaflower, sunflower, corn, and soybean oils

an older adutl client admitted to the nursing home recieves a screening score of 7 points on the mini nutrional assessment (MNA) what is the nurses priority action

notify the health care provider

which snack food is the best source of phytonutrients

nuts

which system is affected by vitamin A defeciency

ocular

which cooking oil contains monosaturated fat

olive oil canola peanut

which statement is the most accurate regarding the introduction of solid foods to an infant's diet

one new food at a time in a small amount, amount 3-5 days apart

Which food nutrient is most nutrient dense

oranges

which term describes the movement of water molecules from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high

osmosis

by which process do protein control water balance in the body

osmotic pressure

selenium is an essential part of antioxident enzyme, protects cell membranes from what processes?

oxidative damage

... which hormone is likely inhibited during the mother's pumping sessions

oxytocin

Which B complex vitamin is essential constiute of the body's main activating agent coenzyme A

panthoenic acid

which factor influences eating habits in school aged children

parental food habits family meal practices screen time healthy food accessibility

which term refers to movement intestinal muscles that slowly push food mass forward, sometimes with long sweeping waves over the length of the entire intestine.

peristalic waves

which term refers to movement of intestinal muscles that slowly push food mass forward, sometimes with long sweeping waves over the entire length of the intestine

perstalic waves

which initial rec. would be given to a patient who is overweight with slighly elevated blood sugar noted at the last check up

physical activity

in which abosrption process in the sm intestine does the cell engulf large molecules in order to absorb them

pinocytosis

which particle is too large to pass through the walls of capillaries

plasma protein molecule

which large molecule size organic compound is resposible for maintaining integrity of blood volume by exherting collodial osmotic pressure

plasma proteins

the premature infant or small-for-gestational age infant has to overcome which challenge with feeding

poor sucking reflex small gastric capacity difficulty swallowing

an infant born 35 weeks 4 days and weighs 5lbs and 2 oz. Which characteristic of prematurity alerts the nurse that nutrition requirements will vary for this infant

poorly calcified bones absecne of suck reflex limited digestion ability lack of subcananeous fat lack of metabolic enzymes

where are amino acids absorbed

portal circulation

which stage of growth and development involves irregular periods of growth

pre schoolers toddlers school aged children

which role do carbohydrates play in the energy and growth of a child

preferred energy source

when examining the oral cavity of an elderly patient the nurse notes several missing teeth and signs of xeostomia. based on the findings, the nurse would assess for which concern

presence of predontial disease impaired nutritonal status difficulty chewing food

which purpose is served by food additives

producing uniform color in foods preserving foods by preventing oxidation enriching foods with added nutrients

which category is assigned to an infant whose birth weight, length, and head circumfrence are all at or below the 10th percentile of age and sex

proportionally small for gestational age

which macronutrient need is higher per kilogram of body weight for adults 65 years and older as a result of decreased metabolic rate and sacopenia

protein

Healthy People Initiative website focuses on which topic

quality of life

which factosrs influences an adolescent's eating pattern

rapid growth peer pressure self consciousness

fruits and veggies of which color are the best source of phytochemicals

red-purple

which food is considered nutrient empty

refined grains

which statement made by the nurse demonstrates understanding of the role of renin in the absorption of proteins

renin and calcium prevent rapid absorption of milk in infants

which recommendation would be made for a patient who scores 14 points on the mini nutritional assessment

rescreen after an illness

which food should be avoided when taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor antidepressent

salami cheese tofu

what statement about saliva is accurate

saliva contains amylase an enzyme that that begins the process of digesting starches

The nurse is helping an overweight adult with menu options. Which fats should be limited to less than 10 percent of overall kilocalories consumed?

saturated fats

in response to low pH in the deudunum which homrone stimulates the pancreatic release of bicarbobate to increase the pH in alkaline enviornment

secretin

which small intestinal movement results in progressive chopping of food mass into soft lumps mixing into gast... secretions

segmentation rings

nutrients that do not need the help of a specific protein channel to move across mucosal cell wall are transferred by which process

simple diffusion

which food option has the least amount of fat per serving

skim milk

a nurse provides nutrition and growth information to parents at 6 year old child's well visit. Which description matches this child's nutrition pattern and growth based on age?

