Pharmacology (collective set)
Neomycin combined with polymyxin and bacitracin is marketed as which one of the following? a. Neosporin b. A-K Tracin c. Ilotycin d. Garamycin
Neosporin
Bone wax is used primarily in which one of the following surgical specialties? a. General surgery b. Gynecology c. Neurosurgery d. Otorhinolaryngology
Neurosurgery
The intravenous (IV) solution used during blood transfusion is: a. Water b. Lactated ringer solution c. Normal saline d. PlasmaLyte
Normal saline
A federal agency that contributed and monitors policies concerning health care workers' safety is ______.
OSHA
Ophthalmic dyes are used to accomplish each of the following except: a. Diagnose corneal and conjunctival epithelium abnormalities b. Locate a foreign body c. Observe flow of vitreous humor d. Verify lacrimal system blockage
Observe flow of vitreous humor
The trade, or brand name, for Mannitol is: a. Osmitrol b. Diamox c. Lasix d. Diuril
Osmitrol
Which one of the following, if administered preoperatively, will necessitate the placement of an indwelling urinary catheter? a. Timoptic b. Betagan c. Occupress d. Osmitrol
Osmitrol
The diuretic medication that draws fluid out of tissues and into the circulatory system is called: a. Osmotic b. High-ceiling c. Loop d. Thiazide
Osmotic
Long-term treatment of glaucoma may include any one of the following groups of drugs except: a. Miotic agents b. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors c. Osmotic diuretic medications d. Beta-adrenergic blockers
Osmotic diuretic medications
A condition in which the skeletal system loses mineralized bone volume is: a. Osteromalacia b. Osteoporosis c. Addison disease d. Grade disease
Osteoporosis
Which dye is primarily used for diagnosis of "dry eye syndrome"? a. Methylene blue b. Flu-Glo c. Fluorescein sodium d. Rose bengal 1%
Rose bengal 1%
Abbreviation for: take
Rx
The irrigation solution that is conductive and is used with caution in the presence of the ESU is which one of the following? a. Sterile water b. Physiosol c. Sorbital d. Saline
Saline
Nancy Cho is scheduled for a cholecystectomy and a common bile duct exploration. Her diagnosis is cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. You have Hypaque 50% and saline 50cc on the back table. Which solution would be injected first and why?
Saline is injected first to verify the correct placement into the common bile duct
Which statement does not apply to the required steps for proper medication identification? a. Read the label on the container. b. Check the integrity of the container. c. Check the expiration date. d. Show the label to the surgeon.
Show the label to the surgeon
Which one of the following agents is a chemical hemostatic? a. Bone wax b. Silver nitrate c. Heparin d. Vitamin K
Silver nitrate
Which one of the following causes a chemical burn to stop capillary bleeding? a. Silver nitrate b. Konakion c. Helistat d. Heparin
Silver nitrate
The electrolyte that controls the distribution of water in the body and maintains fluid and electrolyte balance is: a. Sodium b. Potassium c. Magnesium d. Calcium
Sodium
Hormones produced by the cortex of adrenal glands are collectively called: a. Steroids b. Nonsteroids c. Catecholamines d. Vasoconstrictors
Steroids
Steroid anti-inflammatory drugs are used in ophthalmology to: a. Prevent the rejection of a corneal transplant b. Suppress inflammatory response to trauma c. Inhibit intraoperative miosis d. Diagnose corneal abrasions
Suppress inflammatory response to trauma
Which one of the following is used to correct deficiencies in the natural clotting mechanism and may be administered preoperatively or intraoperatively? a. Systemic coagulants b. Chemical hemostatics c. Thrombin d. Collagen hemostatics
Systemic coagulants
What would the patient effects be if epinephrine 1:1000 was injected? a. Bradycardia and hypotension b. Bradycardia and hypertension c. Tachycardia and hypertension d. Tachycardia and hypotension
Tachycardia and hypertension
The organization that evaluated and accredits health care institutions is ______.
