Patho Wk 7 Ch (36, 37, 38, 40, 41) Song WCU, WEEK 7 PATHO 370, Week 7 Patho WCU, Patho Week 7 Quiz, WCU Patho Week 7 - Ch. 36, 37, 38, 41

Diabetic neuropathy is thought to result from a.deficient neuronal insulin receptors b.neuronal demyelination c.decreased myoinositol transport d.elevated HbA1c.

c.decreased myoinositol transport

A laboratory finding that would help confirm the diagnosis of hyperaldosteronism is a.hyperglycemia b.hypernatremia c.hypokalemia d.hyperkalemia.

c.hypokalemia

Constipation in an elderly patient can be best treated by a.maintaining a low-fiber diet b.maintaining the current level of activity c.increasing fiber in the diet d.fecal disimpaction.

c.increasing fiber in the diet

Rupture of esophageal varices is a complication of cirrhosis with portal hypertension and carries a high ________ rate. a.morbidity b.insurance c.mortality d.cure

c.mortality

Radioactive iodine treatment is the therapy of choice in patients with Graves disease. The patient should be expected to a.receive lifelong iodine treatment b.achieve full recovery after treatment c.need lifelong thyroid replacement therapy d.need short-term thyroid replacement therapy

c.need lifelong thyroid replacement therapy

It is true that growth hormone excess in adults a.is usually asymptomatic b.is associated with hypoglycemia c.results in the condition of acromegaly d.leads to abnormally tall stature.

c.results in the condition of acromegaly

what are some therapies for type 1 DM?

carbohydrate counting daily exercise insulin

hypoglycemia will present with_______

tremors

decrease of myoionositol can cause? a. cardiac issues b. numbness c. tingling d. nerve transport is not happening

b c d

More than half of the initial cases of pancreatitis are associated with a.stones b.alcoholism c.trauma d.high cholesterol.

b.alcoholism

Proton pump inhibitors may be used in the management of peptic ulcer disease to a.neutralize gastric acid b.decrease hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion c.inhibit secretion of pepsinogen d.increase gastric motility.

b.decrease hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion

Dumping syndrome is commonly seen after __________ procedures. a.colonoscopy b.gastric bypass c.appendectomy d.intestinal biopsy

b.gastric bypass

A patient with a history of alcoholism presents with hematemesis and profound anemia. The expected diagnosis is a.hepatic encephalopathy b.gastroesophageal varices c.cerebral edema d.ascites

b.gastroesophageal varices

The signs and symptoms of adrenocortical hormone excess may occur from either a primary or secondary disorder. A symptom associated with primary Cushing syndrome is a.hyperpigmentation b.hyperglycemia c.hyperkalemia d.hypotension.

b.hyperglycemia

Myxedema coma is a severe condition associated with a.pheochromocytoma b.hypothyroidism c.hyperthermia d.acute cortisol insufficiency

b.hypothyroidism

The American Diabetes Association recommends a postprandial blood glucose level of ________ mg/dL for adults with diabetes. A.130 B. less than 180 C. 70 D.more than 180

b.less than 180

A patient being treated for hepatic encephalopathy could be expected to receive a(n) ________ diet. a.high-protein and high-carbohydrate b.low-protein and high-fiber c.unrestricted d.high-sodium

b.low-protein and high-fiber

A type of insulin that would be most appropriate for acute management of hyperglycemia is a.Ultralente b.regular c.Semilente d.NPH

b.regular

Hepatitis B is usually transmitted by exposure to

blood or semen

Ulcerative colitis is commonly associated with______?

bloody diarrhea

What effect would adrenocortical insufficiency have on an individual's response to surgical stress? a.More susceptible to hypertensive crisis b.Decreased sensitivity to anesthesia c.More prone to hypotension d.More prone to hyperglycemia

c. More prone to hypotension

An infusion of mannitol would be prescribed to treat a.varices b.encephalopathy c.cerebral edema d.peritonitis

c. edema

Most gallstones are composed of a.bile b.uric acid salts c.cholesterol d.calcium.

c.cholesterol

Stomatitis may be caused by______

chemotherapy

H Pylori is a cause for?

chronic gastritis

Chronic pancreatitis may lead to a.Crohn disease b.gallstones c.celiac sprue d.diabetes mellitus

d.diabetes mellitus

Untreated acute cholecystitis may lead to ________ of the gallbladder wall. a.infection b.distention c.inflammation d.gangrene

d.gangrene

Diabetic neuropathy is due to _______ in myionositol.

decrease

Dumping syndrome is seen after?

