OPSM 4820 Exam 3

_______________ approach depends on whether a work center is a bottleneck. b. lot-size-based scheduling e. none d. "a" and "c" a. theory of constraints (TOC) scheduling c. repetitive lots concept

a. theory of constraints (TOC) scheduling

__________, as one of methods for establishing the estimate of manufacturing time, is a time allowance for manufacturing all jobs; that is, the same lead time is added to all jobs at receipt date to calculate the due date. d. LSU a. CON c. TWK e. LWR b. SLK

a. CON

_______________ links firms in the supply chain by providing planning records that carry demand information from receiving points to supply points and returns supply information to the receiving points. e. none d. "a" and "c" c. Enterprise Resource Planning a. Distribution Requirements Planning b. Material requirements planning

a. Distribution Requirements Planning

__________ provides several ways in which manufacturing companies and their vendors can share information for the purpose of improving the timing and reliability of supplier deliveries. d. "a" and "c" c. RFID e. none b. Information system a. Internet

a. Internet

_______ , as well-known sequencing rule, is an extension of SPT in that it considers all processing time remaining until the job is completed. a. LWR (least work remaining) b. FOR (fewest operations remaining) d. ST/O (slack time per operation) c. ST (slack time) e. NQ (next queue)

a. LWR (least work remaining)

The __________ relationship is largely through information exchanged between vendor and customer, often from the back-end activities of the customer directly to the vendor's ______________ system. d. MRP, MRP e. none c. PAC, MRP b. MPC, PAC a. MPC, MPC

a. MPC, MPC

In an ____________ system, each shop order would be a scheduled receipt for the part. As such, the scheduled receipt has a due date. c. JIT d. MPC e. TOC b. ERP a. MRP

a. MRP

Feedback from _______ should provide early warning and status information to other MPC modules. c. ERP a. PAC e. MPC d. JIT b. MRP

a. PAC

The choice of objectives for ___________ reflects the firm's position vis-à-vis its competitors, customers, and vendors. e. JIT d. MRP b. APC a. PAC c. MPC

a. PAC

The primary __________ objective is managing the materials flow to meet _________ plans. a. PAC, MPC b. MPC, PAC c. PAC, MRP d. MRP, PAC e. none

a. PAC, MPC

Regarding _______ , as well-known sequencing rule, pick any job in the queue with equal probability. This rule is often used as a benchmark for other rules. c. SPT (shortest processing time) d. EDD (earliest due date) a. R (random) b. FCFS (first come/first served e. CR (critical ratio)

a. R (random)

__________ scheduling provides improved performance by focusing on the constraining resources. b. MRP a. TOC c. ERP e. MPC d. JIT

a. TOC

Any resource whose capacity is equal to or less than the required demand is referred to as a _____________ . d. "a" and "c" a. bottleneck c. constraint e. none b. limited

a. bottleneck

TOC scheduling systems focus on the identification of ____________, and their scheduling. a. bottleneck c. resource b. constraint e. none d. "a" and "c"

a. bottleneck

It is important to determine the objective(s) to be achieved in scheduling before selecting a scheduling approach since ____________________. d. different approaches have different costs. e. "a" and "c" b. different approaches provide different solutions. a. different approaches provide different results. c. different approaches have different constraints..

a. different approaches provide different results.

______________ , as one of major element for controlling work flow, determines which job to do next at a work center. c. work center selection b. degree of central control a. dispatching e. none d. scheduler

a. dispatching

___________ deal with the dynamic problem, rather than the static problem. Randomness in inter-arrival and service times are considered, and steady state results are provided for average flow time, average work-in-process, expected work center utilization, and average waiting time. a. dispatching approaches b. schedule approaches d. "a" and "c" c. inventory approaches e. none

a. dispatching approaches

The scheduling approach used in TOC systems is called ______________ . a. drum-buffer-rope d. "a" and "c" e. none b. TOC scheduling c. nondrum

