Unit 2: quiz 1 health

There are __________ minerals used by the human body to maintain health.

13

A calorie is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of_____________________________________

1kg of water 1 degree celsius

What is the best way to get the right amount of vitamins needed for proper growth and development?

A variety of foods must be eaten.

Maintaining a healthy body depends on:

Both vitamins and minerals

What is the body's primary energy source?

Carbohydrates

__________________are the body's primary and immediate source of energy.

Carbohydrates

_____________________________carbohydrates require a prolonged process of digestion in order to be broken down into glucose and help maintain proper blood sugar levels.

Complex

The best source of water is soda with caffeine. T or F

F

The body can survive 8-10 days without water. T or F

F

The body is less than 20 percent water. T or F

F

According to the text, the scientific definition of nutrition is: "the proper supply of nutrients essential for: __________"

Growth Reproduction Repair Immunity Energy

What is the basic difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?

Since fat-soluble vitamins can be stored there is not need to take daily, but water-soluble excess in sent out by urination so you can take daily.

What is the known role of vitamins within the cell?

Some vitamins work with enzymes to initiate chemical reactions within the cell.

Briefly explain the role of enzymes in digestion.

Specific enzymes are released to speed up the break down of specific nutrients. The enzymes in your saliva that help to begin the breakdown of carbohydrates do not affect proteins. Enzymes in the stomach that contribute to the breakdown of proteins cannot affect the breakdown of carbohydrates.

The body loses approximately 5-6 pints of water a day through sweat, urine, and exhalation. T or F

T

Water is the basis of good nutrition because it is essential to all forms of metabolism in the body. T or F

T

Explain why vitamins are essential to good health.

Without vitamins, the body cannot convert carbohydrates and fats into energy; it cannot repair and construct new cells; nor, can it carry out normal functions.

When a cell is damaged by infection or disease, ____________ are used like building materials to repair cell structures.

amino acids and fats

________________________________is/are used by the body to synthesize Vitamin D, maintain the proper functioning of nerve cells, keep skin soft and supple, and transport fat to cells.

cholesterol

Excess fat, whether saturated or unsaturated, is stored as__________

fat

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are dependent upon ____________ for their absorption by cells.

fat

__________________________is/are the most concentrated form of energy.

fats

_______________________________are organic acids that aid in the transportation and breakdown of cholesterol.

fatty acids

complete protein

food source that contains all the essential amino acids

incomplete proteins

food sources that do not contain all the essential amino acids

During digestion, carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars. The most important one is______________

glucose

Unused glucose that is converted to ______________ is stored in the liver.

glycogen

Macronutrients are needed by the body in ___________ amounts in order to maintain good health.

large

essential amino acids

proteins that cannot be manufactured by the body and must be derived from food sources

______________________fats are found in animal products and some vegetables.

saturated

____________________________carbohydrates do not take long to digest and cause blood sugar levels to rise quickly.

simple

Trace elements are needed by the body in___________amounts.

small

Carbohydrates are found in foods that contain_________________________

starches and sugar

protein

the nutrient that is essential to cellular construction, reproduction, and maintenance