Pediatric Drugs
What is the percentage of total body water in a premature newborn? 1. 55% 2. 65% 3. 75% 4. 85%
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Which vaccine may cause intussusception in children? 1. Rotavirus 2. Hepatitis 3. MMR 4. Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis
1, Rotavirus vaccines very rarely cause intussusception, a form of bowel obstruction in which the bowel telescopes in on itself
A nurse is teaching parents of toddlers about why children receiving specific medications should not receive varicella vaccines. Which medication will be included in the discussion? 1. Insulin 2. Steroids 3. Antibiotics 4. Anticonvulsants
2, Steroids have an immunosuppressive effect. It is thought that resistance to certain viral diseases, including varicella, is greatly decreased when a child takes steroids regularly
Which antiepileptic drug is used as the first-line treatment for absence seizures? 1. Phenytoin 2. Diazepam 3. Valproic acid 4. Acetazolamide
3, absence seizure involves staring spells
Which preparations use toxoids but not live viruses? Select all that apply. 1. Rotarix 2. Varivax 3. MMR II 4. PEDIARIX 5. DAPTACEL
4, 5, PEDIARIX consists of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids plus inactivated bacterial components of pertussis, inactive viral antigen of hepatitis B, and inactivated poliovirus vaccine. DAPTACEL is a preparation consisting of toxoids plus inactive bacterial and viral components of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine. Rotarix, Varivax, and M-M-R II are preparations containing live viruses
The nurse is teaching a parent of a 2-year-old toddler how to administer ear drops. In what direction does the nurse teach the parent to gently pull the pinna? 1. Forward 2. Up and back 3. Straight back 4. Down and back
4, In children younger than 3 years of age the eustachian tube is shorter, wider, and more horizontal. Pulling the pinna down and back facilitates passage of fluid by way of gravity to the eardrum
Which drug class may cause kernicterus in neonates? 1. Salicylates 2. Tetracyclines 3. Sulfonamides 4. Glucocorticoids
3, kernicertus is brain damage caused by jaundice, most sulfa drugs are antibiotics