Pharma Chapter 18

Which statement indicates that the parent of a child understands the procedure for administering otic drops to their child with otitis externa?

"I will warm the drops to room temperature before instilling them."

A 13-year-old is diagnosed with otitis externa. The patient is on the swim team. Which information is important to tell the patient and family?

Administer a drying agent in the ear canal after swimming.

For what conditions are anti-inflammatory ophthalmic agents prescribed?

Allergic reactions, burns, postoperative use, or irritation from foreign substances

Which of the following is included in the treatment for an ear infection?

Antibiotics and anti-inflammatories

A patient is started on dorzolamide (Trusopt). What side effect can the health care provider inform the patient about?

Bitter taste

Which of the following is a topical preparation for ear infections?

Cortisporin

A patient has been prescribed a corticosteroid eye drop and is fearful of taking any medications that will be absorbed into their body. How does the health care provider respond?

When administering eye drops, gently apply pressure to the inner canthus.

A patient calls the health clinic to ask why they have not had any improvement in eye drainage, discomfort, and itching since they started taking eye drops three days ago. How does the health care provider respond?

You need to take the drug longer to have an effect.

The health care provider is demonstrating to the patient how to instill ophthalmic drops. They review proper handwashing and handling of the medication. What other instructions do the health care provider need to explain regarding the procedure?

Instill the drops into the lower conjunctival sac.

A patient with glaucoma is placed on a miotic drug and asks the health care provider how their medication will work. How does the health care provider respond?

It acts by increasing aqueous humor outflow.

A patient is evaluated in the emergency department with a chemical splash to the face and eyes. Following eye irritation and evaluation of visual acuity, the patient is started on an anti-inflammatory agent. How does the health care provider explain the mode of action to the patient?

It is used to relieve irritation of the conjunctiva.

A patient takes a prescribed ophthalmic antibiotic for a superficial eye infection for 3 days without improvement. What factors may account for the lack of response to the treatment?

Microbial resistance, inaccurate diagnosis, or inappropriate choice of drug

A pediatric patient is being evaluated for an eye exam. The health care provider is administering cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl) prior to the exam. What information can the health care provider explain to the parent of the patient?

This medication is used to dilate the pupil.

Patients who use timolol (Timoptic) should be given what instruction concerning its use?

Timoptic must be used continuously and not discontinued abruptly.

Which patient would benefit from Debrox, an over-the-counter cerumenolytic?

The patient with impacted earwax.

A patient is being started on dipivefrin for elevated intraocular pressure. What pertinent history does the health care provider need to know prior to administration?

History of hypertension or cardiovascular disease

The patient is being admitted to the ambulatory surgery unit for cataract surgery. Prior to surgery, a pilocarpine eye solution is ordered. What contraindication does the health care provider know would prevent this patient from receiving this medication?

History of retinal detachment

A 76-year-old male patient with atrial fibrillation is on metoprolol, 50 mg PO three times a day. He is being treated for glaucoma and is started on timolol maleate eye drops. What should the health care provider be concerned about when administering this medication?

Hypotension

The health care provider is educating a patient in the use of ophthalmic eye drops. What important information does the health care provider need to share with the patient?

In general, the use of topical drugs should not exceed 10 days.

A pediatric patient is being treated for bacterial conjunctivitis. Bacitracin, an anti-infective ophthalmic antibiotic, is prescribed. The health care provider knows that the preferred form of this treatment for a pediatric patient is which of the following?

Ointment

Symptoms of an ear infection include which of the following?

Pain, tenderness, difficulty hearing, and fever

An older adult patient is being evaluated for glaucoma and asks about the different types of glaucoma. How can the health care provider describe the symptoms of chronic (open-angle) glaucoma?

Progressive blurring and loss of peripheral vision, typically bilaterally

The health care provider is counseling a patient on ophthalmic corticosteroid use. What is a potential side effect associated with this category of drug?

Reduced resistance to bacteria, virus, or fungi

A patient has been on prolonged corticosteroid therapy for COPD and is now taking an anti-infective ophthalmic agent. The health care provider knows the patient is at risk for which of the following?

Secondary ocular infections

A patient is to be started on Diamox, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Which condition does the health care provider know would prevent the patient from using this medication?

Sulfa allergy