Patho Wk 7 Ch (36, 37, 38, 40, 41) Song WCU, WEEK 7 PATHO 370, Week 7 Patho WCU, Patho Week 7 Quiz, WCU Patho Week 7 - Ch. 36, 37, 38, 41
Diabetic neuropathy is thought to result from a.deficient neuronal insulin receptors b.neuronal demyelination c.decreased myoinositol transport d.elevated HbA1c.
c.decreased myoinositol transport
A laboratory finding that would help confirm the diagnosis of hyperaldosteronism is a.hyperglycemia b.hypernatremia c.hypokalemia d.hyperkalemia.
c.hypokalemia
Constipation in an elderly patient can be best treated by a.maintaining a low-fiber diet b.maintaining the current level of activity c.increasing fiber in the diet d.fecal disimpaction.
c.increasing fiber in the diet
Rupture of esophageal varices is a complication of cirrhosis with portal hypertension and carries a high ________ rate. a.morbidity b.insurance c.mortality d.cure
c.mortality
Radioactive iodine treatment is the therapy of choice in patients with Graves disease. The patient should be expected to a.receive lifelong iodine treatment b.achieve full recovery after treatment c.need lifelong thyroid replacement therapy d.need short-term thyroid replacement therapy
c.need lifelong thyroid replacement therapy
It is true that growth hormone excess in adults a.is usually asymptomatic b.is associated with hypoglycemia c.results in the condition of acromegaly d.leads to abnormally tall stature.
c.results in the condition of acromegaly
what are some therapies for type 1 DM?
carbohydrate counting daily exercise insulin
hypoglycemia will present with_______
tremors
decrease of myoionositol can cause? a. cardiac issues b. numbness c. tingling d. nerve transport is not happening
b c d
More than half of the initial cases of pancreatitis are associated with a.stones b.alcoholism c.trauma d.high cholesterol.
b.alcoholism
Proton pump inhibitors may be used in the management of peptic ulcer disease to a.neutralize gastric acid b.decrease hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion c.inhibit secretion of pepsinogen d.increase gastric motility.
b.decrease hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion
Dumping syndrome is commonly seen after __________ procedures. a.colonoscopy b.gastric bypass c.appendectomy d.intestinal biopsy
b.gastric bypass
A patient with a history of alcoholism presents with hematemesis and profound anemia. The expected diagnosis is a.hepatic encephalopathy b.gastroesophageal varices c.cerebral edema d.ascites
b.gastroesophageal varices
The signs and symptoms of adrenocortical hormone excess may occur from either a primary or secondary disorder. A symptom associated with primary Cushing syndrome is a.hyperpigmentation b.hyperglycemia c.hyperkalemia d.hypotension.
b.hyperglycemia
Myxedema coma is a severe condition associated with a.pheochromocytoma b.hypothyroidism c.hyperthermia d.acute cortisol insufficiency
b.hypothyroidism
The American Diabetes Association recommends a postprandial blood glucose level of ________ mg/dL for adults with diabetes. A.130 B. less than 180 C. 70 D.more than 180
b.less than 180
A patient being treated for hepatic encephalopathy could be expected to receive a(n) ________ diet. a.high-protein and high-carbohydrate b.low-protein and high-fiber c.unrestricted d.high-sodium
b.low-protein and high-fiber
A type of insulin that would be most appropriate for acute management of hyperglycemia is a.Ultralente b.regular c.Semilente d.NPH
b.regular
Hepatitis B is usually transmitted by exposure to
blood or semen
Ulcerative colitis is commonly associated with______?
bloody diarrhea
What effect would adrenocortical insufficiency have on an individual's response to surgical stress? a.More susceptible to hypertensive crisis b.Decreased sensitivity to anesthesia c.More prone to hypotension d.More prone to hyperglycemia
c. More prone to hypotension
An infusion of mannitol would be prescribed to treat a.varices b.encephalopathy c.cerebral edema d.peritonitis
c. edema
Most gallstones are composed of a.bile b.uric acid salts c.cholesterol d.calcium.
c.cholesterol
Stomatitis may be caused by______
chemotherapy
H Pylori is a cause for?
chronic gastritis
Chronic pancreatitis may lead to a.Crohn disease b.gallstones c.celiac sprue d.diabetes mellitus
d.diabetes mellitus
Untreated acute cholecystitis may lead to ________ of the gallbladder wall. a.infection b.distention c.inflammation d.gangrene
d.gangrene
Diabetic neuropathy is due to _______ in myionositol.
decrease
Dumping syndrome is seen after?
