Pharmacology Chapter 33

Gastric juices mainly consist of _____. A. HCl and gastrin B. HCl and pepsin C. sodium bicarbonate and gastrin D. sodium bicarbonate and pepsin

B

One way to treat a patient with severe GERD is to _____. A. use tissue grafting to replace eroded tissue B. remove damaged tissue through surgery C. administer triple therapy in conjunction with NSAIDs D. administer triple therapy in conjunction with NSAIDs

B

Which of the following medications can promote the formation of ulcers by interfering with mucus production or secretion? A. Diuretics B. NSAIDs C. Antacids D. Antibiotics

B

Why should cimetidine never be mixed with a barbiturate when compounding an IV admixture? A. The drugs will exhibit pharmacological antagonism to each other. B. Cimetidine will precipitate out of solution. C. The drugs will exhibit pharmacological synergism with each other. D. The barbiturate will precipitate out of solution.

B

Acid secretion and gastrin-induced secretion is inhibited by blocking _____. A. cholinergic and H1-receptors B. adrenergic and H1-receptors C. cholinergic and H2-receptors D. adrenergic and H2-receptors

C

Omeprazole works by _____. A. inhibiting a hydrogen potassium pump in mucosal cells B. inhibiting a sodium potassium pump in mucosal cells C. inhibiting a hydrogen potassium pump in parietal cells D. inhibiting a sodium potassium pump in parietal cells

C

One way to directly block the secretion of acid and pepsin in the stomach is to _____. A. administer an H1-blocker B. administer a proton pump inhibitor C. administer an H2-blocker D. administer an anticholinergic

C

Oral H2-receptor antagonists _____. A. must be taken on an empty stomach B. interact with citrus juices C. can be taken with food D. do not interact with other medications

C

Stopping the acid secretion completely between meals would put a person at an increased risk of _____. A. metabolic acidosis B. metabolic alkalosis C. GI infections D. constipation

C

_____ receptors are found on parietal cells and increase secretion of HCl when activated. A. Cholinergic B. Prostaglandin C. Histamine D. Adrenergic

C

A patient with peptic ulcer complains of severe duodenal pain. Which of the following treatment options is most likely to relieve this pain? A. Administration of food B. Administration of histamine H1-receptor antagonists C. Administration of calcium channel blockers D. Administration of cholinergic drugs

A

Antibiotic treatment for peptic ulcers caused by H. pylori requires the use of _____. A. two antibiotics B. one antibiotic and one antifungal C. three antibiotics D. one antibiotic and one antiprotozoal

A

Famotidine is available as over-the-counter 10-mg tablets. If Kayla takes one tablet every 12 hours over a period of four days. What is the total dosage of famotidine administered to Kayla? A. 80 mg B. 40 mg C. 120 mg D. 48 mg

A

Identify the mechanism of action by which NSAIDs cause peptic ulcers. A. Blockade of prostaglandins that inhibit gastric secretions B. Blockade of receptors that promote the fight-or-flight response C. Stimulation of histamine receptors on parietal cells D. Stimulation of H1-receptors on smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract

A

Identify the mechanism of action of antacids. A. Neutralizing gastric acid B. Reducing the volume of gastric acid C. Reducing the concentration of gastric acid D. Stimulating the production of gastric acid

A

In the context of the digestion process, which of the following is true of histamine? A. Histamine is released from enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells that are stimulated by gastrin. B. Histamine binds to receptors on enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells to release gastric juices. C. Drugs that block histamine release decrease the pH in the stomach. D. Histamine inhibits the action of digestive enzymes such as pepsin.

