PAD Final
The grant of immunity can range from absolute to limited, based on job duties. While absolute immunity is more likely to be afforded to high level officials, qualified immunity is more likely for lower level officials
true
The greatest power in an organization lies with those in the strategic apex
true
The internet is receptive to contributions, resources, ideas, and direction from anyone, anywhere. In contrast, government agencies and nonprofit organizations are closed entities
true
The level of targeted reserves in a rainy day fund should reflect the volatility of risk associated with the organization's revenue and expenses
true
The objective of the bureaucracy is to achieve constitutional goals through transparent means, as prescribed by administrative law
true
The presence of adequate hygiene factors will not necessarily motivate employee productivity
true
The principal-agent problem occurs for reasons related to information asymmetries between the principal (the government) and the agent (the contractor)
true
The revised IRS Form 990 extended reporting requirements for nonprofit governance and expanded required disclosures
true
The six steps in rational decision making include 1. define problem, 2. identify decision criteria, 3. weight criteria, 4. generate alternatives, 5. rate each alternative on each criterion, and 6. compute the optimal decision
true
The state has more power than public sector unions
true
The three functions of human resources are standardizing, humanizing, and evaluating
true
Transparency, which is not required to the same degree in private businesses, adds cost to public operations without translating into mission-based outcomes?
true
Under the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), the adjudicatory process is used to rule on matters pertaining to procedural due process.
true
Validity means that the indicator measures what it is intended to measure. Reliability refers to accuracy of the measure and its ability to be consistent over repeated measurement
true
With a endowment, only the earnings of the fund can be spent
true
Woodrow Wilson advocated for the scientific selection of workers through merit-based processes and urged nonpartisan and efficient administrative systems
true
An act that is legal may not be ethical
trye
Conflicts of interest are problematic not because they are automatically unethical but because they may lead to conduct that is unethical
trye
Performance management helps public service managers use performance data to make decisions that improve services to their customers
trye
State and local government debt primarily takes the form of bonds
trye
The active government role in managing the economy is most popularly linked to economist John Maynard Keynes, who argued that the public sector can intervene to smooth out the ebbs and flows of the economy
trye
In the process of rational decision making, after identifying decision criteria, one must next...
weight criteria
When policy proposals or programs related to public service provision are discussed, the ____________________ question should always be considered
who wins, who loses
What allowed the imposition of an income tax by the federal government
16th amendment
The Bill of Rights were ratified in...
1791
The progenitor of the modern Internet was known as
ARPANET
, in a famous speech, described American government as "of the people, by the people, and for the people."
Abraham Lincoln
The following are all principles found in the Code of Ethics of the American Society for Public Administration (ASPA) except
Advance Organizational Interests
The public administrator's code of ethics includes...
All of thesd
Citizen engagement is essential for good government to...
All of these
Effective public speaking includes
All of these
The work of public administration includes the following competencies:
All of these answers are correct
In addition to formalized rules and processes, bureaucracy requires
All of thess
What is a capital asset
An item that maintains value and usefulness beyond the operating budget cycle
is an example of how government organizations are combining service delivery in a way that is conducive to collaboration among providers as well as accessible to those in need
An office of Ombud
Mission, workforce characteristics, financial resources, culture, decision making processes, public scrutiny are examples of
Architectural elements of public service organizations
Ethical public administrators apply core values to decisions including
Care, honesty, accountability, promise-keeping, responsible citizenship.
Coproduction refers to...
Citizen participation and compliance in the execution of government action.
The three inherent tensions within every organization are...
Control, cooperation, and autonomy
Which act amends the Freedom of Information Act to modernize the FOIA process and compliance in response to technological advances
Electronic Freedom of Information Act
All of the following are elements of Max Weber's "ideal" bureaucracy except:
Employment based on patronage
Alderfer's ERG Theory assumes that people strive to meet the following needs
Existence, Relatedness, and Growth
is an example of government use of ICT
GIS mapping of sewer lines
Which of the following is a reason why government is required to be transparent?
Government is the instrument for achieving public purposes.
Street-level bureaucrats are those who...
Have face to face interactions with the public residents and citizens.
The principles of scientific management have the goal of...
Improving efficiency through maximizing the productivity of laborers
refers to the belief that, generally, only limited changes are made to existing spending patterns during budget preparation
Incrementalism
is an example of a federal FOIA exemption from disclosure
Information related solely to the internal personnel rules and practices of an agency
valued decentralized government, while __________ valued a centralized system.
