Organizational Behavior & Human Resources (Organization Design & Effectiveness; Kinicki Chapter 15)

"The ________ ____ _____________ principle specifies that each employee should report to only one manager".

unity of command

"The ___________ structure is one whose members are geographically apart, usually working with e-mail and other forms of information technology but that generally appears to customers as a single, unified organization with a real physical location".

virtual

"____________________ decision making occurs when key decisions are made by top management".

Centralized

"______________________ decision making occurs when important decisions are made by middle- and lower-level managers".

Decentralized

True or False: A wide span of control lead to "tall, hierarchical" organizations and a "narrow" span of control leads to "flat" organizations.

False

What are the 4 perspectives underlying the balanced scorecard?

Financial; Customer; Internal Business Process; Learning and Growth

What are the 5 organizational subsystems?

Goals/Values; Technical; Psychosocial; Structural; Managerial

"_____________ ____________, aka 'scanning', is the process through which an organization obtains information from internal and external sources".

Information Acquisition

What are the 5 subprocesses in the Organizational Learning Process Model?

Information Acquisition; Information Distribution; Information Interpretation; Knowledge Integration; Organizational Memory

"______________ ____________ consists of the processes or systems that people, groups, or organizational units use to share information among themselves".

Information Distribution

"_____________ _____________ is all about making sense of the information organization have acquired and distributed".

Information Interpretation

"______________ is the creation of something new that makes money; it finds a pathway to the consumer".

Innovation

"______________ _____________ occurs when information is shared and accumulated across different parts of an organization".

Knowledge Integration

"______ ____________ generally have the authority to make decisions for their unit".

Line Managers

"_________________ organizations are rigid bureaucracies with strict rules, narrowly defined tasks, top-down communication, and centralized decision making".

Mechanistic

"_______________ organizations are flexible networks of multitalented individuals who perform a variety of tasks".

Organic

"______________ ___________ is stored organizational knowledge that is to be used in the future".

Organizational Memory

"__________________ _________ sets the structures of accountability and responsibility used to develop and implement strategies, and the human resource practices and information and business processes that activate those structures".

Organizational design

"_________ ___ __________ describes the number of people reporting directly to a given manager".

Span of Control

"_______ _________ do background research and pride technical advice and recommendations to their line managers".

Staff Employees

True or False: The Unity of Command Principle was out in place to avoid conflict between manager orders, inefficiency, and lack of personal accountability.

True

"A(n) ______________ organization is one in which management has largely succeeded in breaking down barriers between internal levels, job functions, and departments, as well as reducing external barriers between the association [organization] and those with whom it does business".

boundaryless

A(n) (open/closed) system is a self-sufficient entity, and a(n) (open/closed) system depends on constant interaction with the environment for survival.

closed; open

"According to the ____________ approach to organization design, organizations tend to be more effective when they are structured to fit the demands of the situation, and when the structure is aligned with internal activities and action of the organization".

contingency

"The _______________ structure is one in which employees are segregated into organization groups based on industries, products or services, customers or clients, or geographic regions".

divisional

"The _____________ structure groups people according to the business functions they perform-- for example: manufacturing, marketing, and finance".

functional

"The ___________ structure, also know as a 'network structure', is designed around a central core of key functions and outsources other functions to outside companies or individuals who can do them cheaper and faster".

hollow

"The _____________ structure is one in which teams or work groups, either temporary or permanent, are created to improve collaboration and work on common projects".

horizontal

"A(n) ____________ ___________ is a coherent set of interdependent processes and structures that dictates how the company searches for novel problems and solutions, synthesizes ideas into a business concept and product designs, and selects which projects get funded".

innovation system

"A(n) ____________ organization proactively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge and changes its behavior on the basis of new knowledge and insights".

learning

"The ____________ structure combines a vertical structure with an equally strong horizontal overlay".

matrix

"The ______________ structure is one in which the company assembles product parts, components, or modules provided by external contractors".

modular

"A(n) ____________ ______________ is a change in the appearance or functionality/performance of a product or a service or the creation of a new one".

product innovation

"A(n) ___________ is a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more persons".

organization

"A(n) ___________ _____________ is a change in the way a product or a service is conceived, manufactured, or distributed".

process innovation

"A(n) ____________ _______ is a visual representation of a company's critical objectives and the crucial relationships among them that drive organizational performance".

strategy map