Pharm Ch. 1&2 Review questions

The drug administration route demonstrating the FASTEST onset of action is a. Inhalation b. Transdermal c. Intramuscular d. Sublingual e. Intravenous

E. Intravenous

12. Which term(s) could be associated with an agonist? a. Binding drugs b. Toxicology c. Blocking drugs d. Site of action

A - Binding drugs

25. Enterohepatic circulation of a drug involves the secretion of a metabolized drug into the intestine. If enterohepatic circulation is blocked, the level of the drug in the serum will fall. a. Both statements are TRUE b. Both statements are FALSE c. The first statement is TRUE, the second is FALSE d. The first statement is FALSE, the second is TRUE

A - Both statements are TRUE

6. Drug absorption is affected by which of the following? a. Drug ionization b. Blood flow c. Formulation d. Half-life

A - Drug ionization

23. The half-life of a drug is most related to its: a. Duration b. Potency c. Efficacy d. Onset e. Time of peak concentration

A - Duration

13. The time a drug continues to produce its effect a. Duration of action b. Maximal response c. Ceiling effect d. Onset of action

A - Duration of action

29. If a drug is a weak base that is excreted via the kidneys, then acidifying the urine will enhance its excretion. a. True b. False

A - True

30. A prodrug is an inactive drug compound that becomes transformed into an active drug compound. a. True b. False

A - True

31. The route of administration of a drug affects both the onset and duration of response. a. True b. False

A - True

33. Free drugs in the body exert the drugs pharmacological effects. a. True b. False

A - True

35. A lipophilic drug will cross cell membranes passively. a. True b. False

A - True

15. To aid in excretion of drugs, the drugs need to be metabolized into ______ aqueous solutions? a. More b. Less

A - more

22. The metabolite formed during biotransformation/metabolism is usually ____ polar. a. More b. Less

A. more

17. When a drug has an affinity for a receptor and produces no effect, it is called what? a. Agonist b. Competitive antagonist c. Competitive agonist d. Physiological agonist

B - Competitive antagonist

5. When a drug increases the rate of drug metabolism of other drugs, the process is termed a. First pass kinetic b. Enzyme induction c. Enzyme inhibition d. Enterohepatic cycling

B - Enzyme induction

28. Drugs, after undergoing Phase I drug metabolism, are more likely to be distributed to fat tissue. a. True b. False

B - False

34. Lipophilic drugs are more readily excreted than hydrophilic drugs. a. True b. False

B - False

36. When an acidic drug is placed in basic solution, the product will be mostly unionized. a. True b. False

B - False

37. Water soluble drug must pass through Phase I and Phase II biotransformation in order to be excreted from the body. a. True b. False

B - False

39. Although drug A and drug B have the same ED50, drug B has a wider therapeutic index, therefore drug A is considered safer. a. True b. False

B - False

40. The greater the therapeutic index is, the greater the toxicity will be. a. True b. False

B - False

14. Conjugation of drugs with glucuronic acid to aid in metabolism occurs during which phase? a. I b. II c. III

B - II

9. The time from drug administration to the first observable drug effect is known as the a. Duration of action b. Onset of action c. Ceiling effect d. Maximal response

B - Onset of action

21. Which discipline is concerned with the rates of the rise and fall of drug concentration in the body? a. Pharmacology b. Pharmacokinetics c. Pharmacognosy d. Drugology

B. Pharmacokinetics

The drug administration route demonstrating the SLOWEST onset of action is a. Inhalation b. Transdermal c. Intramuscular d. Sublingual e. Intravenous

B. Transdermal

16. In the mouth, tetracycline is most concentrated where? a. Saliva b. Mucous membranes c. Gingival crevicular fluid d. Periodontal pocket

C - Gingival crevicular fluid

24. What route is used to administer the tuberculosis skin test? a. IV b. IM c. Intradermal d. Subcutaneous

C - Intradermal

4. First pass kinetics refers to the metabolism of drugs in the a. Kidney b. Blood vessel c. Liver d. Heart

C - Liver

11. A medication that does not require a physician's service to obtain. a. Trade b. Nonproprietary c. Nonprescription d. Brand

C - Nonprescription

26. Which of the following processes in the kidney can result in retention of a drug in the body? a. Glomerular filtration b. Active tubular secretion c. Passive tubular diffusion d. All of the above

C - Passive tubular diffusion

27. If a drug displays zero-order elimination kinetics. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. Elimination increases as the dose of the drug is increased b. A constant amount is eliminated per unit of time c. The drug is not eliminated and is retained in the body d. The elimination of the drug cannot be predicted mathematically

C - The drug is not eliminated and is retained in the body D - The elimination of the drug cannot be predicted mathematically

32. Therapeutic index is a measure of a drug's safety. A narrow therapeutic index would indicate a drug is very safe and has great variability in its dosing which would help avoid toxicity. a. Both statements are TRUE b. Both statements are FALSE c. The first statement is TRUE, the second is FALSE d. The first statement is FALSE, the second is TRUE

C - The first statement is TRUE, the second is FALSE

8. The proprietary drug name supplied by a pharmaceutical company is also referred to as the a. Generic name b. OTC name c. Trade name d. Chemical name

C - Trade name

18. Advantages of oral administration of a drug include the following EXCEPT which one? a. Large surface area for drug absorption b. Many different dosage forms may be administered orally c. More predictable response than IV d. The simplest way to introduce a drug into the body

C - more predictable response than than IV

20. When the acidity of the tissue increases, as in instances of infection, the effect of a local anesthetic decreases. Therefore, the local anesthetic is a weak acid. a. Both statements are TRUE b. Both statements are FALSE c. The first statement is TRUE, the second is FALSE d. The first statement is FALSE, the second is TRUE

C - the 1st statement is TRUE & the 2nd is FALSE

7. The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion is known as a. Pharmacotherapeutics b. Pharmacodynamics c. Pharmacokinetics d. Pharmacy

C- Pharmacokinetics

38. In an assessment of drug action for a certain therapeutic agent, results indicate that the ED50 is 3 mg/kg, and the LD50 is 300 mg/kg. What is the therapeutic index for this agent? a. 3 b. 300 c. 0.01 d. 100

D - 100

19. Increasing the pH of a solution will cause? a. A greater percentage of a weak base in the solution to be in the ionized form b. A greater percentage of a weak acid in the solution to be in the un-ionized form c. The hydrogen ion concentration to increase d. A greater percentage of a weak base in the solution to be in the un-ionized form e. No change in the relative ionization of weak acids or weak bases

D - A greater percentage of a weak base in the solution to be in the un-ionized form

10. A drug that has the potential for abuse and is regulated by the Drug and Enforcement Agency is classified as a a. Poison b. OTC drug c. Prescription drug d. Controlled substance

D - Controlled substance

3. In order for drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier, they must be a. Ionized b. Positively charged c. Water soluble d. Lipid soluble

D - Lipid soluble