Jefferson; Hamilton
As a generic term, managers
May work at any level in the organizations that has responsibility to coordinate the work of others.
The Clinton Administration's ______________________, overseen by Vice President Al Gore, launched in March 1993 with the goal of a government that "works better and costs less."
National Performance Review
The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 abolished the U.S. Civil Service Commission, distributing its functions to the following three agencies
Office of Personnel Management, Merit Systems Protection Board, and Federal Labor Relations Authority
The theory of democracy is that
People involve themselves in decisions that influence public action and they care about the delivery and evaluation of public services.
In describing public management, the acronym POSDCORB stands for:
Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting, and budgeting
Which of the following is the main consequence of government procurement systems that are too difficult for smaller vendors to navigate?
Prices for products and services will go up due to a decrease in competition for government contracts.
Why are unintended consequences more likely to result from the actions of government than the actions of business?
Public organizations live longer than business organizations and their actions last longer.
Public and private organizations are different because...
Public organizations must fulfill non-mission based requirements such as information sharing.
means that administrative law judges (ALJs) must be impartial in conducting hearings and must decide cases based on the facts
Qualified decisional independence
The "handshake deal" is a classic example of which type of contracting?
Relational contracting
is based on the idea that people of different backgrounds and heritages have different experiences and it is important that their voices be heard in government programming, planning, and delivery of services so that these experiences are reflected
Representative bureaucracy
The Pendleton Act...
Standardized the process for recruiting and hiring federal workers and protected them from partisan firing.
Organizational structure includes the following layers of hierarchy from top to bottom
Strategic apex, middle line, operating core
Mechanisms for inward facing methods of citizen engagement include
Suggestion boxes on municipal websites.
Which of the following requires representative bureaucracy in the federal government
The Civil Service Reform Act
Which act requires performance management plans and reporting from federal agencies
The Government Performance and Results Act
Even when resources are adequate and plans seem logical, public programs will fail if...
The public does not accept them.
Social capital refers to...
The social norms and social structures that emerge and guide individual behavior toward communal ends.
Esprit de corps means that
Through teamwork, people will generate a group identity, a commitment to its effort, and team spirit.
Which of the following best describes the overall purpose of administrative law judges (ALJs)
To ensure fairness in administrative proceedings before agencies.
In Tools of Government, Lester Salamon provides ...
Twenty contract tools used by government agencies
An example of an organization characterized by a divisionalized form of structure is the
US Department of Homeland Security
Which of the following is an example of a moral hazard
When someone with a shellfish allergy eats lobster anyway because their health insurance covers ER visits
The first scholarly attention to public administration in the U.S. was written by:
Woodrow Wilson
noted that "it is getting to be harder to run a constitution than to frame one."
Woodrow Wilson
A "Theory X" manager assumes that
Workers are indolent, require close supervision, and are only motivated by money.
is used for government-wide financial statements and business-like funds in state and local governments
accrual accounting
Capacity building tools include
all of these
Citizen engagement in budgeting is a more democratic way of budgeting because
all of these
Components of a CAFR include
all of these
Factors that lead to market failure include
all of these
Herbert Kaufman found that organizations that die are those
all of these
Increased transparency is thought to affect government through
all of these
Leadership development is an integral part of succession planning and includes training that
all of these
Responsiveness occurs as a result of
all of these
Since its enactment in 1946, the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), has
all of these
Steps to choosing a contractor include
all of these
Successful public service organizations require the following attributes
all of these
The Code of Ethics of the American Society for Public Administration (ASPA) includes the following principle(s)
all of these
The definition of transparency extends to which type of information
all of these
The internet is open and collaborative and
all of these
The public budget process depends greatly on
all of these
Which element is essential in making programs happen?
all of these
Which of the following are included as part of the National Academy of Public Administration pillars of public administration
all of these
Which of the following justifications may be used to claim the moral high ground of an administrative action?
all of these
Which of the following rights of donors are included in "A Donor Bill of Rights"?
all of these
Which of the following steps is part of how rules are made
all of these
Budgets matter because budgets are
all of thezs
Dashcams and body cameras for law enforcement officers provide an example of how government employs ICT strategies to improve
all of thse
Following preparation and submission of a budget, the next step is
approval
When an organization looks externally to peer organizations to determine what represents average and/or aspirational performance, it is referred to as
benchmarking
information flows allow for information to flow freely among subscribers within a group
community
"How can I ensure that my subordinates are doing the right thing?" is a question that is answered by which purpose of performance measurement
control
refers to a philanthropist's expectations for the use of donated funds, large or small, by an organization
donor intent
learning includes feedback after a solution is implemented
double loop
Public executives are responsible for balancing...
economy, efficiency, effectiveness, and equity.