The Joint Commission
During the second stage of blood clot formation, ______________ is formed. a.Thromboplastin b.Prothrombin c.Thrombin d.Fibrinogen
Thrombin
Which of the following is not a form of absorbable gelatin? a. Gelfilm b. Gelfoam powder c. Gelfoam sponge d. Thrombogen
Thrombogen
Agents that dissolve already formed clots are called: a. Coagulants b. Anticoagulants c. Hemostatics d. Thrombolytics
Thrombolytics
Which group of drugs is given intravenously to dissolve existing blood clots? a. Parenteral anticoagulants b. Oral anticoagulants c. Thrombolytics d. Factor XIII inhibitors
Thrombolytics
During the first stage of blood clot formation, _______________ is formed. a. Thromboplastin b. Prothrombin c. Thrombin d. Fibrin
Thromboplastin
The formation or presence of a blood clot within the vasucular system is termed: a. Hemostasis b. Thrombosis c. Coagulation d. Aggregation
Thrombosis
Which one of the following hemostatic agents should be used immediately after it is reconstituted? a. Avitene b. Instat MCH c. Thrombostat d. Helistat
Thrombostat
Which one of the following is not a thyroid hormone? a. Thyroxine (T4) b. Triiodothyronine (T3) c. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) d. Calcitonin
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Which one of the following antiglaucoma agents is only administered topically? a. Acetazolamide b. Mannitol c. Timolol d. Glycerine
Timolol
Anticoagulants are used for any of the following reasons except: a. To prevent pulmonary embolism b. To prevent venous thrombosis c. To dissolve blood clots causing a myocardial infarction d. Postoperative prophylactic therapy for patients with a history of arterial stasis
To dissolve blood clots causing a myocardial infarction
What types of hemostatics are used on areas of capillary bleeding? a. Subcutaneous b. Intravenous c. Intramuscular d. Topical
Topical
The body's failure to respond to the action of insulin on target cells results in which one of the following conditions? a. Hyperglycemia b. Hypoglycemia c. Type I diabetes d. Type II diabetes
Type II diabetes
Heparin is measured in: a. Milliliters b. Milligrams c. Units d. Drams
Units
The exact cause of cancer is which one of the following? a. Genetic b. Environmental c. Medical d. Unknown
Unknown
Thick, gelatinous substances that are injected into the eye to keep the chamber expanded or to replace vitreous humor are: a. Viscoelastic agents b. Enzymes c. Cycloplegics d. Mydriatics
Viscoelastic agents
Intravenous adminstration of _______________ is associated with anaphylactic reactions and should not be attempted unless no other venue is available. a. Calcium salts b. Vitamin K c. Anti-hemophilic factor (AHF) d. Factor IX
Vitamin K
Which one of the following is mixed with injectable local anesthetic agents to increase its rate of diffusion through tissues? a. Vitrase b. Pilocarpine c. Healon d. BSS
Vitrase
Dextran is an example of a: a. Blood substitute b. Volume expander c. Cryoprecipitate d. Plasma protein
Volume expander
Most transfusions involve packed red blood cells (RBCs) given with a. Volume expander b. Dextrose solution c. Plasma d. Normal saline
Volume expander
International regulation of medications is under the authority of the following ______.
WHO
Abbreviation for: of each
aa
Abbreviation for: to, up to
ad
Abbreviation for: as desired
ad lib
A drug that binds to a receptor and stimulated its function is said to be a(n) ______ drug.
agonist
Which one of the following is a steroidal hormone. a. Amine b. Peptide c. Protein d. Aldosterone
aldosterone
Who discovered Penicillin?
alexander fleming
Which one of the following is considered the simplest form of hormone? a. Steroids b. Nonsteroids c. Antidiuretics d. Amines
amines
Nonsteroidal hormones are synthesized from ____? a. Cholesterol b. Amino acids c. Aldosterone d. Glucose
amino acids
Which category of antibiotics is known to be ototoxic and nephrotixic? a. Cephalosporins b. Macrolides c. Aminoglycosides d. Penicillins
aminoglycosides
Abbreviation for: amount
amt
Which of the following steps does not apply once a medication error has occurred? a. malpractice b. tort c. materia madica d. negligence
an incident report is not required
Steroidal hormones that promote male characteristics are ____? a. Hypogonadists b. Recombinants c. Catecholamines d. Androgens
androgens
Which group of drugs is known as receptor blockers?
