Pharm ch. 3

The nurse is assessing a community-dwelling client with a history of rheumatoid arthritis. During the interview, the client states, "The last few months, I have this ringing in my ears that I just cannot seem to get away from." What assessment question should the nurse ask?

"Have you been taking aspirin on a regular basis?"

A client with diabetes is also taking ephedrine to treat asthma. On occasion, the client notes that the drug causes an increase in blood glucose. What should the nurse teach the client about this phenomenon?

"Stored glycogen is broken down by ephedrine, causing hyperglycemia."

The nurse provides health education for a diverse group of clients. For which client should the nurse emphasize the risk of teratogenic drug effects?

20-year-old female client who has been diagnosed with a chlamydial infection

Some clients are excessively responsive to either the primary or secondary effects of a drug. This is known as hypersensitivity, and it may result from a pathological or underlying condition. Which are examples of hypersensitivity? Select all that apply.

A client who has chronic renal failure and is taking diphenhydramine A client on postoperative day 2 from a prostatectomy who takes ipratropium

An instructor is preparing a class that describes the toxic effects of drugs. Which effect would the instructor expect to include?

Drugs cause unexpected or unacceptable reactions despite screening and testing.

A client comes to the clinic reporting tinnitus and difficulty hearing. What medication in the client's current regimen should the nurse suspect as causing the symptoms?

Erythromycin

A client is being discharged from the emergency department (ED) after being treated for an anaphylactic reaction to shrimp the client ate for dinner. The client asks the nurse to explain food reactions. Which would be correct responses? Select all that apply.

Histamines produce immediate reactions. Anaphylactic reactions involve an antibody that causes the release of histamine. Anaphylactic reactions can lead to respiratory distress and even respiratory arrest.

The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted after an acetaminophen overdosage. Which of the nurse's assessment findings suggest liver damage?

The client's skin and eyes are visibly jaundiced. The client's AST and ALT levels are elevated. The client's temperature is 102.5° F (39.2° C).

A client with cancer is taking the prescribed dose of morphine sulfate and a family member informs the nurse that the client is extremely sedated. What finding by the nurse would indicate the causative factor of the increased sedation experienced by the client?

There is a bottle of St. John's wort the client is taking for depression.

The nurse should have basic knowledge of drug classifications in order to administer medications safely to clients. What drug information is instrumental in determining nursing actions following drug administration?

adverse effects

Preoperative atropine belongs to what classification of drugs?

anticholinergic

The nurse's assessment of a client reveals that the client has been greatly exceeding recommended safe doses of acetaminophen for the past week. When reviewing the client's laboratory results for indications of toxicity, what finding should the nurse prioritize?

aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels

A client with a recent history of peripheral edema has been taking hydrochlorothiazide 75 mg PO daily. The client reports increased appetite and restlessness to the nurse and inspection reveals warm, flushed skin. What is the nurse's best action?

assess glucose level

The nurse is caring for a client receiving an antineoplastic medication who reports fever, chills, sore throat, weakness, and back pain. The nurse should recognize the possibility of what adverse effect?

blood dyscrasia

A client with a serious Escherichia coli infection is being treated with gentamicin. When monitoring for potential adverse effects, the nurse should prioritize:

blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels.

What information from the Kardex is likely to have the greatest implication in educating the client about antihistamine administration?

clients profession

What would the nurse expect to assess in a client experiencing an anaphylactic reaction?

dilated pupils feeling of panic difficulty breathing

When assessing a client who has developed a serum sickness reaction, which would the nurse expect to find?

facial edema

The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension who was prescribed a loop diuretic one week ago. The client reports malaise and weakness and the nurse's assessment reveals an irregular heart rate. The nurse should prioritize assessment of the client's:

potassium

A client receiving drug therapy develops numbness and tingling in the extremities and muscle cramps. What assessment should the nurse perform?

review potassium levels

When instructing a client who is taking an antibiotic about the possibility of nausea and diarrhea, the nurse understands that these effects are examples of:

secondary actions

One of the most common occurrences in drug therapy is the development of adverse effects from simple overdose. In such cases, the client suffers from effects that are merely an extension of the desired effect. Which are examples of this primary action? (Select all that apply.)

spontaneous bleeding after taking an anticoagulant dizziness after starting an antihypertensive

All drugs have adverse reactions when taken. Organ and tissue damage is one such adverse reaction. Which is an example of organ and tissue damage caused by a drug?

steven johnson syndrome

The nurse administers an anticholinergic medication to the client. When assessing this client, what finding should the nurse interpret as a secondary effect of the drug?

urine hesitancy