Health and services are central to budgeting across the public sector
education
The primary means for assessing job satisfaction, engagement, and retention is by
employee surveys
Administrative Law Judges (ALJs) were created by the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) to
ensure fairness in administrative proceedings before federal agencies
If a public servant makes a decision that satisfies only the minimum ethical standards, this is known as
ethical satisficing
When the state law is too vague or imprecise or fails to specify prohibited behavior of appointed and elected officials, _______ offer interpretations of intent
ethics commissions
The ethicist John Rawls put forward the idea that justice is
fairness
A "Theory Y" manager is likely to believe in pay-for-performance systems to motivate workers to produce more
false
A proper way to balance a budget is through the use of gimmicks, which provide lasting solutions to a budget imbalance
false
Agencies are responsible for delivering all services that the public would like.
false
At this time, the U.S. Department of Energy considers the American energy infrastructure to be secure and not vulnerable to cyberthreats
false
Autonomy requires integration while cooperation requires separation and delegation of control
false
Bequests are the most prominent type of donations given to nonprofits providing over two-thirds of giving
false
Broadcast communication is a multi-directional strategy for distributing announcements, notifications, and warnings with a capacity for the receiver to reply
false
Citizen engagement is a one-way street.
false
Collaborations may be formal or informal, and are typically hierarchical
false
Democratic principles require inequality, while capitalism requires that each person is equal under the law?
false
Determining performance goals for specific measures is an objective process where only achievable goals are selected.
false
Dividing work processes into teams removes the necessity for leadership and coordination
false
Due to administrative processes, change tends to occur quickly, with sharp bends to the right or left
false
Dwight Waldo believed that training public administrators in the mechanics of administration and arming them with a code of ethics is enough
false
Economic theory is the best way to assess levels of equity in a country
false
Elected officials are common users of nonprofit organizations' financial reporting
false
Ethics are core beliefs about what is desirable
false
Federal constraints on actions in the nonprofit and business sectors are much greater than those on the public sector
false
Focus groups are meetings of elected officials that are open to the public to ensure that those who are interested in following the deliberations of their representatives can do so.
false
Fortunately, social media sites do not allow fake news to travel as quickly as real news
false
Government has the freedom to do anything it wishes to do, except for that which is prohibited by law?
false
Horizontal equity refers to the notion that parties with greater levels of resources should shoulder a higher tax burden than those with lesser resources
false
If a public official orders subordinates to do something, even if it is in violation of the Constitution, it is perfectly legal for them to follow the order
false
In Bowling Alone, Robert Putnam describes how people are more engaged than ever in public matters.
false
In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, safety needs are the first that people are motivated to satisfy
false
In accordance with Taylor's and Weber's prescriptions, we currently believe that there is one best way to supervise and one best way to structure an organization
false
In his 2000 report on nonprofit management, Paul Light suggests that the availability of information, alone, will improve trust
false
In the public sector, inputs are the goods/services delivered or produced by an organization or program
false
Individual taxpayers are examples of internal users of government and nonprofit financial reporting
false
Inward transparency captures the ability of individuals within an organization to view and receive outside information.
false
It is difficult to engage citizens who trust in government.
false
Merit system principles are not part of U.S. law and are more guidelines than actual rules
false
Most Americans believe that the federal government should not play a major role in managing the U.S. immigration system
false
Natural monopolies result from ruthless business practices intended to eliminate competition and secure market power
false
Nobel prizewinner Herbert Simon asserts that administrative decisions should be based solely on facts, not values?
false
Nonprofit organizations engage in more uniform financial reporting than public organizations
false
Nonprofits have less latitude in hiring and setting compensation than public organizations
false
Office jargon, jokes, slogans, and shared stories often serve to destabilize an organization's culture
false
One way that the budgeting processes of nonprofits and governments differ is that nonprofits typically exercise greater transparency in budgeting
false
Outcomes produce results, which are called outputs
false
Outsourcing works best when a contractor promises to do it "better, faster, cheaper"
false
Performance budgeting simply groups spending by the specific object of expenditure, such as salaries and benefits or rent and utility costs
false
Performance measurement is considered a one-time act, rather than a recurring process
false
Performance measures merely need to be understandable to elected officials, as they are the only users of this information
false
President Lyndon Johnson was an enthusiastic supporter of the Freedom of Information Act
false
Privatization represents a relationship between the government and a third party in which the two share risk
false
Promoting democratic participation is achieved by treating all persons with fairness, justice, and equality while respecting individual differences, rights, and freedoms
false
Public law covers only contracts and torts.