slow and irregular physical growth is typical

in which part of the digestive tract does fat digestion largely occur

small intestine

what characterisitc of electrolytes enables them to diffuse freely across cell membranes

small size

which factor contributes to poor bone health in an older patient

smoking menopause lack of calcium

which chemical additive used in meats is used to prevent rancidty and botulism

sodium nitrate

which plant source of protein is only complete that contains all the indespensible amino acids

soy

food with highest potassium

soybeans

when attempting to meet the nutritional needs of diverse clients during pregnancy, what is the most important factor to consider

specific nutrients not specific foods are required for a successful pregnancy

which factor determines the function of proteins

structure of the protein

an older patient being seen in a community clinic noted to have a body mass (BMI) of 30. After acertaining dietary habits and income information, which program does the nurse recommend

supplemental nutritional l assistance program

a pregnant women is advised to avoid food containing high levels of mercury which food should the woman avoid completely

swordfish

what is the basic function of iodine in the body

synthesizing thyroxine

why does the body rely on frequent intake of foods rich in water-soluable vitamins

the body does not store water soluable vitamins

which statement concerning aging and the metabolic rate are accurate

the change reflects lean mass loss the change reflects loss of high metabolically active organ tissues

which statement is true regarding the tracking of foodborne illness

the estimated cases of food borne illness are extrapolutions of actual reported cases

a nurse discusses growth patterns of infants and children with a new mother. During which two stages is growth the greatest

the first 6 months of life and the onset of puberty

which statement by the nurse is most accurate regarding the interpretation of the growth chart measurement of an infant

the percentile will help us follow the infant's physical growth rate compared with that of other infant girls of her weight and length

Once an individual reaches early childhood, which best reflects the process of physical growth

the physical growth process involves the vital growth of new cells to replace old cells

which statement about metabolism and wight management in middle aged adults is accurate

there is a need for fewer kilocalories because of the declining metabolic rate

which physiological factor is relevant to feeding premature infants

there is less subcutaneous fat to maintain body temperature limited ability for digestion poorly calcified bones lack developed metabolic enzymes

fatty materials have to pass through the lymph before the bloodstream for which reason

they are not water soluable

which factor is an important consideration while formula feeding

tilt the bottle slightly elevate the baby's head pooling of milk or juice in the mouth can cause tooth decay

what is the most important role of nutrition labeling for consumers

to provide information needed to make healthy choices

which type of fat is present in foods such as margerine and considered unnecessary in human nutrition

trans fatty acid

Which is more accurate regarding an infant's expected rate of growth in the first year of life

triples birth weight and increases in length 50 percent

which is most accurate regarding an infant''s expected rate of growth in the first year of life

triples birth weight increases in length by 50 percent

which term refers to a hormone of pituitary gland that acts as a distal nephron tubule to conserve water by reabsorption and is also known as a antidiuretic at home

vassopressin

which vegetarian diet restricts the consumption of any item originating from or containing animal products

vegan

a patient states to the nurse, "I eat plenty of whole grains and fruits to prevent cardiovascular disease, so I don't need a lot of vegetables." which statement regarding the patient is accurate?

veggies should be added to obtain phytonutrients that some grains and fruit do not contain

A clinician is measuring an athlete's basal energy expenditure (BEE) before a sporting event Which method does the clinician use for high degree of accuracy

ventilated blood

after taking a health history and consulting the dietary reference intake (DRI) for a 62 year old patient, which recommendation may be indicated as a result of a decrease in gastric acid production related to the aging process

vitamin B12 supplements

the partnership of food saftey developed the "FIGHT BAC" campaign to prevent food borne illness. According to this campaign, which is a critical action for increasing food saftey

washing hands and surfaces often seperating to avoid cross contamination cooking foods to proper temps refridgerating foods promptly

which change does the US census bureau predict regarding future demographics of the US population

women will outnumber men in the eldest groups

which program will require certification of medical or nutrition risk by a healthcare professional in addition to qualifying income level

women, infants, and children program

a nurse is planning a high protein meal for a lacto-vegetarian what selction is most appropriate

yogurt

personal pychosocial growth processes through which years

young older middle

which caretenoid is found in yellow green foods is specifically associated with prevention of age related mascular degeneration

zeaxanthin

which mineral plays a key role in reproduction, optimal growth hormone and successful synaptic neurotransmission

zinc