A

In the context of the treatment of peptic ulcer caused by H. pylori, triple therapy refers to using _____. A. two antibiotics and a bismuth compound B. two antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor C. an antibiotic, a bismuth compound, and a proton pump inhibitor D. an antibiotic, an antifungal, and a bismuth compound

A

Julian is diagnosed with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and presents with symptoms such as gastric acid hypersecretion. Which of the following drugs should be used to treat Julian? A. Cimetidine B. Omeprazole C. Metoclopramide D. Antacids

A

Krista is suffering from GERD. After various medications fail to improve her condition, Krista is prescribed metoclopramide as a short-term treatment option. However, the success of the treatment prompts Krista to continue using the medication for over three times the prescribed duration. Krista is at a risk for _____. A. tardive dyskinesia B. bulimia C. sinus tachycardia D. diabetic gastroparesis

A

Ray is prescribed Carafate for the treatment of peptic ulcers. Which of the following side effects can Ray expect from this medication? A. Constipation B. Nausea C. Vomiting D. Headache

A

Raymond, a patient with Zollinger-Ellison (ZE) syndrome, is administered a dose of 6 mg of cimetidine. How long will it take for peak absorption to occur? A. Within 90 minutes B. 10 minutes C. 2 to 3 hours D. 6 hours

A

Symptoms of chronic erosion of mucosal lining and perforation include _____. A. hyperglycemia B. high levels of IgE antibodies C. hypertension D. presence of blood in stool or vomit

A

The suppression of acid secretion is greater with a proton pump inhibitor than with an H2-receptor antagonist because: A. unlike an H2-receptor antagonist, a proton pump inhibitor blocks the secretion of HCl. B. unlike an H2-receptor antagonist, a proton pump inhibitor blocks the release of histamine from parietal cells. C. unlike an H2-receptor antagonist, a proton pump inhibitor increases the volume and strength of acid secretion. D. unlike an H2-receptor antagonist, a proton pump inhibitor stimulates H1-receptors.

A

What are the two types of receptor antagonists that are used as antiemetics? A. Serotonin 5-HT3 and NK1 B. Serotonin 5-HT2 and H1 C. D2 and M1 D. H1 and M

A

What is the therapeutic role of bismuth in triple therapy that is used to treat peptic ulcers? A. Bismuth inhibits the adhesion of bacteria to the gastric mucosa. B. Bismuth permeates the bacterial cell wall and weakens it. C. Bismuth eradicates the bacterial infection by selectively killing H. pylori. D. Bismuth neutralizes the acid present in the stomach.

A

Which H2-receptor antagonist should not be prescribed for a patient already taking calcium channel blockers, metoprolol, and phenytoin? A. Cimetidine B. Famotidine C. Nizatidine D. Ranitidine

A

Which of the following is not a common cause of peptic ulcers? A. Overproduction of inhibitory enzyme to stop acid secretion B. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) C. Excess gastric acid secretion D. Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

A

_____ are considered the first-line therapy in treating GERD. A. Proton pump inhibitors B. Antacids C. Histamine H2-receptor antagonists D. Prostaglandins

A

_____ are considered to be ulcerogenic because�they inhibit the secretion of protective mucus and interfere with the normal production of the mucosal lining. A. Steroids B. Antacids C. Adrenergic drugs D. Antihistamines

A

_____ is a disease characterized by the presence of gastrin-containing tumors (gastrinomas) and ulceration of the GI tract. A. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome B. Reye's syndrome C. Adams-Stokes syndrome d. Behcet's Syndrome

A

_____ results when antacids increase the pH of the stomach and the secretory cells respond by increasing the secretion of gastric acid. A. Acid rebound B. Acid reflux C. Hypophosphatemia D. Hypercalcemia

A

Gastric juices are released during the gastric phase when the _____. A. chyme or partially digested foods enter the intestine. B. adrenergic receptors on parietal cells are stimulated. C. brain receives sensory input. D. stomach distends.

D

One common problem with long-term use of antacids is _____. A. metabolic alkalosis B. high magnesium content C. high aluminum content D. high sodium content

D

The mechanism of action of sucralfate has it classified as _____. A. an antacid B. a prostaglandin C. an anticholinergic D. none of the above

D

Which of the following H2-receptor antagonist medications should a patient with liver problems avoid? A. Famotidine and ibuprofen OTC B. Lansoprazole and esomeprazole C. Omeprazole and dexlansoprazole D. Nizatidine and ranitidine

D