Pediatrics Cardiac Review Q's
An infant is admitted to the pediatric unit with the diagnosis of heart failure. What should the nurse include in the infant's plan of care? 1 Increase the infant's fluid intake. 2 Position the infant flat on the back. 3 Offer the infant small, frequent feedings. 4 Measure the infant's head circumferenc
3. - d/t extreme fatigue from HF, small frequent feedings are recommended - position should be upper body elevated
A school-aged child is brought to the emergency department with partial- and full-thickness burns of the lower extremities. The practitioner writes multiple prescriptions. What is the nurse's priority intervention? 1. Administering oxygen 2. Inserting a urinary catheter 3. Giving prescribed pain medication 4. Starting an intravenous line with a large-bore catheter
4. fluids airway not important d/t location of burns (legs)
A 1 y.o. child has a congenital cardiac malformation that causes right to left shunting of blood through the heart. What clinical finding should the nurse expect? a. proteinuria b. peripheral edema c. increased hematocrit d. absence of pedal pulses
d. d/t polycythemia !! -edema is left to right shunting -absence of pedal pulses is Coarctation of Aorta
An infant with a congenital heart defect is returned to the unit after cardiac catheterization. The nurse manager is observing a nurse newly assigned to the unit. Which nursing intervention should the nurse manager interrupt? 1.Offering fluids and foods as tolerated 2. Performing range-of-motion exercises 3. Monitoring the apical pulse for rate and rhythm 4. Assessing the pulses distal to the catheterization site
2. Range-of-motion exercises of the limb bearing the catheterization site might cause the dislodgement of a clot and result in hemorrhage. Intake should start with fluids and progress as tolerated. The apical pulse is monitored because a common complication after cardiac catheterization involves disturbances of cardiac rate and rhythm. The peripheral pulses are assessed because formation of thrombi is a complication of cardiac catheterization.
A 6-month-old infant has a congenital right-to-left shunt defect of the heart. What clinical findings are expected when the nurse completes a history and physical assessment and reviews the child's laboratory reports? Select all that apply. 1. Orthopnea 2. Tissue hypoxia 3. Increased hematocrit 4. Frequent respiratory infections 5. Bounding pulses in upper extremities
2.3. tissue hypoxia, increased hematocrit - frequent resp. infections = left to right shunting
A 4-year-old child is receiving prednisone. Which immunizations are safe for the child to receive? Select all that apply. 1. Rubeola 2. Pertussis 3. Varicella 4. Inactivated poliovirus 5. Tetanus immune globulin
2.4.5. Pertussis, Inactivated polio virus, Tetanus - rubella + varicella are live vaccines >> not good for immunosuppressed child
A 10-year-old child who was rescued from a house fire is brought to the emergency department with burns of the extremities. During assessment of the child, what finding is of most concern to the nurse? 1 Increased temperature 2 Increasing activity level 3 Burns around the mouth 4 Edema distal to the burns
3. burns around mouth -could be inhalation burn >> obstructs airway dt edema
A nurse in the pediatric clinic is teaching a mother how to care for her infant who has eczema. What is most important for the nurse to teach the mother? 1 Ensuring physical growth 2 Identifying causative factors 3 Providing adequate hydration 4 Preventing secondary infections
4.
An infant who has a congenital heart defect with left-to-right shunting of blood is admitted to the pediatric unit. What early sign of heart failure should the nurse identify? 1. Cyanosis 2. Restlessness 3. Decreased heart rate 4. Increased respiratory rate
4. - cyanosis = late sign of HF - not restless - will be tired d/t fatigue quickly - HR in early HF increases, not decreases