OSI Model
HDLC (High-Level Data Link Control)
A bit-oriented synchronous data link layer protocol used almost exclusively to connect one device to another, developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
WWW (World Wide Web)
A communications protocol that allows multimedia information to be accessed and transmitted via the Internet.
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)
A key protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite that provides error messages and the ability to query other devices
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
A protocol for uploading and downloading files to and from a remote host. Also accomodates basic file management tasks.
Apple Talk
A routable network protocol supported by Apple Macintosh computers.
TELNET
Provides a virtual terminal or remote login across the network that is connection-based. The remote server must be running a Telnet service for clients to connect.
RAM (Random Access Memory)
Temporary memory that stores running programs and controls the speed of device depending on amount of usage.
IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange)
The OSI-model Network layer protocol in the IPX/SPX protocol stack.
Presentation Layer
This layer deals with character encoding and application encryption, and is often combined with the application layer.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
protocol within TCP/IP that is resposible for establishing a data connection between two hosts and breaking data into packets
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
A connectionless datagram service in the TCP/IP suite that is unreliable in terms of delivery, and is typically used in applications where quality can be sacrificed for speed
IGRP (Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)
A distance vector interior routing protocol (IGP) developed by Cisco. It is used by routers to exchange routing data within an autonomous system. IGRP is a proprietary protocol.
MOV
A file format used for Apple QuickTime Movie files.
TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)
A file transfer protocol that does not have the security or error checking of FTP. It uses UDP as a transport protocol and therefore is connectionless.
Simplex
A system that allows only one-at-a-time communication. The transmission cannot be interrupted; both operators use the same frequency.
MAC (Media Access Control)
A unique code assigned to every piece of hardware that connects to the internet, issued by the manufacturer.
Full Duplex
Allows data transmission from multiple sources simultaniously.
Transport Layer
Also known as the "post office" layer, this layer deals with TCP and UDP.
Network Layer
Also known as the "routing" layer, this layer deals with the IP protocol and IP fragmentation, allowing for larger packets to traverse through any network that cannot handle that packet size all at once.
Data Link Layer
Also known as the "switching" layer, this layer uses the basic network "language" and works with DLC protocols to control the link.
An electronic message that travels over the network between two email addresses.
IPv6
An extended scheme of IP addresses, using 128-bit IP addresses, that allows for more IP addresses than current system, IPv4, which uses 32-bit IP addresses.
IPv4
An older version of IPv, only able to hold 32-bit IP addresses.
Windows
An operating system by Microsoft that incorporates a user-friendly, graphical interface.
NFS (Network File System)
Any computer file system that supports sharing of files, printers and other resources as persistent storage over a computer network.
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
Compressed, lossy file for raster data.
EIA/TIA-232
Could not find definition
Half Duplex
Data transmission from only one source at a time.
DNS (Domain Name System)
Distributed naming system for computers, services, or any resources connected to the internet to a private network. It translates domain names meaningful to users to the numerical IP addresses needed for the purpose of locating computer services and devices worldwide.
OSI Model (Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model)
OSI Reference Model is a definition for layered communications and computer network protocol design. The OSI model divides the network architecture into seven layers starting from the bottom up: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation and Application Layers.
LLC (Logical Link Control)
Provides multiplexing and flow control mechanisms that make it possible for several network protocols (IP, IPX) to coexist within a multipoint network and to be transported over the same network media.
Physical Layer
The first layer of the OSI Model that handles the physical wiring and cables, along with electrical signals.
Application Layer
The layer the user interacts with in the OSI Model
IP (Internet Protocol)
The primary protocol in the Internet Layer of the Internet Protocol Suite and has the task of delivering datagrams (packets) from the source host to the destination host solely based on their addresses.
SQL (Structured Query Language)
The standard language for relational database management systems.
Session Layer
This layer deals with communication management, keeping communication between IP addresses from failing.