P

T cells or B cells that are capable of responding to a specific antigen by binding to it with antigen-specific receptors that appear on the lymphocyte's surface are considered _________ A)immunocompetent B) self-tolerant D) complement D. Clones

immunocompetent

A hormone called __________ is believed to play an important role in establishing the body's day-night cycle.

melatonin

The ________ duct drains lymph from the right arm and the right side of the head and thorax. A. Sunclavian B. Right lymphatic C. Thoracic

right lymphatic

Veins draining the head and arms empty into the ________, which carries blood to the right atrium of the heart.

superior vena cava

Redness, heat, swelling, and pain are the four most common indicators of what? A. Edema B. Acute inflammation C. Fever D. Dehydration

Acute inflammation

What structure carries lymph into a lymph node? (A) afferent lymphatic vessel B) germinal center C) efferent lymphatic vessel D) follicles E) trabeculae

Afferent lymphatic vessel

A persistent clot in an unbroken blood vessel is known as A) hemophilia B) polycythemia C) a thrombus D) leukopenia E) an embolus

An embolus

Humoral immunity is provided by A) pyrogens B) complement fixation C) interferon D) skin and mucous membranes ) E) antibodies

Antibodies

Alcohol suppresses the production of this hormone, - retention and prevents dehydration. A) aldosterone C) thyroid -stimulating hormone (TSH) which normally promotes water B) cortisol D) antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Antidiuretic hormone

Which one of the following is NOT a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary? A) luteinizing hormone (LH) B) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) C) prolactin (D) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) E) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Antidiuretic hormone

Which of these pathways correctly traces blood as it travels from the aortic arch to the left arm? A) aortic arch, left common carotid artery, left internal carotid artery B) ascending aorta, right coronary arteries C) aortic arch, brachiocephalic trunk, right common carotid artery D) abdominal aorta, celiac trunk, left gastric artery E) aortic arch, left subclavian artery, left axillary artery, left brachial artery

Aortic arch. Left subclavian artery, left Axillary artery, left brachial artery

A person with type B blood can receive blood from blood type(s)

B, O

Which type of leukocyte contains heparin, an anticoagulant? A) basophil B) eosinophil C) neutrophil D) monocyte E) lymphocyte

Basophil

Lymph is largely composed of water that has escaped from _______ A) cerebrospinal fluid B) cytosol C) saliva D) tears (E) blood

Blood

Molly has blood type A and her daughter has blood type B. Why can't Molly donate blood to her daughter?

Blood type B contains anti-A antibodies, which will agglutinate with type A blood.

The tiny white cords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricles are A. myocardium (C) chordae tendineae B) ligamentum arteriosum D) ductus venous

Chordate tendineae

The internal iliac vein empties blood directly into the A) hepatic portal vein B) superior vena cava C) femoral vein D) common iliac vein E) external iliac vein

Common iliac vein

Oxygented blood nourishing the myocardium comes from vessels that branch off the aorta called A. Pulmonary veins B. Pulmonary arteries C. Coronary arteries D. Venue cave

Coronary arteries

Polyphagia, polydipsia, and polyuria are the three cardinal signs of a disease known as _____ A) goiter B) Addison's disease C) hypoglycemia D) diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus

The visceral layer of the serous pericardium is actually the same layer as the ___ A) epicardium D) pulmonary trunk C) fibrous pericardium B) myocardium D) endocardium

Epicardium

The rate of erythrocyte production is controlled by a hormone known as A) insulin C) growth hormone B) erythropoletin D) aldosterone

Erythropoietin

Acromegaly results from hyposecretion of growth hormone in adulthood. (T/F)

False

Atherosclerosis is a narrowing of blood vessels which can cause hypotension.

False

Neutrophils have three to seven lobed nuclei and fight acute infections from bacteria and fungi. (T/F)

False

Parathyroid hormone is released due to rising blood calclum levels whereas calcitonin is released in response to decreasing blood calcium levels. (T/F)

False

During coagulation, long, hairlike molecules known as ______ form the basis for a clot. A) fibrin B) thrombin C) fibrinogen D) prothrombin

Fibrin

AIDS cripples the immune system by interfering with the activity of cells called A) antigen- presenting cells B) helper T cells C) plasma cells D) memory cells

Helper T cells

The process by which bleeding is stopped is called. B) hematopoiesis A) hemostasis C) erythropoiesis D) homeostasis

Hemostasis

Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce a hormone known as __________ while the alpha cells produce a hormone known as ______ A. Insulin; glucagon B. Cortisol; glucagon C glucagon; insulin