Gastric Bypass Surgery
polyphasic means
increase in hunger
polydipsia means
increase in thirst
polyuria means
increase in urine
The underlying pathogenic mechanism for type 2 diabetes is
insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction.
Diabetes insipudus is a result from inadequate
ADH secretion
A patient is getting a (HBSAg) surface antigen what kind of Hep B is it?
Acute Hep B
ulcerative colitis is associated with?
Bloody diarrhea
Untreated acute cholecystitis may lead to?
Gangrene
esophageal varices are associated with?
Portal hypertension
Hypoglycemia symptoms
Tremor Body process of glucose light headed weakness
rupture of esophageal varices has...
a high mortality rate
In the United States, nearly ________ people have diabetes mellitus. a.29.1 million b.176 billion c.7 million d.366 million
a.29.1 million
What clinical finding would suggest an esophageal cause of a client's report of dysphagia? a.Chest pain during meals b.Airway obstruction with swallowing c.Coughing when swallowing d.Nasal regurgitation
a.Chest pain during meals
What form of viral hepatitis is likely to be transmitted sexually? a.Hepatitis B b.Hepatitis C c.Hepatitis E d.Hepatitis A
a.Hepatitis B
Which response to an injection of ACTH indicates a primary adrenal insufficiency? a.No change in serum glucocorticoid level b.An increase in serum ACTH level c.An increase in serum glucocorticoid level d.A decrease in serum glucose level
a.No change in serum glucocorticoid level
________ disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which excessive amounts of copper accumulate in the liver. a.Wilson b.Kayser-Fleischer c.Reye d.Byler
a.Wilson
Hepatitis with the presence of autoantibodies and positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) is A. autoimmune hepatitis B. hepatitis A C. hepatitis D D. .hepatitis B.
a.autoimmune hepatitis
Clinical manifestations of hypoparathyroidism a.result from decreased serum ionized calcium b.are similar to those occurring with hypokalemia c.result from decreased neuromuscular excitability d.are similar to those occurring with hypermagnesemia
a.result from decreased serum ionized calcium
Diabetes mellitus is the ________ leading cause of death and a major cause of disability in the United States. a.seventh b.first c.fourth d.second
a.seventh
Appendicitis present with?
acute right lower quad pain associated with rebound tenderness and systemic signs of inflammation
More than half of the initial cases of pancreatitis are associated with
alcoholism
what are two serums that we look for that is associated with pancreatitis ?
amylase & lipase
what are some macrovascular condition?
aortic stenosis
Gastric ulcer can present with?
epigastric pain relieved by food
A patient with inadequate ADH secretion will release what??
excessive amount of fluid/urine
steato means
fat
steatohepatitis is an accumulation of______
fat in the liver cells
gastric ulcer can present with epigastric pain relieved by____
food
Untreated acute cholecystitis may lead to ________ of the gallbladder wall.
ganggrene
what is a major predictor of type 2 DM ?
obesity
Necrotizing enterocolitis
occurs in premature infants
Dumping syndrome is commonly seen after __________ procedures.
gastric bypass
A patient with a history of alcoholism presents with hematemesis and profound anemia. The expected diagnosis is
gastroesophageal varices
what is the blood panel called when determining factors for diagnosing a patient with diabetes as well as management ??
glycosylate hemoglobin (HBa1c)
what does chemotherapy attack
good and bad rapidly dividing cells stomach
A patient with hiatal hernia will present symptoms of_____
heart burn
hiatal hernia will present with what?