false
Running a large corporation is similar to heading a government?
false
Simple outsourcing grants greater authority to third parties than relational contracting
false
Smaller organizations are more likely to have multiple missions and ambiguous goals
false
Standardization of skills and/or knowledge is a type of coordination achieved by hiring workers who have yet to be trained to perform their jobs
false
State and local governments' primary spending area is income security, followed by human services, and recreation and culture
false
State governments do not have mechanisms in place to address or prevent ethical lapses; ethical standards are prescribed and enforced by the federal government
false
The 511 call number is used for community information and referral services
false
The Daily Federal Logbook is the daily journal of the federal government and publishes proposed rules and final rules
false
The Freedom of Information Act of 1966 was passed to safeguard individual privacy
false
The Government in the Sunshine Act of 1976 requires agencies to designate chief information officers
false
The U.S. Constitution has been amended a total of 28 times?
false
The White House launched its first homepage in 1982
false
The actions of administrators are rooted in a constitution that is built to avoid any governmental conflict
false
The federal government is constrained by a balanced budget requirement, meaning that federal revenues must match or exceed federal spending over the budgeted period
false
The four Ms of the 4M ethics test stand for media, mirror, mother, and manager
false
The free market economy generates winners and promotes greater equity
false
The level of contract administration oversight decreases with the complexity of the contracted tasks
false
The merit-based civil service began with the passage of the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978
false
The public and nonprofit sectors have similar legal requirements for transparency
false
The purpose of a contract is to align interests of two or more parties and increase principal-agent conflict
false
The purpose of constitutional law is to harmonize administrative law with public administrators
false
Transparency only refers to making government documents public
false
When an organization engages in nominal transparency, it discloses useful information
false
When governments employ a multi-channel strategy, it can confuse people and make it more difficult for them to access the services they seek
false
Wicked problems are those that only occur when bad people do bad things?
false
With regard to public goods and services, public provision and public production are indistinguishable
false
Workers who hold permanent positions in civil service systems do not have the right to due process
false
Charles Tiebout put forth the notion that people vote with their
feet
With a(n) ____________ contract, the contractor is paid a set amount for delivering the products or services
fixed price
accounting is a practice utilized by government and nonprofit organizations to bolster accounting control by divvying up organizational resources into separate funds
fund
Governance relies on the interactions of
government, business, and nonprofits
A __________ will be employed when work requires discretion on the part of workers and relies on a professionally trained workforce
heterarchy
A Municipal Program, published by the National Municipal League in 1900
highlighted the need for financial accountability in local government
The term _______ refers to a government whose bureaus are dependent on networks of private parties to enable it to function
hollow state
Core values embedded in American personal and interpersonal culture include
honesty, integrity, fairness, promise keeping, loyalty, caring for others, and respect for others
is in place so that public employees can perform their responsibilities without fear of being sued
immunity
Diversification of revenue sources is desirable for stability. State and local governments typically depend on a "three-legged stool" of taxes comprised of taxes on
income, sales, and property
Department spending, including time and materials for the hiring function, is an example of what type of measure component
input
A basic program logic model that is used in evaluation includes
inputs - activities - outputs - initial outcomes - intermediate outcomes - long-term outcomes
In a principal-agent conflict, the contractor
is the agent who is in a position to make decisions that take advantage of the government (the principal)
Of the three branches of government, the _____________ function authorizes programs.
legislative
The term, "delegated lawmaking," refers to the delegation of authority from the ____________ to the
legislature; agencies
A financial ratio that provides evidence of an organization's capacity to cover short-term financial obligations is a measure of
liquidity
Which of the following has the highest percentage of unionized workers
local governments
Much like retailers, public agencies use standardized to put forward a uniform look that is easily recognized
logos
A bureaucracy is characteristic of manufacturing firms and relatively small public agencies—like municipal public works departments—that operate in a stable environment where standard operating procedures prevail and where the mission is unidimensional and clear cut
machine
In the basic contracting process, the step during which decision makers consider whether to produce in-house or to contract out is referred to as the ______________ decision
make or buy
To communicate performance to the public in a simpler manner, some organizations use a smaller collection of
metameasures
policy alters the availability of money through the banking system through a number of mechanisms
monetary
Facebook is an example of which of the following forms of communication
network of networks
The following are all federal sunshine laws except
none
All of the following are common budget balancing strategies except
none of these
All of the following are components of human capital except
none of these
Qualified immunity protects public officials
none of these
The E-Government Act of 2002
none of these
The basis of accounting records financial transactions based on cash flows
none of these
What entities are often referred to as "laboratories of democracy?"
