Pharm 2: EAQ Insulin/Antidiabetics
While the nurse is at the bedside of a client in acute renal failure, the client states, "My healthcare provider said that I will be getting some insulin. Do I also have diabetes?" What is the best nursing response?
"No, the insulin will help your body handle the increased potassium level." Insulin promotes the transfer of potassium into cells, which reduces the circulating blood level of potassium.
A nurse realizes that a client has been administered a double dose of insulin by mistake and informs the primary healthcare provider. Which element of the decision-making reflects in the nurse's action?
Accountability
diabetic ketoacidosis will show metabolic acidosis which is?
HCO3 low or acidotic pH will be low or acidotic
A client with diabetic ketoacidosis who is receiving intravenous fluids and insulin complains of tingling and numbness of the fingers and toes and shortness of breath. The cardiac monitor shows the appearance of a U wave. What complication does the nurse suspect?
Hypokalemia These are classic signs of hypokalemia that occur when potassium levels are reduced as potassium reenters cells with glucose
A nurse is planning an evening snack for a child receiving NPH insulin. What is the reason for this nursing action?
Nourishment helps counteract late insulin activity A bedtime snack is needed for the evening. NPH peaks 4 to 12 hours later and lasts for 18 to 24 hours. Protein and carbohydrate ingestion before sleep prevents hypoglycemia during the night when the NPH is still active.
An 8-year-old child is being given insulin glargine before breakfast. What is the most appropriate information for the nurse to give the parents concerning a bedtime snack?
Offer a snack to prevent hypoglycemia during the night.
The nurse is caring for a client who was just diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The client appears willing to learn how to manage the disease by stating, "I will take insulin (Humulin R) regularly to maintain my blood sugar levels." What should the nurse infer from this information?
The client is extrinsically motivated with self-determination.
A 13-year-old child with type 1 diabetes is receiving 15 units of regular insulin and 20 units of NPH insulin at 7:00 AM each day. At what time does the nurse anticipate a hypoglycemic reaction from the NPH insulin to occur?
in the afternoon NPH peaks approximately 6 to 8 hours after administration. .
Symptoms of hypercalcemia are
lethargy, nausea, vomiting, paresthesias, and personality changes
A client is diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which insulin should the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe?
regular insulin
A client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is receiving glyburide and asks the nurse how this drug works. What mechanism of action does the nurse provide?
stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin
Symptoms of hypernatremia are
thirst, orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth and mucous membranes, concentrated urine, tachycardia, irregular heartbeat, irritability, fatigue, lethargy, labored breathing, and muscle twitching or seizures
S/S of hypoglycemia
weak, nervous, tachycadria, diaphoresis, irritability, and pallor.