heartburn
Celiac sprue is a malabsorptive disorder associated with_______?
inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods
type 1 diabetes patients lack _______ so it is important for them to have medication.
insulin
the synthesis of thyroid hormone is inhibited by______
iodine deficiency
Barrett's esophagus
is a preneoplastic condition
macro-vascular is?
large vessels
Jaundice is a common finding in _________
liver disease
premature infants are at greater risk for developing ?
necrotizing enterocolitis
Type 2 DM is associated with
nonketotic hyperosmolality
The underlying pathogenic mechanism for type 1 diabetes is
pancreatic β-cell destruction
what are the 3 clinical manifestations of type 1 DM??
polyuria polydipsia polyphagia
Esophageal varices represent a complication of ________ hypertension.
portal
It is true that growth hormone excess in adults
results in the condition of acromegaly
What are some microvascular conditions?
retinopathy nephropathy
micro-vessels
small vessels
when amylase & lipase are evelavated what does it let us know?
that they have pancreatitis
iodine is needed to synthesize ______?
thyroid hormone
polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia are clinical findings for_____
type 1 DM
Gallstones are more common in?
women
gallstones are more common in men or women?
women
Gastroesophageal varices will present with?
A history of alcoholism with hematemisis and profound anemia
Celiac sprue is a malabsorptive disorder from what?
A reaction to gluten containing food
Colon cancer has a warning sign of?
Change in bowel habits
Stomatitis may be caused by?
Chemotherapy
Liver transaminase elevations in which aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is markedly greater than alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is characteristic of a.cirrhosis b.viral hepatitis c.alcohol-induced injury d.acetaminophen toxicity.
c.alcohol-induced injury
What finding should prompt further diagnostic testing in a child presenting with diarrhea? a.Greenish, watery diarrhea b.Frequent, large-volume diarrhea c.Blood and mucus in the stools d.Periumbilical discomfort
c.Blood and mucus in the stools
Pathophysiologically, esophageal varices can be attributed to a.diminished protein metabolism b.elevated bilirubin c.fluid accumulation d.portal hypertension
d. portal hypertension
What finding would rule out a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome in a patient with chronic diarrhea? a.Abdominal pain and distention b.Intermittent constipation c.Negative stool leukocytes d.Bloody stools
d.Bloody stools
What indicator is most helpful in evaluating long-term blood glucose management in patients with diabetes mellitus? a.Blood glucose levels b.Clinical manifestations of hyperglycemia c.Urine glucose levels d.Glycosylated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c)
d.Glycosylated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c)
Aldosterone secretion is regulated by the presence of ________ in the circulation. a.corticoglobulin b.progesterone c.ACTH d.angiotensin II
d.angiotensin II
The most common causes of prehepatic jaundice are ________ and ineffective erythropoiesis. a.canalicular bilirubin transport b.metabolism c.fibrosis d.hemolysis
d.hemolysis
The finding of hypotension, rigid abdomen, and absent bowel sounds in a patient with pancreatitis a.is an expected finding and requires no specific intervention b.is an unusual finding in pancreatitis and indicates misdiagnosis c.requires immediate surgical intervention d.indicates peritonitis with substantial risk for sepsis and shock
d.indicates peritonitis with substantial risk for sepsis and shock
Celiac sprue is a malabsorptive disorder associated with a.mega colon at regions of autonomic denervation b.deficient production of pancreatic enzymes c.ulceration of the distal colon and rectum d.inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods
d.inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods.
Narcotic administration should be administered carefully in patients with acute pancreatitis related to potential for a.respiratory depression b.narcotic dependency c.allergic reaction d.sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
d.sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
It is true that biliary cancer a.are identifiable and treatable when diagnosed early b.respond well to chemotherapy c.is most often cured by surgery d.tend to be asymptomatic and progress insidiously
d.tend to be asymptomatic and progress insidiously