OBGYN Ch 41 Test Review

4. Which one of the following ligaments contains the uterine blood vessels and nerves? a. Broad b. Round c. Uterosacral d. Endometrial

ANS: A The broad ligaments provide a small amount of support for the uterus and contain the uterine blood vessels and nerves.

10. The ovary produces two hormones. Estrogen is secreted by _____ whereas progesterone is secreted by the _____ a. Follicles; corpus luteum b. Secretory; proliferative c. Follicles; corpuscle d. Corpus luteum; nabothian

ANS: A The ovary produces two hormones. Estrogen is secreted by follicles, whereas the progesterone is secreted by the corpus luteum.

6. Bending forward of the fundus and body of the uterus toward the cervix is called which one of the following positions? a. Retroflexion b. Anteversion c. Anteflexion d. Retroversion

ANS: B Anteversion is the most common uterine position. The fundus and body are bent forward toward the cervix.

12. The vagina has two sources of blood supply; they are the: a. Ovarian artery and uterine artery b. Uterine artery and vaginal artery c. Internal iliac artery and vaginal artery d. Aorta and external iliac artery

ANS: B Arterial supply of the vagina is received from the vaginal and uterine arteries.

2. Which one of the following arteries sheds blood during menses? a. Radial b. Spiral c. Arcuate d. Vaginal

ANS: B Blood from the spiral arteries is shed during menses.

21. The endometrium demonstrates the "three-line" sign in which one of the following phases? a. Menstrual b. Proliferative c. Secretory d. Luteal

ANS: B In the proliferative phase the endometrium thickens and appears hypoechoic with a "three-line" (triple-line) sign

24. Abnormally heavy or long menses is termed: a. Dysmenorrheal b. Menorrhagia c. Oligomenorrhea d. Amenorrhca

ANS: B Menorrhagia is used to describe abnormally heavy or long periods and is often associated with uterine fibroids, intrauterine disease, or hormonal imbalances.

14. Which one of the following portions of the fallopian tube is the most coiled? a. Infundibulum b. Ampulla c. Isthmus d. Interstitial

ANS: B The ampulla is the longest and most coiled portion of the fallopian tube and is the area in which fertilization most often occurs.

25. Which one of the following ligaments provides support to the cervix? a. Round b. Cardinal c. Suspensory d. Ovarian

ANS: B The cervix is the only portion of the uterus that is firmly supported. It is fixed in position by the cardinal and uterosacral ligaments

8. The superficial layer of glands and stroma of the endometrium is called which one of the following? a. Zona basalis b. Zona functionalis c. Zona stromata d. Zona endometria

ANS: B The endometrium consists of two layers: the superficial functional layer (zona functionalis) and the deep basal layer (zona basalis)

9. Which one of the following structures lies above the utero-ovarian ligament, round ligament, and tubo-ovarian vessels? a. Ovary b. Fallopian tube c. Broad ligament d. Uterine artery

ANS: B The fallopian tube lies above the utero-ovarian ligament, round ligament, and tubo-ovarian vessels.

3. Which one of the following muscle groups may be in the false pelvis along the lateral sidewall of the pelvis? a. Obturator internus b. Iliopsoas c. Rectus sheath d. Psoas major

ANS: B The iliopsoas muscles descend inferiorly through the false pelvis on the pelvic sidewalls.

19. A mature follicle i s known as a ____ follicle. a. Müllerian b. Graafian c. Corpus luteal d. Stimulated

ANS: B a mature follicle is known as a Graafian follicle

16. Which one of the following statements is false? a. The ovaries are almond shaped. b. The ovaries are suspended from the anterior aspect of the broad ligaments c. The ovaries lie in the fossa d. The ovaries receive blood from the ovarian uterine arteries

ANS: B the ovary is attached at the posterior aspect of the broad ligaments

20. A mature follicle typically measures ___ cm right before ovulation. a. 1 b. 1.5 c. 2 d. 3

ANS: C A mature follicle typically measures 2 cm right before ovulation.

11. The release of an egg from the ruptured follicle is termed which one of the following? a. Menstruation b. Corpus luteum c. Ovulation d. Follicular-stimulating hormone

ANS: C Ovulation is the release of an ovum once a month by one of two ovaries

1. What is the physiologic status of prepuberty? a. Menarche b. Menopause c. Premenarche d. Postmenarche

ANS: C Premenarche is the physiologic status of prepuberty, which is the time before the onset of puberty

17. The left ovarian vein drains into which one of the following veins? a. Inferior vena cava b. Uterine c. Left renal d. External iliac

ANS: C The left ovarian vein drains into the left renal vein. The right ovarian vein drains directly into the inferior vena cava.

7. The normal size of the menarchal uterus should measure centimeters ___ (cm) long and ____ cm wide. a. 3;5 b. 2; 3 c. 8:4 d. 6; 2

ANS: C The menarchal uterus measures 8 to 10 cm long and 3 to 5 cm wide.

15. In postmenopausal patients who are not on hormone replacement therapy, an endometrial thickness less than _____ millimeters (mm) is considered benign a. 2 b. 3 c. d. 10

ANS: C The postmenopausal patient who is not taking hormone replacement therapy should have an endometrial thickness less than 5 mm.

13. The ovary receives its primary blood supply from which of the following arteries? a. Uterine b. Internal iliac c. Ovarian d. External iliac

ANS: C The primary blood supply to the ovaries is from the ovarian arteries. The ovarian arteries anastomose with the uterine artery, providing additional blood flow to the ovary.

22. The retrouterine space is also known as which one of the following? a. Anterior cul-de-sac b. Space of Retzius c. Posterior cul-de-sac d. Pouch of Dodd

ANS: C The retrouterine space is also known as the posterior cul-de-sac or pouch of Douglas.

5. Which one of the following ligaments occupies the space between the layers of another ligament and occurs in front and below the fallopian tubes? a. Broad b. Uterosacral c. Round d. Tubal

ANS: C The round ligaments are fibrous cords that occur in front of and below the fallopian tubes between the layers of the broad ligaments.

18. The ovaries are laterally supported by the which one of the following ligaments? a. Ovarian b. Broad c. Round d. Suspensory

ANS: D The ovaries are laterally supported by the suspensory (infundibulopelvic) ligaments and medially supported by the ovarian ligaments.

23. The pelvic recess between the anterior bladder wall and the pubic symphysis is which one of the following? a. Vesicouterine pouch b. Anterior cul-de-sac c. Retrouterine pouch d. Space of Retzius

ANS: D The retropubic space (space of Retzius) is located between the anterior bladder wall and the pubic symphysis.