Pearson's Anatomy Practice Test Module 1

Provide an example of a positive feedback mechanism?

Blood clotting

Order in increasing complexity levels? tissue, organ, cellular, organ system

Cellular, tissue, organ, organ system

Which choice below is NOT one of the three components of homeostatic control systems? A. The effector B. Receptor (senses the change) C. The control center D. Stimulus (cause of the initial change)

D. Stimulus

The human body as a whole is enclosed and protected by the integumentary system. Which necessary life function does this represent?

Maintaining Boundaries

If the human body temperature drops slightly below 37° C (98.6° F), the following occurs:

Metabolic reactions become slower

Which of the following statements is correct? Potential energy is stored energy, which has the capacity to do work, but is not presently doing so. Potential energy is energy that has achieved its potential—energy in action, seen in the constant movement of the tiniest particles of matter, as well as in larger objects. Potential energy is energy that travels in waves, and includes visible light and radio waves. Potential energy is energy that cannot be converted to kinetic energy.

Potential energy is stored energy, which has the capacity to do work, but is not presently doing so.

What of the following is the regional term designating the midline of the body?

The axial part

Which of the following is true of atoms?

...

Which of the following statements is correct? A. The breastbone is ventral to the spine. B. The heart is ventral to the breastbone. C. The heart is posterior to the spine. D. The breastbone is posterior to the spine.

A. The breastbone is ventral to the spine.

Physiology is A. The study of how the body parts work and carry out their life-sustaining activities. B. The study of tissues. C. The study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another. D. The study of all chemical reactions that occur within body cells.

A. The study of how the body parts work and carry out their life-sustaining activities.

A serosa, or serous membrane, can be found within which one of the following body cavities? A. The ventral body cavity B. The spinal cavity C. The dorsal body cavity D. The cranial cavity

A. The ventral body cavity

Which of the following is not the result of a negative feedback mechanism?

Blood clotting when the lining of a blood vessel is injured.

Which of the following is NOT a necessary human life function? A. Metabolism B. Movement C. Excretion D. Responsiveness E. Reasoning

E. Reasoning

True or False: Homeostasis is a function carried out solely by the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

False

True or False: Tissues are made up of several different but closely related organs.

False

Which of the following statements is correct? A. The navel is superior to the chin. B. The navel is medial to the chin. C. The chin is cranial to the navel. D. The navel is lateral to the chin.

C. The chin is cranial to the navel.

Which one of the following covers an organ? A. parietal pleura B. parietal pericardium C. visceral pericardium D. parietal peritoneum

C. visceral pericardium

Which of the following is a property of matter? In all cases, matter can be seen, smelled and felt. The weight of matter remains constant wherever the object is. Mass of an object can change depending upon a variety of factors including gravitational pull, atmospheric pressure and temperature. Matter can exist in solid, liquid, or gaseous states.

Matter can exist in solid, liquid, or gaseous states.

Which of the following is not one of the four basic elements that comprise approximately 96% of a human's body weight? Potassium Oxygen Hydrogen Carbon

Potassium

Which of the following would be an example of positive feedback?

Release of oxytocin to increase the strength of labor contractions

The ability to sense changes in the environment and respond to them is a physiological ability known as:

Responsiveness

The branch of anatomy that traces structural changes that occur in the body throughout the life span is referred to as:

developmental anatomy

The midsagittal plane:

divides the body in two equal but non-identical left and right parts along the midline.

Positron emission tomography (PET):

excels in observing metabolic processes.

The plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts is a/an _______.

frontal (coronal) plane.

Something with a pH of 10 would _____. be described as being acidic be described as being neutral have fewer H+ ions than OH- ions have more H+ ions than OH- ions

have fewer H+ ions than OH- ions

All the following are true about serous fluid, except that: it is secreted by both visceral and parietal serosa. it increases the friction produced by the movement of the organs with which it is associated. it allows freedom of movement between the two layers of serosa. it fills the potential space between the visceral and parietal serosa.

it increases the friction produced by the movement of the organs with which it is associated.