Insulin; glucagon

Small proteins known as ____ .are secreted by vrus-infected cals to help defend cels that have not yet been infected A. Interferons B. Pyrogens C. Antigens D. Haptens

Interferons

The process by which white blood cells travel through the wall of blood vessels is termed A. Interferons B. Pyrogens C. Antigens D. Haptens

Interferons

laE ______ A) is passed from mother to fetus during pregnancy B) is mainly found in mucus and secretions such as tears and saliva C) is involved in allergies D) can fix complement E) is the most abundant antibody in blood plasma

Is involved in allergies

Tunica _____ the middle layer of a typical blood vessel, contains smooth muscle and elastic A. Intima B. Media C. Externa

Media

Platelets are fragments of a multinucleate cell known as a ________ A) reticulocyte B) megakaryocyte C) monocyte D) erythrocyte

Megakaryocyte

Due to a recent respiratory illness from a viral infection, Jennifer has now developed ______ A) artificially acquired passive immunity B) passively acquired natural immunity C) naturally acquired passive immunity D) artificially acquired active immunity E) naturally acquired active immunity

Naturally acquired active immunity

Veins A) branch into smaller vessels called arterioles B) transport oxygen-rich blood C) often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood D) carry blood away from the heart E) operate under high pressure

Often have valves to prevent the back flow of blood

How do plasma cells assist with humoral immunity? A) Plasma cells secrete pyrogens. B) Plasma cells reproduce rapidly to crowd pathogens out of the blood C) Plasma cells produce interferons. D) Plasma cells secrete highly-specific antibodies. E) Plasma cells bind to viruses and bacteria to immobilize them.

Plasma cells secrete highly specific antibodies

The left atrium receives blood from the ____ A) aorta B) Pulmonary veins C) superior vena cava D) pulmonary arteries E) inferior vena cava

Pulmonary veins

Rising blood levels of aldosterone cause the kidney tubules to: A. reabsorb hydrogen B) reabsorb potassium C) reabsorb calcium D) reabsorb sodium E) reabsorb iodine

Reabsorb sodium

Where does hematopoiesis produce new red blood cells? A) synovial membrane B) yellow bone marrow C) red bone marrow D) epiphyseal line E) articular cartilage

Red bone marrow

The body's first line of defense against the invasion of disease-causing microorganisms is A) inflammatory response B) skin and mucous membranes C) fever D) phagocytes E) natural killer cells

Skin and mucous membranes

Mineralocorticoids regulate the concentration of _____ and _____ ions in our blood A) iron; magnesium B) sodium; potassium D) calcium; phosphorus E. Water ; glucose

Sodium potassiun

Tropic hormones _____ A) stimulate the thymus gland to secrete hormones B) stimulate nervous tissue C) stimulate other endocrine glands to secrete hormones D) stimulate the pineal gland to secrete hormones

Stimulate other endocrine glands to secrete hormones

Water -soluble hormones, such as proteins and peptide hormones, activate target cells using A) diffusion C) direct gene activation B) steroid hormone action D) the second -messenger system

The second messenger system

The body's major metabolic hormone is called ______ A) prolactin (B) thyroid hormone C) calcitonin D) adrenaline E) growth hormone

Thyroid hormone

Lymphocytes can be found in follicles in the cortex of the lymph node whereas macrophages can be found in the medulla. (T/F)

True

The circle of Willis provides a continuous blood suppy to the brain beacuse of alternate connecting blood vessels (t/f)

True

The type of leukocytes that fight allergies and parasitic worms are monocytes. (t/F)

True

Which one of the following represents the proper sequence of hemostasis? A) platelet plug formation, coagulation, vascular spasm B) coagulation, platelet plug formation, vascular spasm C) vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation D) coagulation, vascular spasm, platelet plug formation E) vascular spasm, coagulation, platelet plug formation

Vascular spasm, platent plug formation, coagulation

During mid-to-late diastole, blood flows from the atria to the A. Ventricles B. Lungs C. Aorta D. Pulmonary trunk

Ventricles

Tissue grafts harvested from a different animal species are known as ____ A. Idigrafts B. Autografts C. Allografts D. Xenografts

Xenografts

A decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood, for any reason, is a condition known as ________.

anemia

Fluid tends to be forced out of a capillary bed by ________ while ________ tends to draw fluid into the capillary bed. A. blood pressure; osmotic pressure C) osmotic pressure; diastolic pressures B) osmotic pressure: blood pressure D) systolic pressure; diastolic pressure

blood pressure; osmotic pressure