Unit 2: quiz 1 health
There are __________ minerals used by the human body to maintain health.
13
A calorie is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of_____________________________________
1kg of water 1 degree celsius
What is the best way to get the right amount of vitamins needed for proper growth and development?
A variety of foods must be eaten.
Maintaining a healthy body depends on:
Both vitamins and minerals
What is the body's primary energy source?
Carbohydrates
__________________are the body's primary and immediate source of energy.
Carbohydrates
_____________________________carbohydrates require a prolonged process of digestion in order to be broken down into glucose and help maintain proper blood sugar levels.
Complex
The best source of water is soda with caffeine. T or F
F
The body can survive 8-10 days without water. T or F
F
The body is less than 20 percent water. T or F
F
According to the text, the scientific definition of nutrition is: "the proper supply of nutrients essential for: __________"
Growth Reproduction Repair Immunity Energy
What is the basic difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?
Since fat-soluble vitamins can be stored there is not need to take daily, but water-soluble excess in sent out by urination so you can take daily.
What is the known role of vitamins within the cell?
Some vitamins work with enzymes to initiate chemical reactions within the cell.
Briefly explain the role of enzymes in digestion.
Specific enzymes are released to speed up the break down of specific nutrients. The enzymes in your saliva that help to begin the breakdown of carbohydrates do not affect proteins. Enzymes in the stomach that contribute to the breakdown of proteins cannot affect the breakdown of carbohydrates.
The body loses approximately 5-6 pints of water a day through sweat, urine, and exhalation. T or F
T
Water is the basis of good nutrition because it is essential to all forms of metabolism in the body. T or F
T
Explain why vitamins are essential to good health.
Without vitamins, the body cannot convert carbohydrates and fats into energy; it cannot repair and construct new cells; nor, can it carry out normal functions.
When a cell is damaged by infection or disease, ____________ are used like building materials to repair cell structures.
amino acids and fats
________________________________is/are used by the body to synthesize Vitamin D, maintain the proper functioning of nerve cells, keep skin soft and supple, and transport fat to cells.
cholesterol
Excess fat, whether saturated or unsaturated, is stored as__________
fat
Vitamins A, D, E, and K are dependent upon ____________ for their absorption by cells.
fat
__________________________is/are the most concentrated form of energy.
fats
_______________________________are organic acids that aid in the transportation and breakdown of cholesterol.
fatty acids
complete protein
food source that contains all the essential amino acids
incomplete proteins
food sources that do not contain all the essential amino acids
During digestion, carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars. The most important one is______________
glucose
Unused glucose that is converted to ______________ is stored in the liver.
glycogen
Macronutrients are needed by the body in ___________ amounts in order to maintain good health.
large
essential amino acids
proteins that cannot be manufactured by the body and must be derived from food sources
______________________fats are found in animal products and some vegetables.
saturated
____________________________carbohydrates do not take long to digest and cause blood sugar levels to rise quickly.
simple
Trace elements are needed by the body in___________amounts.
small
Carbohydrates are found in foods that contain_________________________
starches and sugar
protein
the nutrient that is essential to cellular construction, reproduction, and maintenance