The spleen is the largest organ in the:

lymphatic system.

Which type of anatomy requires magnification to study?

microscopic anatomy

Which of the following body systems acts as a fast-acting control system for the body? nervous, endocrine, respiratory, reproductive, skeletal

nervous

Which level represents the sum total of all structural levels working together to keep us alive?

organismal level

The heart is located in the ______.

pericardial cavity.

Homeostatic imbalance has occurred when a:

person becomes ill.

The respiratory system contains the:

trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

True or False: The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus.

True

True or false: Embryology is a subdivision of anatomy that deals with developmental changes that occur before birth.

True

True or false: It is possible for slight anatomical variations to occur in a human body; for example, a nerve or blood vessel may be somewhat out of place, or a small muscle may be missing.

True

True or false: Metabolism includes breaking down substances into their simpler building blocks, synthesizing complex cellular structures from simpler substances, and using nutrients and oxygen to produce ATP.

True

True or false: The coronal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

True

If the pH or temperature of the environment that contains a protein is altered dramatically, then the protein may:

become denatured.

Which internal organ is NOT housed in the ventral body cavity? brain, heart, stomach, lung

brain

The visceral serosa membrane covers:

the outer surface of organs in a body cavity.

Blood flows in one direction through the heart because the heart has valves that prevent backflow. what principle does this illustrate?

the principle of complementarity of structure and function.

True or false: The knee is distal to the thigh.

True

describe a sagittal plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts.

Approximately what percentage of the air we breathe is made of oxygen?

20%

Match the following organic molecules to their biochemical building blocks/precursors. A. DNA B. Lipids C. Proteins D. Carbohydrates 1. Amino Acids 2. Nucleotides 3. Glycerol and fatty acids 4. Monosaccharides

2A 3B 1C 4D

Which processes require a receptor, a control center, and an effector?

Homeostatic control

Which of the following is true of an isotope? All isotopes of a given element are found in equal amounts in nature. Isotopes have the same number of protons, but differ in the number of neutrons they contain. Isotopes only exist for a few elements. Isotopes have the same number of neutrons, but differ in the number of protons they contain.

Isotopes have the same number of protons, but differ in the number of neutrons they contain.

What is true of positive feedback mechanisms?

The result or response enhances the original stimulus, and the response is accelerated.

______ lies in the dorsal cavity?

The spinal cord

Which of the following best describes macroscopic anatomy? A. The study of structural changes caused by disease. B. The study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys. C. The study of structural changes that occur in the body throughout one's lifespan. D. The study of structures too small to be seen with the naked eye.

The study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys.

The ventral body cavity is subdivided into which cavities?

The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

All of the following are correct when placing the body in the anatomical position, except: The feet are slightly apart The thumbs are pointing medially The palms are facing forward The body is "standing to attention"

The thumbs are pointing medially

Which of the following is/are not included in axial part of the body? The head The trunk The upper limbs The neck

The upper limbs

Why are directional terms so important?

They allow us to explain where one body structure is in relation to another.

True or False: A homeostatic mechanism has at least three parts: receptor, control center, and effector.

True

True or False: All organic molecules contain carbon.

True

True or False: Arms, legs, fingers, and toes belong to the appendicular part of the human body.

True

True or False: In order to maintain overall homeostatic balance, at least several different variables must be monitored and regulated.

True

True or False: Negative feedback mechanisms are characterized by having the output of a system cause a change in the system, and, as a result, less of the output is eventually produced.

True

The appendix lies in the right lower part of the trunk, or the __________.

right inguinal region.

A person with appendicitis will most often present with pain in the:

right lower quadrant.

Which body system functions to produce blood cells?

skeletal

The cranial cavity is housed in:

the dorsal body cavity.

The cavity which holds an eye is:____________________.

the orbital cavity.