antagonists
The antibiotics that are commonly used are ____? a. antibacterial b. antiviral c. antifungal d. antiparasitic
antibacterial
When a microoganism's DNA sequence is altered to prevent destruction by an agent, the microorganism is said to have developoed a/an ______? a. Antibiotic resistance b. Broad-spectrum coverage c. Plasma membrane d. Bacteriostatic effect
antibiotic resistance
The process of collecting, processing, and reinfusing the patient's own blood is called _____?
autotransfusion
What cardiac condition requires treatment with diuretics? a. Congestive heart failure b. Bradycardia c. Tachycardia d. Cardiac arrhythmia
congestive heart failure
Bacteria can obtain antibiotic resistance through _____? a. Elimination b. Conjugation c. Synthesis d. Leakage
conjugation
Pharmacologic agents used in diagnostic radiographic testing are considered which of the following? a. dyes b. steroids c. contrast media d. staining agents
contract media
Medication labels must contain all of the following information except _____? a. Generic and trade names b. Contraindications c. Strength of medications d. Amount of medication
contraindications
Medication labels must contain all of the following information except ____. a. Generic and trade names b. Contraindications c. Strength of medication d. Expiration date
contrindications
Medications determined to have an abuse potential are called
controlled substances
Which one of the following combination agents contains an antibiotic, an anti-inflammatory and must be shaken before using? a. Coly-mycin S Otic b. Neosporin GU Irrigant c. Cortisporin Suspension Otic d. Bacitracin with Polymixin B
cortisporin suspension otic
A series of tests used to identify disease-causing microorganisms and to determine their susceptibility to various antibiotics is called ____? a. Hemoglobin and hematocrit (H&H) b. Culture and sensitivity (C&S) c. Antibiotic resistance d. Gram stain
culture and sensitivity (c&s)
During an operative cholangiogram, saline is injected to ____? a. Dilute the contrast media b. Verify catheter placement c. Enhance the structures on x-ray film d. Remove the contrast media after the x-ray study is complete
dilute the contrast media
When changing shifts, the incoming surgical technologist notices one of the medications on the sterile field is not accurately labeled. What should she or he do? a. Discard the medication and ask the circulator for a new dose. b. Ask the scrub person to label the medication before leaving. c. Ask the circulator to show him or her the empty vial and then label it properly. d. Ask the surgeon what to do.
discard the medication and ask the circulator for a new dose
What is the first action that should be taken by the scrubbed surgical technologist when withdrawing medication from an inverted vial held by the circulator? a. Puncture the rubber stopper b. Remove the rubber stopper c. Remove the syringe plunger d. Draw air into the syringe
draw air into the syringe
Potassium-sparing diuretics are commonly used to treat which one of the following conditions? a. Edema b. Congestive heart failure c. Intracranial pressure d. Intraocular pressure
edema
A type of liquid medication contained in a mixture of water and oil bound together is a/an ______.
emulsion
Which one of the following is not a steroidal hormone? a. Cortisol b. Estrogen c. Testosterone d. Epinephrine
epinephrine
Macrolide antibiotics include ____? a. Cephalothin b. Erythromycin c. Minocycline d. Oxacillin
erythromycin
A 30-gauge hypodermic needle is larger in diameter than an 18-gauge needle. a.True b.False
false
Hemostatic agents are effective against major arterial or venous bleeding. a. true b. false
false
Antibiotics are natural chemicals called metabolites, which are produced by _____? a. Fungi and bacteria b. Viruses and parasites c. Human cells d. Sulfa drugs
fungi and bacteria
Abbreviation for: gram
g
Which form of a drug tends to act more quickly? a. Solid b. Semisolid c. Liquid d. Gas
gas
A group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure is known as which of the following? a. Glaucoma b. Creatinine c. Macular degeneration d. Hyperkalemia
glacoma
Define carpule
glass tube containing medication
Which procedure gives the physician an immediate response to initiate a course of antibiotics? a. C&S b. Gram stain c. Aerobic test d. Anaerobic culture
gram stain
Abbreviation for: drop
gtt
Which one of the following is the abbreviation for drops form of a given drug? a. gtts b. ung c. susp d. soln
gtts
What medication category is Oxidized regerated cellulose (Surgicel) in?