none of these
Which of the following is responsible for handling contract award protests for the federal government?
none of these
A block grant refers to
none of thess
Ranging from casual tips from unnamed government sources to the systematic sharing of sensitive information for broad dissemination, _______ are an extreme, but prominent, form of public transparency.
none of thess
Under _________, agencies are required to give the public advance notice of a proposed rule and the opportunity to express their views about it before it is finalized
notice-and-comment rulemaking
Which of the following is not one of Kelman's goals of public contracting
pay more for higher quality
As optimism over performance-based budgeting has waned, Professor Phil Joyce suggests that _____________ budgeting is a more useful label for injecting performance information into the budgeting process
performance-informed
Maslow's hierarchy of needs posits that individuals will focus first on ______ needs before they can fulfill _____ needs
physiological (food, water, ergonomics); self-actualization (personal growth, creativity)
oversight entails regular systematic monitoring of government activities
police-patrol
In addition to being trained in the mechanics of administration and armed with a code of ethics, Dwight Waldo believed that public administrators must also be trained in...
political philosophy
If a beekeeper's honey production results in improved pollination of crops on neighboring lands, this is known as a(n)
positive externality
The budget cycle includes the following stages
preparation/submission, approval, implementation, review
The _______ Act allows individuals to request access to "records maintained on themselves" by government agencies and address inaccuracies in those records
privacy
Which of the following does not relate to open meetings
privacy act
Private sector unions and public sector unions are different because
private sector unions and companies are constrained by market forces, while public sector unions are constrained by economic pressures as well as political values
can extend the pursuit of public goals beyond internal operations to collaboration with an entire community
procurement
"Fake news" is a modern-day term used to describe
propaganda
The purpose of government is to
pursue public goals
is a way for government to attempt to equalize the status quo between the haves and haves nots
redistribution
John Rohr referred to such values as equality, personal freedoms, the right to one's property, and due process as ________ values
regime
The document that formally solicits proposals/bids from potential contractors is known as the ______________, or RFP
request for proposal
A continuum of public-sector contracting activities from the most basic purchase of simple goods and services to complete privatization is as follows
simple purchase, contracting-out/outsourcing, relational contracting, public-private partnership, and privatization
The _______________ process is inherently about guiding organizational performance, and should include consideration of performance measures
strategic planning
transparency pertains to mandated disclosures of information, usually driven by government regulation, that are made to alleviate potentially-harmful information asymmetries
targeted
Tax expenditures are
taxes that are not collected due to intentional policy decisions
The Great Recession of 2007-2009 occurred largely due to
the collapse of the subprime mortgage market
The Government in the Sunshine Act requires that
the executive branch agencies are required to hold open meetings
What is the name of the most widely-recognized federal law that limits the political activity of government employees
the hatch act
While Alexander Hamilton was interested in a strong central government, believed in the importance of strong local governments
thomas jefferson
The four types of organizational resources are human, financial, information, and
time
A 2015 report by the International Budget Partnership (IBP) concluded that a majority of the countries surveyed do not have open budget practices
true
A classification of 501(c)(3) is used to refer to nonprofits that generally receive tax-exempt donations
true
A collective benefit of the coproduction behavior associated with vaccinations is that it diminishes the spread of disease.
true
Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations popularized the notion that economies are self-regulating and efficient due to the "invisible hand" of market forces
true
An adhocracy is an innovative organization that needs to adapt quickly to changing circumstances, needs, and worker skill sets
true
An example of a smart city technology is video sensors that strengthen the brightness of street lights when pedestrians are near
true
Big data can be used to identify terror threats
true
Budgets are interdependent and plagued with uncertainty because they are affected by the budgeting and administrative decisions of external entities
true
Collaboration denotes the importance of interpersonal skills, as well as the importance of organizational entities working together by sharing resources, such as staff, information, and services
true
Compensation at nonprofits is the leading topic of complaints that Charity Navigator receives about organizations
true
Contracting for material goods that are common and do not require any customization is referred to as buying "off-the-shelf."
