pathophysiology Chapter 1
Endemic
A disease that is continuously present in a particular region
Complication
A new disease process arising secondarily to another disease.
Epidemiology is the study of disease expression in individuals
False
Homeostatic control mechanisms function primarily during disease states
False
Illness and disease always coexist
False
Most homeostatic mechanisms function via positive feedback loops
False
The etiology and pathogenesis of most disease states have been well defined by research
False
Values outside the normal ranges for a particular variable are always indicative disease
False
Cortisol is a stress hormone released from the adrenal medulla
False- released by adrenal gland- anterior pituitary
Which of the following assessment findings indicates as alteration in homeostatic control mechanisms?
Fever
After suffering a heart attack, a middle aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol lowering medication. This is an example of
Tertiary prevention
Etiology
The known cause of a disease process.
A change in a physiologic variable is more significant than rheas site values
True
Cortisol decreases the inflammatory response
True
Most of the hormones released with stress serve to increase blood glucose
True
Normal ranges for physiologic parameters are arbitrarily defined based on population sampling.
True
Normalcy is culturally defined
True
Idiopathic
Without known cause
C.Q. Was recently exposed to a group A hemolytic streptococcus and subsequently developed a pharyngeal infection. His clinical examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3 fever, skin rash, and reddened mucosa with multiple pustules . He complains of sore throat, malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for streptococcus and antibiotics have been prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.'s disease is
A streptococcal infection.
Remission
An abatement or decline in disease manifestations
Sub clinical
An absence of clinical manifestations despite the presence of a disease
Latrogenic
An adverse condition occurring as a result of medical intervention
Pandemic
An epidemic that distributes to a large geographic are
Exacerbation
An increase in the severity of disease signs and symptoms
Sequela
Common problems following a disease process.
A 17 year old college bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This an example of
Primary prevention
A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium intake. This an example of
Secondary prevention
An obese bunt otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low calorie diet and exercise program. This is an example of
Secondary prevention
Most homeostatic mechanisms function on a negative feedback principle which facilitates
Steady state stability
Which of the following is a statement about disease pathogenesis
Streptococcal infection activates immune cells, leading to inflammation.