hemostatic
An example of a C-I scheduled drug is _____. a. Codeine b. Steroids c. Opium d. Heroin
heroin
All of the following are basic parts of a syringe, except _____? a. Hub b. Barrel c. Plunger d. Tip
hub
Which is the current treatment to reduce nephrotoxicity after the administration of contrast media? a. Antibiotic therapy b. Administration of a vasodilator c. Hydration d. Dehydration
hydration
Which term indicates an abnormally high concentration of potassium in the blood? a. Hypernatremia b. Creatinine c. Homeostasis d. Hyperkalemia
hyperkalemia
Which one of the following endocrine disorders may be treated surgically? a.Hyposecretion b. Hypersecretion
hypersecretion
A/an __________ effect is an undesired result from previous exposure to the drug or similar drug.
hypersensitivity
When too much potassium is excreted, the resulting condition is called _____? a. Hypocalcemia b. Hypokalemia c. Hypernatremia d. Hyperemia
hypokalemia
An adult patient who complains of being sleepy, less alert and having slow heart rate with reduced endurance may be suffering from which one of the following conditions? a. Hyperthyroidism b. Grave's disease c. Hypothyroidism d. Cushing syndrome
hypothyroidism
Staining agents are used surgically to____? a.Identify abnormal cells b. Mark normal tissue planes c. Enhance visualization of body cavities d. Visualize stones or blockages in body structures
identify abnormal cells
Acetic Acid is used to _____? a. Remove small skin lesions b. Enhance radiographic studies c. Identify cervical dysplasia d. Reveal corneal abrasions
identify cervical dysplasia
Information provided in the PDR includes data on why a medication is used. This refers to the drug's _______.
indication
Dyes can be administered by all of the following methods except ____? a. Injected into the bloodstream b. Ingested into the digestive system c.Applied topically to tissue d. Instilled into cavities
ingested into the digestive system
Which one of the following is not a mechanism by which antimicrobial agents may work against pathogenic microorganisms? a. Inhibits cell-wall synthesis b. Alters cell-wall membrane c. Interferes with cell metabolism d. Interferes with reabsorption of sodium
interferes with reabsorption of sodium
Which route of administration for iodinated contrast media is more likely to cause an adverse reaction? a. Oral b. Intravascular c. Extravascular d. Rectal
intravascular
Nancy Cho is scheduled for a cholecystectomy and a common bile duct exploration. Her diagnosis is cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. You have Hypaque 50% and saline 50cc on the back table. The patient's chart should be checked for allergies. What allergy in particular would impact her cholangiogram?
iodine allergy
Which of the following is an example of a contrast media? a. Indigo carmine b. Acetic acid c. Lugol's solution d. Isovue
isovue
Prescription pads are ________. a. Signed in advance by the physician b. Kept in an area where they can be easily accessed c. Used to order blood work d. Kept in a secure place
kept in a secure place
Most drugs are excreted and eliminated by the _____.
kidney
The definition of a diuretic medication is an agent that prevents the reabsorption of sodium and water by which one of the following organs? a. lungs b. colon c. kidneys d. small intestine
kidneys
Which one of the following is classified as a high-ceiling diuretic medication and is used to decrease intracranial pressure? a. Aldactone b. Osmitrol c. Esidrix d. Lasix
lasix
Which one of the following medications is a loop diuretic? a. HydroDIURIL b. Aldactone c. Lasix d. Osmitrol
lasix
Define diluent
liquid such as saline or water used to reduce the concentration of an agent
The most common type of syringe used in surgery is the _____?