a. drum-buffer-rope

___________ is introduced in scheduling through alternative routing, adjustments in labor assignments, the use of transfer batches, and overlap scheduling. Great improvements in manufacturing performance can be gained through scheduling flexibility. a. flexibility b. sequencing d. "a" and "c" c. agility e. none

a. flexibility

Transparent records and consistent processing logic should be used to ___________ the system. d. "a" and "c" b. improve c. build e. none a. integrate

a. integrate

______________ depends on transaction processing routines and discipline. Procedures for quick and accurate reporting of shipments to customers, allocations to customers, returns, adjustments, receipts, and the like must all be in place. e. none c. ordering accuracy d. production a. inventory accuracy b. demand accuracy

a. inventory accuracy

_____________ equals the sum of all setup and run times for any sequence of jobs. d. MRP c. schedule a. make-span e. none b. inventory

a. make-span

The ______________ should be consistent with the supply chain being managed. e. none b. inventory c. demand d. "a" and "c" a. organization form

a. organization form

_______________ has led to scheduling systems that use variable operation lot sizes. e. none b. lot-size-based scheduling d. "a" and "c" a. repetitive lots concept c. theory of constraints (TOC) scheduling

a. repetitive lots concept

We can define a _____________ as a plan with reference to the sequence of time allocated for and operations necessary to complete an item. c. ERP d. JIT b. MRP a. schedule e. none

a. schedule

Whenever forecast information is used as the requirements and a timephased MRP approach is used to develop planned shipments, it's called ______________ . d. material requirements planning c. distribution Requirements Planning b. vendor-managed inventory a. time-phased order point (TPOP) e. master production scheduler

a. time-phased order point (TPOP)

Quantity that moves from operation to operation is called __________ . a. transfer batch c. batch d. "a" and "c" b. process batch e. none

a. transfer batch

Under ________________ , the replenishment of our products in inventory at customers' locations would be under our control. e. "a" and "c" a. vendor-managed inventory b. distribution requirements planning d. enterprise resource planning c. material requirements planning

a. vendor-managed inventory

_____________ help flag inadequacies in material and capacity plans e. none d. "a" and "b" c. feedback a. warning signals b. status information

a. warning signals

Regarding _______ , as well-known sequencing rule, sometimes is deemed to be "fair" in that jobs are processed in the order they arrive at the work center. e. CR (critical ratio) b. FCFS (first come/first served) d. EDD (earliest due date) a. R (random) c. SPT (shortest processing time)

b. FCFS (first come/first served)

_______ , as well-known sequencing rule, is another SPT variant that considers the number of successive operations. e. NQ (next queue) a. LWR (least work remaining) b. FOR (fewest operations remaining) c. ST (slack time) d. ST/O (slack time per operation)

b. FOR (fewest operations remaining)

As firms improve ____________ systems either through more comprehensive approaches (e.g., DRP) or through such enhancements as JIT, emphasis shifts from material control to material velocity. d. TOD c. ERP b. MPC a. MRP e. EPQ

b. MPC

In a comprehensive _________ system with DRP, linkages across functional boundaries are encouraged; but organizational support and evaluation measures need to be established that will minimize sub optimization of overall enterprise goals. c. ERP d. TOD e. EPQ b. MPC a. MRP

b. MPC

Local information on demand patterns should be incorporated into the DRP record at a warehouse and/or the customers' __________ system data should be used at a customer location. a. MRP d. TOD b. MPC e. EPQ c. ERP

b. MPC

__________, as one of methods for establishing the estimate of manufacturing time, is a time allowance that provides an equal (constant) waiting time for all jobs; that is, the due date is set equal to the receipt date plus the sum of all processing times, plus a fixed additional slack time. a. CON b. SLK d. LSU c. TWK e. LWR

b. SLK

A key issue in forecast data integrity for DRP systems is use of ____________ , which are thereafter broken down into detailed forecasts. d. "a" and "c" e. none c. prediction methods b. aggregate forecasts a. information system

