Personality Theory Chapter 4

What are the conditions of childhood required by everyone for self-realization?

a healthy friction with the wishes and will of those around them, an atmosphere of warmth, and the goodwill of others to supply various needs

Horney was the first person of stature in the psychoanalytic community to do what?

challenge the Freudian perspective of women, place the family and society in the center of neurotic development, assert that self-analysis could be an important source of development, and realize that masochism is a learned pattern of cultural behavior

What did Horney propose that the origin of neurosis stem from?

the alienation from the real center of our being

T/F Her own analysis convinced Horney that orthodox psychoanalytic theory was suitable with respect to the psychology of women

False

What did Horney conclude to be one of the strongest motivating forces for human beings?

the goal of self-realization

When did Horney move to the United States?

1932

T/F Basic anxiety is inherent in human nature: it is what it means to be human, and has nothing to do with factors in one's childhood environment

False

T/F Horney believed that there is in each of us a central force, common to all humankind, which is a deep source of growth that she called the "idealized self"

False

T/F The trend of moving toward people and the continual need for love and approval indicates the realization of the self through relationships

False

T/F The way an individual copes with anxiety has little to do with early family experiences, but is primarily the result of cultural and socioeconomic influences

False

T/F Horney agreed with Freud on the importance of unconscious motivation and the primacy of emotional over rational influences on behavior

True

T/F Horney argued that women chiefly envy the power that is attached to the patriarchal ideal and cultural manifestations of male privilege, rather than accepting Freud's belief that "anatomy is destiny"

True

T/F Horney made an important contribution to the psychoanalytical movement by bringing new awareness to, and placing emphasis on both family and culture in producing neurosis

True

T/F Horney may be considered one of the founders of humanistic psychology due to her emphasis on self-realization as the source of healthy values and the goal of life

True

Horney postulates what three ways that people act in order to gain the feelings of safety and satisfaction?

compulsive compliance (moving toward), compulsive aggression (moving against), compulsive detachment (moving away from)

For a woman according to Horney, why may penis envy signify?

envy for social power that is often available only to men

What were some of the important contributions of Karen Horney to personality psychology?

feminine psychology, idea that disturbed relationships and cultural influences replace biology as the most important cause of neurotic development, argument that individuals cope with with anxiety that is produced by feeling unsafe, unloved, and unvalued by developing strategies of defense and disowning their real feelings

What qualities are associated with compulsive detachment (moving away from)?

neurotic need for self-sufficiency, independence, perfection, unassailability

To what does Horney's term, "the search for glory" refer?

one's attempt to actualize one's idealized self

What qualities are associated with compulsive compliance (moving toward)?

self-sacrificing, needing love and approval

In her therapeutic work, what did Horney stress?

the cooperation of nature of the therapeutic process, recognition of the patient's defenses and their consequences (the forces that drive and inhibit a person), analysis of transference, the use of free association in her therapeutic work

What qualities are associated with compulsive aggression (moving against)?

the need for power, exploitation of others, need for prestige and personal achievement

What were the sources of inspiration for Horney's description of the "real self"?

the spiritual self of William James, the loss of self by Soren Kierkegaard, the concept of will described by Otto Rank, the zen concept of wholeheartedness