luer-loc
All of the following are blue-colored dyes except _____? a. Methylene blue b. Indigo carmine c. Lymphazurin d. Lugol's solution
lugol's solution
Schiller's test on cervical tissue is performed using _____? a. Omnipaque b. Indigo carmine c. Lugol's solution d. Hypaque
lugol's solution
The agent that identifies cellular-level tissue changes is _____? a. Methylene blue b. Visipaque c. Lymphazurin 1% d. Lugol's solution
lugol's solution
The pharmacologic agent used to delineate lymph nodes is which one of the following? a. Lymphazurin b. Indigo carmine c. Lugol's solution d. Omnipaque
lymphazurin
Abbreviation for: meter
m
Abbreviation for: milliequivalent
mEq
Erythromycin belongs to which group of antibiotics? a. Cephalosporins b. Macrolides c. Aminoglycosides d. Penicillins
macrolides
An example of a schedule C-I controlled substance is ______. a. Diazepam b. Marijuana c. Antidiarrheal agents d. Morphine
marijuana
All of the following must be read aloud when identifying a drug except ____? a. Drug name b. Manufacturer c. Strength d. Expiration date
maufacturer
Malignant cells that spread to other areas of the body form a tumor called a/an _____?
metastasis
A dye instilled into the bladder to help detect damage to the ureters is _____? a. methylene blue b. isosulfan blue c. lugol's solution d. acetic acid
methylene blue
The dye used to demonstrate the patency of the fallopian tubes is ___? a. Methylene blue b. Gentian violet c. Isosulfan blue d. Indigo carmine
methylene blue
An example of a schedule C-II controlled substance is _____. a. Diazepam b. Heroin c. Antidiarrheal agents d. Morphine
morphine
The study of shapes to identify bacteria is referred to as _____? a. Bacteriology b. Virology c. Morphology d. none of the above
morphology
All of the following are true of contrast media except ____? a. they are sensitive to light b. they are clear in color c. most contain iodine d. most are radiotransparent
most are radiotransparent
When handling medications in the surgical department, which one of the following statements does not apply? a. Both the scrub person and the circulator must follow aseptic technique. b. Multidose vials may be recapped aseptically and dated to enable the remaining portions to be used at a later time. c. Medications in a powder form must be reconstituted by the circulator before delivery to the sterile field. d. When the circulator is delivering solutions to the sterile field, the scrub person should hold the receiving container away from the sterile table.
multidose vials may be recapped aseptically and dated to enable the remaining portions to be used at a later time
The word suspension found on a medication's label means that the medication ______.
must be shaken before using
Antibiotics that are effective against one specific species of microorganisms are known as _____? a. Broad spectrum b. Aerobic c. Narrow spectrum d. Bacteriophilic
narrow spectrum
Improper or inadequate labeling of medications may be considered which one of the following?
negligence
Which of the following antibiotics is available only in topical form because it is too toxic for systemic use? a. Neomycin b. Tobramycin c. Kanamycin d. Streptomycin
neomycin
An abnormal growth of body cells is called a/an _____?
neoplasm
An FDA pregnancy category of A would describe the medication as having _______. a. A risk to the human fetus that has been proven b. No risk to fetus per studies c. No risk in animal studies d. None of the above
no risk to fetus per studies
Abbreviation for: nothing by mouth (os)
npo, NPO
The time between the administration of a drug and the first appearance of its effects is called _____.
onset
All of the following are acceptable to store medication in on the sterile table, except ____? a. Pitchers b. Opened ampules c. Medicine cups d. Basins
opened ampuels
What medication category is warfarin (coumadin) in?