b. aggregate forecasts

The concept of a bottleneck has been generalized into ____________, which include marketplace constraints. a. bottleneck c. resource b. constraint e. none d. "a" and "c"

b. constraint

______________ , as one of major element for controlling work flow, determines when a person is available for transfer to another work center b. degree of central control e. none c. work center selection a. dispatching d. scheduler

b. degree of central control

Key to implementing an MPC system with _____________ , regardless of the organizational form, is developing planners. a. vendor-managed inventory c. material requirements planning b. distribution requirements planning d. enterprise resource planning e. "a" and "c"

b. distribution requirements planning

The top-level records for a ____________ system should cover items in a location as close to the customer as possible (or even at the customer, if feasible). d. enterprise resource planning b. distribution requirements planning a. vendor-managed inventory e. "a" and "c" c. material requirements planning

b. distribution requirements planning

____________ collects detailed information in the field and summarizes it so MPC decisions can respond to overall company needs. ___________ permits evaluation of current conditions to determine if manufacturing priorities should be revised. a. vendor-managed inventory d. enterprise resource planning e. "a" and "c" c. material requirements planning b. distribution requirements planning

b. distribution requirements planning

______________ demand requires close control of supply as well as data on demand. c. meeting b. matching supply to d. "a" and "c" e. none a. predicting

b. matching supply to

____________ is more complex when records for items are at customer locations (e.g., a large hospital). c. supplying d. "a" and "c" a. ordering b. monitoring e. none

b. monitoring

________________ determine which job to run next at a work center in production activity control techniques. d. "a" and "c" c. bar charts e. none a. gantt charts b. priority sequencing rules

b. priority sequencing rules

the total lot size released to the shop is called _____________ . b. process batch a. transfer batch e. none c. batch d. "a" and "c"

b. process batch

Reducing ________ means shorter lead time and, therefore, reduced work-in-process inventory. a. demand d. "a" and "c" e. none c. inventory b. queue time

b. queue time

In buffers classes, __________ includes the orders that are scheduled next on the constraint. b. red zone e. none d. "a" and "c" a. yellow zone c. green zone

b. red zone

Due date filtering procedures should be used to diminish _____________ . d. WIP b. shop-floor nervousness c. extra inventory a. Bottleneck e. none

b. shop-floor nervousness

The shortest processing time sequencing rule can produce effective performance and should be considered as a standard in designing _____________. c. production systems e. none a. inventory systems b. shop-floor systems d. "a" and "c"

b. shop-floor systems

_____________ includes where things are, notification of operational completions, count verifications, order closeout and disposition, and accounting data. c. feedback b. status information d. "a" and "b" a. warning signals e. none

b. status information

In many plants the management of the buffers is the responsibility of a shop-floor scheduling person designated as _______ . a. the buffer manager d. "a" and "c" e. none c. the buffer optimizer . the buffer coordinator

b. the buffer coordinator

An alternative for stabilizing the information is _____________ . This approach assumes forecasts are unbiased or accurate on the average. This means any unsold forecast in one period will be made up for in a subsequent period, or any sales exceeding forecast now will reduce sales in a subsequent period. b. the error add back method d. "a" and "c" a. the balancing method e. none c. the data smoothing method

b. the error add back method

Formal systems for shop-floor control are largely unnecessary under ______. Release of orders is still part of PAC, but the typical "shop order" with associated paperwork isn't maintained. e. PAC d. MPC b. ERP c. JIT a. MRP

c. JIT

Vendor scheduling under __________ can be a bit more complex than shop-floor control, but if the relationship with the vendors is good, differences are very small. e. PAC b. ERP c. JIT a. MRP d. MPC

c. JIT

_______ , as well-known sequencing rule, tends to reduce work-in-process inventory, average job completion (flow) time, and average job lateness. e. CR (critical ratio) b. FCFS (first come/first served) c. SPT (shortest processing time) d. EDD (earliest due date) a. R (random)

c. SPT (shortest processing time)