Gastric Bypass Surgery

polyphasic means

increase in hunger

polydipsia means

increase in thirst

polyuria means

increase in urine

The underlying pathogenic mechanism for type 2 diabetes is

insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction.

Diabetes insipudus is a result from inadequate

ADH secretion

A patient is getting a (HBSAg) surface antigen what kind of Hep B is it?

Acute Hep B

ulcerative colitis is associated with?

Bloody diarrhea

Untreated acute cholecystitis may lead to?

Gangrene

esophageal varices are associated with?

Portal hypertension

Hypoglycemia symptoms

Tremor Body process of glucose light headed weakness

rupture of esophageal varices has...

a high mortality rate

In the United States, nearly ________ people have diabetes mellitus. a.29.1 million b.176 billion c.7 million d.366 million

a.29.1 million

What clinical finding would suggest an esophageal cause of a client's report of dysphagia? a.Chest pain during meals b.Airway obstruction with swallowing c.Coughing when swallowing d.Nasal regurgitation

a.Chest pain during meals

What form of viral hepatitis is likely to be transmitted sexually? a.Hepatitis B b.Hepatitis C c.Hepatitis E d.Hepatitis A

a.Hepatitis B

Which response to an injection of ACTH indicates a primary adrenal insufficiency? a.No change in serum glucocorticoid level b.An increase in serum ACTH level c.An increase in serum glucocorticoid level d.A decrease in serum glucose level

a.No change in serum glucocorticoid level

________ disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which excessive amounts of copper accumulate in the liver. a.Wilson b.Kayser-Fleischer c.Reye d.Byler

a.Wilson

Hepatitis with the presence of autoantibodies and positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) is A. autoimmune hepatitis B. hepatitis A C. hepatitis D D. .hepatitis B.

a.autoimmune hepatitis

Clinical manifestations of hypoparathyroidism a.result from decreased serum ionized calcium b.are similar to those occurring with hypokalemia c.result from decreased neuromuscular excitability d.are similar to those occurring with hypermagnesemia

a.result from decreased serum ionized calcium

Diabetes mellitus is the ________ leading cause of death and a major cause of disability in the United States. a.seventh b.first c.fourth d.second

a.seventh

Appendicitis present with?

acute right lower quad pain associated with rebound tenderness and systemic signs of inflammation

More than half of the initial cases of pancreatitis are associated with

alcoholism

what are two serums that we look for that is associated with pancreatitis ?

amylase & lipase

what are some macrovascular condition?

aortic stenosis

Gastric ulcer can present with?

epigastric pain relieved by food

A patient with inadequate ADH secretion will release what??

excessive amount of fluid/urine

steato means

fat

steatohepatitis is an accumulation of______

fat in the liver cells

gastric ulcer can present with epigastric pain relieved by____

food

Untreated acute cholecystitis may lead to ________ of the gallbladder wall.

ganggrene

what is a major predictor of type 2 DM ?

obesity

Necrotizing enterocolitis

occurs in premature infants

Dumping syndrome is commonly seen after __________ procedures.

gastric bypass

A patient with a history of alcoholism presents with hematemesis and profound anemia. The expected diagnosis is

gastroesophageal varices

what is the blood panel called when determining factors for diagnosing a patient with diabetes as well as management ??

glycosylate hemoglobin (HBa1c)

what does chemotherapy attack

good and bad rapidly dividing cells stomach

A patient with hiatal hernia will present symptoms of_____

heart burn

hiatal hernia will present with what?

