PEDS exam 2

A) Assess placement of the elbow restraints

A 2-month-old infant with a cleft lip is transferred to the pediatric floor immediately following surgical repair of the defect. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform? A) Assess placement of the elbow restraints B) Assess placement of the gastrostomy tube C) Monitor the child for signs of hypokalemia D) Monitor the child for passage of tarry stools

A) Place a sign at the head of the bed stating, "Do not touch abdomen."

A 3-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit for surgery. The child has a tumor in his left kidney. The child is to undergo surgery the next day. Which of the following primary health-care practitioner prescriptions is most important for the nurse to follow? A) Place a sign at the head of the bed stating, "Do not touch abdomen." B) Maintain the child NPO after midnight C) Send a urine specimen for a urinalysis D) Send a blood specimen for electrolyte analysis

A) Crayons and paper

A 6-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerular nephritis. Which of the following toys/activities would be most appropriate for the nurse to provide to the child? A) Crayons and paper B) Push and pull toy C) Bean bags and target D) Set of blocks

A) Regular patient room with 8-year-old child in traction for a broken femur

A 6-year-old with antistreptolysin antibodies and negative cultures is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerular nephritis. It would be most appropriate for the nurse to admit the child into which of following rooms? A) Regular patient room with 8-year-old child in traction for a broken femur B) Isolation room on droplet isolation with no roommate C) Isolation room on droplet and contact isolation with a child with bronchiolitis D) Regular patient room with 6-year-old child with diabetes for insulin control

A) Severe headaches with blurred vision should be reported to the prescribing practitioner

A 7-year-old child has been prescribed desmopressin (DDAVP) 20 mcg intranasal (10 mcg in each nostril) for nocturnal enuresis. Which of the following information regarding the medication should the nurse include in the parent/child teaching session? A) Severe headaches with blurred vision should be reported to the prescribing practitioner B) Child must consume at least five cups of fluid each day C) Medication should be stored in the freezer between administrations D) Spray should be administered into the nostrils while the child is lying with head extended

A) The child must take all of the medication

A 7-year-old child has been prescribed penicillin V for streptococcal pharyngitis. Which of the following information should the nurse teach the parents regarding the medication? A) The child must take all of the medication B) Once the child starts the medication, he will no longer be contagious C) The child's fever may persist until all of the medicine has been taken D) If given with food, the medicine will be ineffective

A) Currant jelly stools

A baby is admitted with a diagnosis of intussusception. Which of the following signs/symptoms would the nurse expect to see? A) Currant jelly stools B) Projective vomiting C) Acute constipation D) Explosive flatus

A) Synagis (palivizumab)

A baby is born 12 weeks preterm. The nurse should determine that which of the following monthly medication injections would be appropriate for this child to receive? A) Synagis (palivizumab) B) Hepatitis B immune globulin C) Pulmozyme (dornase alfa) D) Varicella-zoster immune globulin

A) Cover the defect with a moist, sterile dressing

A baby was just born with a gastroschisis. Which of the following actions by the nurse is priority? A) Cover the defect with a moist, sterile dressing B) Inform the parents regarding the etiology of the defect C) Administer intravenous antibiotics as ordered D) Educate the parents regarding the surgical repair

A) To prepare the baby for an air enema

A baby, with a history of cystic fibrosis, is admitted to the emergency department. The baby is crying loudly and drawing his legs up toward his abdomen. A diagnosis of intussusception is made. Which of the following orders would the nurse expect to receive at this time? A) To prepare the baby for an air enema B) To administer a corticosteroid medication C) To prepare the baby for abdominal surgery D) To administer an antispasmodic medication

A) ribbon-like stools B) chronic constipation C) distended abdomen D) delayed meconium passage

A child has been diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect the parents to report in the child's history? Select all that apply? A) Ribbon-like stools B) Chronic constipation C) Distended abdomen D) Delayed meconium passage E) Black and tarry stools

A) Not to allow the child's head to be submerged in bath or pool water

A child has had tympanostomy tubes inserted. Before discharging the child from the hospital, which of the following should be included in the nurse's discharge teaching? A) Not to allow the child's head to be submerged in bath or pool water B) Elevate the head of the child's bed 30 degrees for the next week C) Bright-red bleeding may drain from the ears for remainder of the day D) Administer narcotic analgesic every 4 hours for the next two days

A) Hypoalbuminemia

A child is admitted to the pediatric unit with nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following laboratory results would the nurse expect to see? A) Hypoalbuminemia B) Thrombocytopenia C) Neutropenia D) Hypermagnesemia

A) Monitor the child for excessive swallowing

A child is being sent home after a tonsillectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse educate the parents to perform? A) Monitor the child for excessive swallowing B) Place warm compresses around the child's neck C) Encourage child to drink cold citrus juices D) Position child supine for the next six hours

A) Get immediate medical attention for the child

A child is seen in the emergency department. The nurse hears a high-pitched squeal every time the child inhales. The parent states that the child's fever is very high and, in addition, the child is gasping for breath and sitting in the tripod position. Which of the following actions would be appropriate for the nurse to perform at this time? A) Get immediate medical attention for the child B) Provide the child with warm liquids to drink C) Inspect the throat with a flashlight and tongue blade D) Check the child's vital signs and lung fields

A) Gastric distress

A child with nephrotic syndrome has been prescribed prednisone. The nurse should monitor the child for which of the following medication side effects? A) Gastric distress B) Bradycardia C) Hypoglycemia D) Weight loss

A) Thick respiratory mucus

A newborn baby has been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF). Regarding which of the following characteristics of the disease should the nurse forewarn the parents? A) Thick respiratory mucus B) Chronic conjunctivitis C) Rapid weight gain D) Recurrent vomiting