_______ , as well-known sequencing rule, a variant of EDD that subtracts the sum of setup and processing times from time remaining until the due date. The resulting value is called "slack." Jobs are run in order of the smallest amount of slack. c. ST (slack time) d. ST/O (slack time per operation) b. FOR (fewest operations remaining) e. NQ (next queue) a. LWR (least work remaining)

c. ST (slack time)

__________, as one of methods for establishing the estimate of manufacturing time, is a time for waiting that has slack proportional; that is, lead time to be added to the receipt date is a multiple of the sum of all processing times. a. CON e. LWR c. TWK b. SLK d. LSU

c. TWK

Distribution requirements planning will continue to _____________ as though the reduced demand will be made up in the future. This means forecasts must be carefully monitored and changed when necessary so the procedure can be started again. d. "a" and "c" e. none b. order c. build inventory a. sell

c. build inventory

On a daily basis, disbursals for actual customer demand, receipts of inventory, and other transactions are processed. These transactions are used to periodically update the ____________ records. c. distribution requirements planning e. master production scheduler d. material requirements planning a. time-phased order point (TPOP) b. vendor-managed inventory

c. distribution requirements planning

Once DRP records are established for the field warehouses, information on planned shipments is passed through the distribution centers (if any) to the central facility. This process is sometimes referred to as ____________. e. explosion b. linking d. record c. implosion a. demand

c. implosion

Projections of future requirements should be used to decide ___________ in periods of short supply. c. inventory allocation d. "a" and "c" a. demand b. order e. none

c. inventory allocation

Any resource whose capacity is more than the demand is called a __________. e. none a. drum-buffer-rope b. TOC scheduling c. nondrum d. "a" and "c"

c. nondrum

In purchasing, ____________ is seen as a professional activity where information networks, relationships, terms, and conditions are established with vendor companies outside of production activity control, while release of individual orders and follow-up activities are a part of production activity control. a. warehousing b. inventory c. procurement d. "a" and "b" e. none

c. procurement

________ permits the original order quantities released to the shop for manufacturing to be split into smaller transfer batches that can flow immediately to the next operation prior to the operation's completion at its current work center. d. "a" and "c" b. lot-size-based scheduling e. none a. theory of constraints (TOC) scheduling c. repetitive lots concept

c. repetitive lots concept

Setting and managing due dates is an important __________ activity. a. production d. sequencing b. inventory c. scheduling e. none

c. scheduling

Demand for a product at a location is dropping for some reason, _________ should be reduced. This means any available inventory or in transit stock will cover a longer time period; as a result, the first planned shipment will be several periods in the future. c. the forecast a. the inventory e. none d. "a" and "c" b. the order

c. the forecast

__________ should be based on integrated records of the system. a. selling d. "a" and "c" c. what-if analysis b. inventory e. none

c. what-if analysis

______________ , as one of major element for controlling work flow, determines the work center to which an available person is to be assigned d. scheduler c. work center selection a. dispatching b. degree of central control e. none

c. work center selection

Distribution requirements planning provides the means for carrying __________ at any location in the system. b. WIP c. safety stocks d. "a" and "c" a. inventories e. none

d. "a" and "c"

In buffers classes, __________ includes the orders that are the furthest out in the drum schedule. c. green zone a. yellow zone b. red zone e. none d. "a" and "c"

d. "a" and "c" - Yellow Zone - Green Zone

__________ show a schedule in production activity control techniques. c. bar charts b. priority sequencing rules d. "a" and "c" e. none a. gantt charts

d. "a" and "c" - gantt charts - bar charts

_______ , as well-known sequencing rule, works well for criteria associated with job lateness. c. SPT (shortest processing time) a. R (random) e. CR (critical ratio) d. EDD (earliest due date) b. FCFS (first come/first served)

d. EDD (earliest due date)