heartburn

Celiac sprue is a malabsorptive disorder associated with_______?

inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods

type 1 diabetes patients lack _______ so it is important for them to have medication.

insulin

the synthesis of thyroid hormone is inhibited by______

iodine deficiency

Barrett's esophagus

is a preneoplastic condition

macro-vascular is?

large vessels

Jaundice is a common finding in _________

liver disease

premature infants are at greater risk for developing ?

necrotizing enterocolitis

Type 2 DM is associated with

nonketotic hyperosmolality

The underlying pathogenic mechanism for type 1 diabetes is

pancreatic β-cell destruction

what are the 3 clinical manifestations of type 1 DM??

polyuria polydipsia polyphagia

Esophageal varices represent a complication of ________ hypertension.

portal

It is true that growth hormone excess in adults

results in the condition of acromegaly

What are some microvascular conditions?

retinopathy nephropathy

micro-vessels

small vessels

when amylase & lipase are evelavated what does it let us know?

that they have pancreatitis

iodine is needed to synthesize ______?

thyroid hormone

polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia are clinical findings for_____

type 1 DM

Gallstones are more common in?

women

gallstones are more common in men or women?

women

Gastroesophageal varices will present with?

A history of alcoholism with hematemisis and profound anemia

Celiac sprue is a malabsorptive disorder from what?

A reaction to gluten containing food

Colon cancer has a warning sign of?

Change in bowel habits

Stomatitis may be caused by?

Chemotherapy

Liver transaminase elevations in which aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is markedly greater than alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is characteristic of a.cirrhosis b.viral hepatitis c.alcohol-induced injury d.acetaminophen toxicity.

c.alcohol-induced injury

What finding should prompt further diagnostic testing in a child presenting with diarrhea? a.Greenish, watery diarrhea b.Frequent, large-volume diarrhea c.Blood and mucus in the stools d.Periumbilical discomfort

c.Blood and mucus in the stools

Pathophysiologically, esophageal varices can be attributed to a.diminished protein metabolism b.elevated bilirubin c.fluid accumulation d.portal hypertension

d. portal hypertension

What finding would rule out a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome in a patient with chronic diarrhea? a.Abdominal pain and distention b.Intermittent constipation c.Negative stool leukocytes d.Bloody stools

d.Bloody stools

What indicator is most helpful in evaluating long-term blood glucose management in patients with diabetes mellitus? a.Blood glucose levels b.Clinical manifestations of hyperglycemia c.Urine glucose levels d.Glycosylated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c)

d.Glycosylated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c)

Aldosterone secretion is regulated by the presence of ________ in the circulation. a.corticoglobulin b.progesterone c.ACTH d.angiotensin II

d.angiotensin II

The most common causes of prehepatic jaundice are ________ and ineffective erythropoiesis. a.canalicular bilirubin transport b.metabolism c.fibrosis d.hemolysis

d.hemolysis

The finding of hypotension, rigid abdomen, and absent bowel sounds in a patient with pancreatitis a.is an expected finding and requires no specific intervention b.is an unusual finding in pancreatitis and indicates misdiagnosis c.requires immediate surgical intervention d.indicates peritonitis with substantial risk for sepsis and shock

d.indicates peritonitis with substantial risk for sepsis and shock

Celiac sprue is a malabsorptive disorder associated with a.mega colon at regions of autonomic denervation b.deficient production of pancreatic enzymes c.ulceration of the distal colon and rectum d.inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods

d.inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods.

Narcotic administration should be administered carefully in patients with acute pancreatitis related to potential for a.respiratory depression b.narcotic dependency c.allergic reaction d.sphincter of Oddi dysfunction

d.sphincter of Oddi dysfunction

It is true that biliary cancer a.are identifiable and treatable when diagnosed early b.respond well to chemotherapy c.is most often cured by surgery d.tend to be asymptomatic and progress insidiously

d.tend to be asymptomatic and progress insidiously