org comm midterm

Principles of Organizational Reward

-Renumeration of personnel -Equity -Tenure stability

Constitutive Model (model of models)

-Rhetorical -Semiotic (signs & symbols) -Phenomenological -Cybernetic -Sociopsychological (expression, interaction, influence) -Sociocultural -Critical

Traditional Elements of Organizations

-Social collectivity -Organizational and individual goals -Coordination of activities -Organizational structure -Organizational embeddedness

Principles of Organizational Attitude

-Subordination of individual interest to general interest -Initiative -Espirt de corps (all for one & one for all)

Currently, we are functioning in an economy that is primarily made up of the manufacturing and selling of physical goods

False, golbalization- outsourcing, multi-national or international presence, complex interconnections between business, political and cultural systems

In a cybernetic system, enactment serves to maintain the system goal

False, Mechanisms

Weber believed that all bureaucracies should resemble open systems

False, closed systems

Organizational communication today can primarily be characterized by the S-M-C-R model (the transmission model) of communication

False, constitutive model

The systems approach is prescriptive-it tells organizations "how to function."

False, discriptive- how we should study organizations

Hierarchical ordering is a systems principle that implies that the functioning of one component of the system relies on other components of the system

False, interdepedence

The "New Science" systems theory is founded on the notion that all systems in nature and society are like those described by classical physics

False, not all systems

Fayol's Elements of Management provide an accurate description of what managers actually do on the job

False, provide the "what" and "how"

Systematic soldiering was Taylor's way of breaking up the social interaction in the work groups that often led to slow production

False, selection process for specific jobs

Terrorist organizations are not true organizations

False, true organizations

In Weick's view of organizing, responding to highly equivocal information requires the use of assembly rules

False, use of communication cycles

Today's organizations are not characterized by any of the components of classical organizational theory

False; military, universities, fast food industry have components of classical organizational theory

The machine metaphor includes the characteristics of standardization, specialization, predictability and reliability

False; not reliablility but replacibility

Holism is a property of systems that suggests that a system is more than the sum of its parts

True

Negative feedback is deviation-reducing in that in encourages the system to return to a steady state

True

Network participants who connect disparate groups within the network without membership in either group fulfill the role of liaison

True

Four terms used to describe the machine metaphor

specialization, standardization, replaceability and predictability

A term used to describe when workers under classical management would engage in a practice of discouraging one another from working harder

systematic soldiering

Classical scholars assume workers work. Human Relations scholars assume workers feel. Human Resources scholars assume

worker's work, feel, and think

what is hegemony

"Manufactured consent"

Principles of Management ("How") - Fayol

-Principles of organizational Structure -Power -Reward -Attitude

Fayol's Theory of Classical Management (blueprint)

-An effective organization is highly structured and each individual knows where he or she fits -Clear structures and clear rules -Prescriptive

Principles of Organizational Power

-Centralization -Authority and responsibility -Discipline

Climate Change debate

-Global warming vs. Larger weather patterns -The relationship between "the organization" and "the environment" -Organizations communicating "green" contributions

Theories of the Classical Approaches

-Henri Fayol's Theory of Classical Management -Max Weber's Theory of Bureaucracy -Fredrick Taylor's Theory of Scientific Management

Modern Elements of Organizations

-NPO's and NGO's -Service organizations -Cooperatives -Virtual organizations -Social organizations -Diversity -Irrationality (analogical)

Globalization

-Outsourcing -Multinational or international presence -Complex interconnections between business, political, & cultural systems

Elements of Management ("What") - Fayol

-Planning -Organizing -Command -Coordination -Control

Terrorism

-Post 9/11 organizational environment -Terrorist networks & operations -Military organizations -Government entities (i.e. Homeland Security)

changing population (demographics)

1990: 9% Hispanic, 12.1% Black. 2000: 12.5% Hispanic, 12.3% Black. 1970: 40.3% of households consisted of married couples with their own children; 2000: 24.1%. 1930: 5.4% of population 65 or older. 2000: 12.4% of population 65 or older. 2050: >20% of population 65 or older

What is Theory of Concertive Control

Control, identification, discipline

Values, Heroes, Rites and Rituals, Cultural Networks

Deal and Kennedy's "Strong Culture"

hierarchical ordering

Embeddedness

People alter their behavior when being observed

Hawthorne effect

the classical scholar who is known as the "father of beaucracy"

Max Weber

A systems theory that argues organizational systems are complex and adaptive systems that emerge from disorder

New Science Systems Theory, Chaos Theory, Complexity Theory, or Self-Organizing Systems Theory

These management gurus constructed prescriptions for managerial practice through this model

Peters and Watermans "Excellent Cultures"

Traditional Elements of Communication

Sender -> Message -> Channel -> Receiver (manager) -> (overtime) -> (email) -> (employees)

This type of manager assumes that workers are highly motivated to satisfy achievement and self-actualization needs

Theory Y manager

Communication in classical organizations is highly formal and standardized

True

The relational tradition of network analysis was a response to the fact that the organizational chart was not the best representation of communication flow within an organization

True

The three concepts that characterize systems components include interdependence, hierarchicalordering and permeability

True

There are many organizational types in today's economy such as social organizations, NPOs, NGOs and cooperatives, creating an additional complexity to our modern organizational society

True

What are political frames of reference

Unitary, pluralist, radical

According to Schein's model, these are taken for granted, invisible and preconscious suppositions

basic assumptions or what is level three

This chapter assumes which approach to researching organizational culture? (Hint - "ought to" vs. explanatory)

both prescriptive and descriptive approaches or just both

Karl Weick Charges that we use these in highly equivocal communication scenarios, according to his theory of sensemaking

communication cylcles

This Theory depends heavily on organizational feedback

cybernetic systems theory

This chapter assumes which approach to researching organizational structures

discriptive

Chosen method for many organizational scholars studying culture

ethnography

An organizational way of thinking about Maslow's concept of "self-actualization"

innovation

The metaphor is used to describe classical forms of organizing

machine

This metaphor describes the systems approaches

organism

The content, direction, medium and style of communication from a classical perspective

task, vertical-downward, written and formal communication

According to Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid, all managers should adopt this form of leadership

team management

what are approaches to power

traditional, symbological, radical