A) Hemophilus influenzae type B

A nurse is educating a group of parents regarding the rationales for the administration of vaccinations. The nurse should advise the parents that the vaccine that prevents infections from which of the following diseases has helped to reduce the numbers of children diagnosed with bacterial croup? A) Hemophilus influenzae type b B) Hepatitis A C) Rotavirus D) Neisseria meningitidis

A) sunken fontanel

A one-month-old baby has been admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of pyloric stenosis. Which of the following assessments is highest priority for the nurse to report to the baby's primary health-care provider? A) Sunken fontanel B) Undigested emesis C) Apical heart rate of 156 bpm

A) Turkey meatloaf with baked potato

A school nurse is monitoring the eating patterns of a child with celiac disease. The nurse counsels the child to choose an alternate lunch when the child picks which of the following foods to put on the lunch tray? A) Turkey meatloaf with baked potato B) Corn taco with refried beans C) Rice noodles with beef and broccoli D) Breaded pork chop with applesauce

A) Child will be able to live a normal life after the surgical site heals

A young girl is being discharged from the pediatric unit after a left nephrectomy for Stage 1 Wilms' tumor of the left kidney and the first round of chemotherapy. The nurse is providing the parents with discharge planning. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? A) Child will be able to live a normal life after the surgical site heals B) Child will need to restrict fluids for the rest of his or her life C) Child will require dialysis until a kidney for transplant is found D) Child will have to take antirejection medications after surgery

A) Assess the child's peak expiratory flow

An 8-year-old child, who has a history of asthma, is seen in the office of the school nurse with coughing and wheezing. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first? A) Assess the child's peak expiratory flow B) Educate the child to avoid triggers C) Transport the child to the emergency department D) Notify the child's parents of his conditions

A) Potassium (K) 3.0 mEq/L

The child is severely dehydrated from a diarrheal illness. The nurse assesses the child's laboratory results. Which of the following results would the nurse expect to find? A) Potassium (K) 3.0 mEq/L B) Hematocrit (Hct) 30% C) Partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) 60 mm Hg D) Platelet (Plt) count 100,000 cells/mm3

A) "It is likely that the ear infection is caused by a virus, and antibiotics do not kill viruses."

The mother of a 3-year-old child who has been diagnosed with an ear infection states, "I can't understand why you won't give my child antibiotics. Can't you see that she is sick?" Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate at this time? A) "It is likely that the ear infection is caused by a virus, and antibiotics do not kill viruses." B) "I know how you feel, but the best medicine for your daughter right now is acetaminophen." C) "Your child will get better on her own in a few days." D) "I am also very surprised that the pediatrician didn't order antibiotics."

A) Copious quantities of oral mucus

The nurse in the delivery room suspects that a newly birthed baby may have an esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula because the baby is exhibiting which of the following signs and symptoms? A) Copious quantities of oral mucus B) Palpable mass in left lower quadrant C) Blood-tinged vomitus

A) "I can't eat any potato chips or other salty foods." B) "I won't be able to go back to soccer practice for a long time." C) "I'm going to have to go to the doctor's

The nurse is educating the parents and their 10-year-old child regarding home care for the child's diagnosis of acute glomerular nephritis. Which of the following statements by the child indicate that the child understood the teaching? Select all that apply. A) "I can't eat any potato chips or other salty foods." B) "I won't be able to go back to soccer practice for a long time." C) "I'm going to have to go to the doctor's office a lot during the next few months." D) "I can't go to school for a week because I am contagious." E) "When I get home, I will have to stay in bed, except when I need to go to the bathroom."

A) Just above the umbilicus, around the largest circumference of the abdomen

The nurse is measuring an abdominal girth on a child with abdominal distension. Identify the area on the child's abdomen where the tape measure should be placed for an accurate abdominal girth. A) Just above the umbilicus, around the largest circumference of the abdomen B) Below the umbilicus C) Just below the sternum D) Just above the pubic bone

A) The child will be free of infection B) The child will experience no tissue damage C) The child will have regular bowel movements

The oncologist caring for a child immediately post surgery for Wilms' tumor reports: the child is in Stage III. The child will go through a series of chemotherapy. Based on the proposed therapy, which of the following patient-care goals should be included in the child's nursing care plan? Select all that apply. A) The child will be free of infection B) The child will experience no tissue damage C) The child will have regular bowel movements D) The child will not complain of nausea and will not vomit E) The child will regress to the previous level of growth and development

A) "The tumor often starts growing in the kidney while the baby is still in the uterus."

The parent of a Hispanic American child who has been diagnosed with Wilms' Tumor asks the nurse about the origin of the tumor. Which of the following information should the nurse provide the parents? A) "The tumor often starts growing in the kidney while the baby is still in the uterus." B) "Nephroblastoma is a cancer that originated in another part of your child's body." C) "Wilms' tumor is especially prevalent in the Hispanic population" D) "The cancer is often seen in children who live in areas near nuclear reactors."

A) "You could try raising the head of the baby's crib by putting books under the crib's front feet."

The parent of an 18-month-old-child calls the child's primary health-care provider and states, "My child coughed all night long. She doesn't seem to be too sick, and she has no temperature. What can I do to help her and the rest of us to sleep tonight?" A) "You could try raising the head of the baby's crib by putting books under the crib's front feet." B) "It often helps to promote sleep by putting a steam vaporizer right next to the head of the baby's crib." C) "There are a number of very good nonprescription cough and cold medications at the pharmacy." D) "The baby probably needs antibiotics so let's make an appointment for her for this afternoon."