Oceanography Ch. 5 quiz
examine the five words and or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern
precipitation
A person experiences a popping feeling in their ears during the takeoff or landing of an airplane or while driving on steep mountain roads due to changes in the ________ of the atmosphere.
pressure
which of the following causes minamate disease, a degenerative neurological disorder that causes blindness, brain damage, birth defects, paralysis, and death?
methyl mercury
petroleum in the ocean is not considered a pollutant when
natural seepage is responsible
of all the following processes which one increases the salinity of water?
evaporation
which of the following is considered the world's largest accidental oil spill?
explosion of the deepwater horizon oil-drilling platform in 2010
scientific studies have shown that fish exposed to PAHs in crude oil exhibited changes in _____ that are linked to development abnormalities
gene expression
water can pile up a short distance above a container's rim due tue
high surface tension
the two most significant human sources of oil pollution in the marine environment are
normal oil tanker/shipping operations and urban run-off
on an annual basis which of the following fluxes between reservoirs of the hydrologic cycle is the largest?
ocean to atmosphere
The two factors that are most important in determining the density of air are
temperature and water vapor content
scientists typical do not use a specific environmental bioassay to draw general conclusions about a pollutant because they
may result in data that isn't applicable to other species
The lowermost portion of the atmosphere where most weather occurs is called the
troposphere
A tropical maritime air mass is likely to be
wet and warm
Which of the following is not one of the names associated with huge rotating masses of low pressure characterized by strong winds and torrential rain?
Vortex
sea surface salinity is greatest at which of the following latitudes
25 degrees
what percent of oil that enters the ocean worldwide is caused by underwater natural oil seeps
47%
In the troposphere, air temperatures
decrease with increasing altitude
Worldwide, about ________ storms grow to named tropical cyclones status each year
100
The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extends
200 nautical miles from the coast
Earth's axis of rotation is tilted at an angle of
23.5 degrees
after the explosion of the deepwater horizon oil-drilling platform in 2010, scientists estimate the BP removed about ____ of the oil, most of it recovered directly from the well, burned at sea, or skimmed by boats.
25%
the average salinity of typical seawater is
3.5%
Storms are most common in which of the following regions?
30 to 60 degrees
The polar front occurs in which of the following regions?
60 degrees
more than ____ non-native species have been introduced in the United States
7,000
The apparent deflection of air masses to the right or left (depending on latitude) as they move from one latitude to another is called the
Hadley cell
examine the five words or phrases and dtermine the relationship among the majority of the words.
Phytoplankton
which of the following is not considered a pollutant in the marine environment
Phytoplankton
The covalent bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a water molecule form as a result of the ___
Sharing of electrons between the atoms
Which of the following is responsible for 90% of the deaths associated with hurricanes?
Storm surge
which of the following characterizes the pesticide DDT and industrial chemicals such as PCBs
all of the following are correct
which of the following hydrologic cycle reservoirs is the smallest?
atmospheric water vapor
Winds blowing out of the north toward the south in the southern hemisphere will appear to
be deflected towards the east
the toxicity of marine pollutants is evaluated through bioassays by
calculating the concentration at which 50% of the test organisms die
secondary sewage treatment is distinguished form primary sewage treatment by the
chlorination of the liquid effluent
A cold air mass moving into an area occupied by relatively warm air is called a/an
cold front
the most biologically devastating oil spills in the marine enviornment are usually a result of
collision and or sinking of oil tankers
as the salinity of seawater increases, its
density increases
Earth's breeding ground for hurricanes occurs in which of the following regions?
equatorial (0 to 5 degrees)
When ice forms from seawater, the remaining seawater will have a
higher salinity
bioremediation has been particularly effective in marine ecosystems in the clean-up of
hydrocarbons
the transfer of water between the atmosphere, the oceans, and the continents is know as the
hydrogen cycle
many of the unique properties of water are attributed to the fact that water
is a polar molecule
which of the follwoing has been proposed by scientists for the fate of the missing residual oil due to the explosion of the deepwater horizon oil-drill platform in 2010
it naturally dispersed in the water
The strength of a hurricane stems from water's
latent heat of condensation
A tropical cyclone with a wind speed of 150 km/hr. would be classified as Category ________ on the Saffir-Simpson Scale of hurricane intensity.
one
the surface tension of water is
relatively high
the states of matter in which water exists is primarily determined by
salinity
up until 1993 New York City dumped which of the following into the coastal ocean
sewage sludge
hydrogen bonds form between neighboring water molecules because of
the polarity of water molecules
A tropical cyclone with a wind speed of 190 km/hr. would be classified as Category ________ on the Saffir-Simpson Scale of hurricane intensity.
three
The oceanic climate region(s) where the majority of strong tropical cyclonic storms are produced is
tropical
the law of the sea treaty established a uniform territorial sea of _____ nautical miles
twelve
the law of the sea treaty established a exclusive economic zone of ________ nautical miles from all land within a nation, including islands
two hundred
Which of the following parcels of air would have the lowest density?
warm moist air