true
Cyberhacking of the power grid highlights the interconnections between private business, energy generators, and local, state, and federal government
true
Due process means that if workers are disciplined or removed for cause, they have the right to file an appeal and have their complaint adjudicated by an appeals board
true
Due to the tendency of the news media to sensationalize stories, administrators must both make stories and manage them
true
Effective leaders typically have strong emotive skills
true
Energy performance contracting is used by governments to fund infrastructure improvements in public facilities instead of depending on reserves, capital budget appropriations, or general borrowing
true
Federal appropriations bills that have passed are intended to be signed by the president before the start of the fiscal year on October 1
true
Fiscal policy operates at different levels of government
true
For public managers, collaboration is imperative because single agencies rarely have the resources or capability to individually address problems
true
Henry Mintzberg describes all organizations as having some version of strategic apex, middle line, operating core, technostructure, support staff, and ideology
true
In 1789, Article 1, Section 7 and 9 of the Constitution gave the legislature the revenue and appropriations functions
true
In 2002, Paul Light reported that 8 million jobs were supported by federal contracts and grants while the total federal personnel included less than 4.2 million employees
true
In 2009, the Open Government Initiative launched to increase transparency, collaboration, and participation using information technology.
true
In 2050, it is projected that 2/3 of the world population will live in cities
true
In a principal/agent relationship, administrators are responsible for fulfilling the demands of statutes passed by legislative bodies
true
In most jurisdictions, administrative law judges (ALJs) must have at least seven years of prior experience as a licensed attorney.
true
In public administration, hierarchy (top-down authority) is morphing into heterarchy (multiple power centers working collaboratively) as information technology speeds communication
true
Incrementalism produces a disincentive to spend less than is budgeted, because this will result in a smaller budget next year
true
Information that is classified to protect national security is exempt from FOIA requirements
true
It is through administrative law that abstract constitutional tenets of delegation of legislative authority and procedural due process are translated into action
true
Large forces result from a mix of cultural, economic, political, technological, and philosophical change that take hold of public opinion in ways that are unstoppable
true
Leaking public information has grown easier with advancements in information technology, particularly the ability to copy, transfer, and disseminate information through online venues
true
Leveraged government relies on building bridges across the boundaries of agencies and levels of government
true
Managers must be mindful of politics, management, and law
true
Mary Parker Follett encouraged public participation in governance matters, neighborhood activism, and the development of community spaces as areas to meet, share ideas and engage in dialogue about issues of common interest.
true
Modern performance contracts are often used to shift risk to contractors
true
Natural monopolies occur when a single firm is the most efficient outcome due to high initial infrastructure investment and scale economies that make competition wasteful
true
No business ever comes close to dealing with the breadth of scope and complexity of problems dealt with by the federal government?
true
No one owns or manages the Internet
true
Nonprofit organizations experienced a push in the early-1990s for outcome-based performance measurement
true
Nonprofits can make a profit, but they cannot distribute profits to those in control
true
One approach to measuring efficiency focuses on the time needed to perform a given activity
true
One issue with transparency is that it can impede thoughtful policy-making if decision makers are less likely to speak freely under public scrutiny
true
Open meeting requirements exist at all levels of government and are intended to ensure that dialogue and decisions about public policies are indeed public
true
Paul Appleby once wrote that public administration should "make a mesh of things?"
true
Proprietary funds are government funds that exist for the business-like activities of government
true
Public information officers (PIOs) must try to achieve trust, compassion, rapport, and credibility with the public that they serve.
true
Resilience is the capacity for a community to absorb disturbance and rebuild, literally or figuratively, while undergoing dramatic change.
true
Strategic human capital management is the backbone to mission accomplishment. It includes the collective skills, knowledge, and motivation necessary to do the work of the organization
true
The Balanced Scorecard incorporates financial and non-financial performance measures of an organization
true
The U.S. tax code allows homeowners to deduct mortgage interest payments to encourage homeownership
true
The context within which public services are delivered has to fit the norms of the political and economic system of a nation?
true
The deontological point of view is that there are universal truths and that actions should be taken based on those truths, regardless of the consequences
true
The efficient operation of a free market depends on consumers having accurate information on which to base a buy-or-not-buy decision
true
The findings of big data are only useful if they are communicated in a way that decision makers can understand
true