Customer demands are managed in the vendor's plant with its _____________ system. e. TOC c. JIT a. MRP b. ERP d. MPC

d. MPC

Theory of constraints (TOC) scheduling systems were viewed as a replacement of an integrated MPC system. b. ERP a. MRP e. TOC d. MPC c. JIT

d. MPC

________ management organizations are responsible for all aspects of materials, from purchasing to final distribution to the customers. a. Demand e. Supplier d. Materials b. Inventory c. Sells

d. Materials

Responsibilities of include determining what to make and when, when to take delivery of raw materials, how much to allocate to field locations, and how to relieve short-term materials problems. e. Supplier management d. Materials management b. Inventory management c. Sells management a. Demand management

d. Materials management

____________________ concerns execution of material plans. a. ERP b. MRP c. MPC d. PAC e. "a" and "d"

d. PAC

____________ also performs well on the criterion of minimizing the average number of jobs in the system. d. SPT a. make-span b. inventory c. schedule e. none

d. SPT

_______ , as well-known sequencing rule, a variant of ST that divides the slack time by the number of remaining operations, again sequencing jobs in order of the smallest value first. e. NQ (next queue) a. LWR (least work remaining) b. FOR (fewest operations remaining) c. ST (slack time) d. ST/O (slack time per operation)

d. ST/O (slack time per operation)

_________ is an approach to shop-floor control. b. priority sequencing rules c. theory of constraints scheduling a. gantt charts d. all e. none

d. all - gantt charts - theory of constraints scheduling - priority sequencing rules

Data and performance measurement systems should be put in place to monitor ____________ in the field. d. forecast adjustments a. predicting e. "a" and "d" b. matching supply to c. meeting

d. forecast adjustments

______________ impact(s) objectives of organization so that increase(s) inventory, customer service, and total costs. a. High customer service d. Reduce inventories b. Low transportation costs c. Fast deliveries e. "a" and "c"

e. "a" and "c"

_______ , as well-known sequencing rule, is widely used in practice. Calculate the priority index using (due date-current time)/(lead time remaining). e. CR (critical ratio) b. FCFS (first come/first served a. R (random) d. EDD (earliest due date) c. SPT (shortest processing time)

e. CR (critical ratio)

_______ , as well-known sequencing rule, picks the job that minimizes changeover time on the machine. In this way, capacity utilization is maximized. Note this rule explicitly recognizes dependencies between setup times and job sequence. b. FOR (fewest operations remaining) e. LSU (least setup) c. ST (slack time) a. LWR (least work remaining) d. ST/O (slack time per operation)

e. LSU (least setup)

_______ , as well-known sequencing rule, is based on machine utilization. The idea is to consider queues at each of the succeeding work centers to which the jobs will go and to select the job for processing that's going to the smallest queue (measured either in hours or perhaps in jobs). e. NQ (next queue) d. ST/O (slack time per operation) b. FOR (fewest operations remaining) a. LWR (least work remaining) c. ST (slack time)

e. NQ (next queue)

The objective of __________ scheduling is to maximize throughput. e. TOC d. MPC c. JIT b. ERP a. MRP

e. TOC

________ is a decision rule that resemble sequencing rules. e. all d. The most jobs in the queue. a. The job that was first at the current work center, first-come/first-served (FCFS). b. The job that was first in the shop, first-in-system/first-served (FISFS). c. The shortest job.

e. all

A primary task at the central facility is to create the _______________. e. master production scheduler a. time-phased order point (TPOP) d. material requirements planning c. distribution Requirements Planning b. vendor-managed inventory

e. master production scheduler

The ___________ states when manufacturing is to have the product completed and available for shipment to the field warehouses. d. material requirements planning a. time-phased order point (TPOP) e. master production scheduler c. distribution requirements planning b. vendor-managed inventory

e. master production scheduler

Uncertainty filters, like firm planned orders or error addback, should be available to the __________ . c. Distribution Requirements Planning d. Material requirements planning e. master production scheduler a. time-phased order point (TPOP) b. vendor-managed inventory

e. master production scheduler