Pharm questions for more study

Which would be used to diagnose adrenal function?

Corticotropin Explanation: Cosyntropin, a synthetic form of corticotropin, is used to diagnose adrenal function.

When administering mafenide (Sulfamylon) to the skin of a client with a burn, the nurse expects to apply it how many times each day?

Every 12 hours

Symptoms of Addison disease your adrenal glands produce too little cortisol and often insufficient levels of aldosterone as well.

Extreme fatigue Weight loss and decreased appetite Darkening of your skin (hyperpigmentation) Low blood pressure, even fainting Salt craving Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) Nausea, diarrhea or vomiting Abdominal pain Muscle or joint pains Irritability Depression Body hair loss or sexual dysfunction in women

The patient is receiving keflex 1000 mg/day. The nurse properly identifies this drug as which of the following?

First-generation cephalosporin

After teaching a group of students about mineralocorticoids, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when they state which agent as an example?

Fludrocortisone Explanation: Fludrocortisone is a mineralocorticoid. Beclomethasone is a glucocorticoid. Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid. Flunisolide is a glucocorticoid.

A patient is administered a third-generation cephalosporin. Which of the following organisms are cephalosporins most effective in treating?

Gram-negative Explanation: Cephalosporins are broad-spectrum agents with activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Compared with penicillins, they are, in general, less active against gram-positive organisms but more active against gram-negative ones. Cephalosporins are not effective against fungi or viruses.

A 55-year-old female patient has just been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. The patient is admitted to the hospital with an acute exacerbation of the disease. What treatment would the nurse expect to see ordered for this patient?

IV steroids

Which of the following is not a pharmacologic effect of corticosteroid drugs?

Immunosupportive Explanation: The most frequently desired pharmacologic effects are anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, antiallergic, and antistress.

A client is on daily doses of prednisone. To minimize adrenal suppression, the nurse's instructions for administration should include to take the medication:

In the morning

The nursing instructor is teaching the nursing students about serious hematologic adverse reactions that can occur with prolonged sulfonamide therapy. Which of the following should be included? (Select all that apply.)

Leukopenia Thrombocytopenia Aplastic anemia

A client has been admitted for treatment of a burn on the left arm. Which sulfonamides are most likely to be prescribed to treat the damaged skin? Select all that apply.

Mafenide (Sulfamylon) Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

Unasyn is administered to a patient with Staphylococcus aureus. What type of antiinfective is Unasyn?

Penicillin-beta-lactamase inhibitor combination

Ch 7 Clients with which of the following conditions should not be administered cefprozil (Cefzil) oral suspension because if contains phenylalanine? (Choose one)

Phenylketonuria Clients with phenylketonuria (PKU) should not be administered cefprozil (Cefzil) oral suspension because if contains phenylalanine, a substance that people with PKU cannot process.

A nurse is writing a plan of care for a patient who is receiving a glucocorticoid. What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient?

Risk for infection related to immunosuppression

A patient who has been taking long-term therapy with geocillin for repeated urinary tract infections (UTIs) reports severe abdominal cramping. This patient add that he has been having bloody diarrhea and rectal bleeding. What should the nurse suspect?

Superinfection- is the process by which a cell that has previously been infected by one virus gets co-infected with a different strain of the virus, or another virus, at a later point in time.

What medication is used to treat diabetes insipidus caused by hypofunction of the posterior pituitary gland?

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Ch 43 A female patient has been taking prednisone for her asthma for 1 month. The nurse will teach her to gradually decrease her dose of prednisone to avoid:

adrenal insufficiency. Explanation: The patient may develop adrenal insufficiency (addisonian crisis), which is characterized by glucocorticoid insufficiency without mineralocorticoid insufficiency. Hypokalemia occurs as a result of hyperaldosteronism. Gastrointestinal distress and menstrual irregularities are common adverse effects of the drug, but these effects are not as serious as preventing adrenal insufficiency.

The nursing instructor is teaching about the many adverse reactions to penicillin, including some of the hematopoietic changes that can occur. Which of the following should the instructor include when reviewing blood cell changes? (Select all that apply.)

anemia thrombocytopenia leukopenia bone marrow depression

What are sulfonamides classified as

antibacterial

A patient with severe arthritis is taking high dose corticosteroids. The patient approaches the clinic nurse and requests a pneumonia vaccine. What would be the nurse's best response?

"Vaccines cannot be given to people who are significantly immune suppressed."

The nurse is giving instructions to a patient who is being discharged home with a prescription for augmentin. The nurse informs the patient that the best time to take this medication is which of the following?

1 hour before meals and 2 hours after a meal

Due to the close relationship cephalosporins have with penicillins, what percentage of clients who are allergic to penicillins are also allergic to cephalosporins? (Choose one)

10%

The nurse would question the use of sulfonamide therapy in which client? (Select all that apply.)

18-month-old female client breastfeeding client 32 years of age Sulfonamides are contraindicated in clients who are younger than 2 years of age and women who are lactating

Ch 6 The nurse is caring for a client who has been on sulfonamide therapy for six months. What sign/symptom would the nurse report to the health care provider immediately?

Bruises Long-term sulfonamide therapy can lead to leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and aplastic anemia, so if the client exhibited bruises it may be a sign of thrombocytopenia

The nurse is applying mafenide (Sulfamylon) to a client's burned skin and knows that which adverse reactions may occur with this medication? Select all that apply.

Burning sensation Itching Rash

A patient has a history of a life-threatening anaphylactic reaction to penicillin G. Which of the following medications should not be administered to this patient?

Cefadroxil (Duricef) Explanation: Cefadroxil (Duricef) is a first-generation cephalosporin. Administration of cephalosporins or carbapenems should be avoided in individuals with life-threatening allergic reactions to penicillin.