oral antocoagulant
Preoperative and intraoperative antibiotics may be administered by any one of the following methods except: a. orally b. intravenously c. topically to the incision d. in irrigation solutions
orally
Unlike preoperative and intraoperative antibiotics, postoperative antibiotics may be administered _____? a. Orally b. By irrigation solution c. By ointment d. Intravenously
orally
Which diuretic is contraindicated in patients with hypertension? a. Potassium-sparing b. Osmotic c. Carbonic anydrase inhibitor d. High-ceiling (loop)
osmotic
Which one of the following hormones is necessary for the stimulation of uterine contractions during labor and delivery? a. Thyroxine b. Oxytocin c. Pitressin d. Norepinephrine
oxytocin
Which of the following has been added to the four basic vital signs? a. Pain b. Heart rate c. Respirations d. Pupil reaction
pain
Which one of the following glands has both endocrine and exocrine functions? a. Pituitary b. Thyroid c. Pancreas d. Adrenal
pancreas
Most medications used in surgery are administered by the following route _____. a. Enteral b. Topical c. Parenteral d. Bolus
parenteral
What medication category is Heparin in?
parenteral anticoagulation
A medication to be administered by any route except the mouth is given ___?
parenterally
Disease-causing microorganisms are called___?
pathogens
The time between administration of a drug and maximum effect is the _______.
peak effect
The first antibiotic was ____?
penicillin
An enzyme, produced by some bacteria, breaks down part of the chemical structure of penicillin, making the drug ineffective. This enzyme is called _____? a. Bacterase b. Penicillinase c. Amylase d. Cellulase
penicillinase
Hormones made of short chains of amino acids are called ____________ hormones. a. Peptide b. Amine c. Antidiuretic d. Protein
peptide
Abbreviation for: by means of, by
per
The study of drugs and their actions is ________.
pharmacodynamics
Oxytocin is available under which trade name? a. Pitocin b. Vasopressin c. Pitressin d. Celestone
pitocin
Which one of the following medications may be injected directly into the uterine muscle after a cesarean section? a. Pitocin b. Pitressin c. Prednisone d. Penicillin
pitocin
Which one of the following medications contains ADH and Oxytocin in a ratio of 20:1? a. Pitocin b. Pitressin c. Celestone d. Syntocinon
pitressin
Which one of the following medications is given to stabilize fluid balance in patients with diabetes insipidus? a. Pitressin b. Celestone c. Pitocin d. Syntocinon
pitressin
Adenohypophysis is associated with which one of the following glands? a. Pituitary b. Adrenal c. Parathyroid d. Testes
pituitary
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is produced by which gland? a. Adrenal b. Parathyroid c. Thyroid d. Pituitary
pituitary
Which one of the following glands is called the master gland? a. Pituitary b. Adrenal c. Pancreas d. Parathyroid
pituitary
Which electrolyte may be seriously depleted in patients taking certain diuretics? a. Sodium (Na+) b. Chloride (Cl) c. Calcium (Ca) d. Potassium (K+)
potassium
Pharmacogenetics is defined as the study of genetic facts to _______.
predict a medication's action
All of the following are working theories for the development of resistant pathogens except: a. Prescribing limited-spectrum antibiotics b. Prescribing antibiotics for viral infection c. Frequent exposure of normal host bacteria to antibiotics d. Patient noncompliance with physician's orders
prescribing limited spectrum antibiotics
The Durham-Humphrey amendment of 1952 discussed which of the following? a. Prescriptive and OTC drugs b. Labeling c. Standards for quality d. Animal testing
prescriptive and otc drugs
Prophylactic antibiotics are prescribed to ______? a. Treat surgical site infections (SSI) b. Prevent infections c. Identify pathogens d. Produce chemicals in the body
prevent infections
The pituitary gland has a role in all of the following body functions except _____? a. Reproduction b. Regulation of renal system c. Production of insulin d. Regulation of thyroid gland
production of insulin
Because they lack fully developed nuclei, bacteria are classified as _____? a. Permeable b. Eukaryotic c. Pathogenic d. Prokaryotic
prokaryotic
How is an order for a drug to be taken every 4 hours indicated on a prescription?
q4h
Which of these is not one of the "five rights" but is crucial in medication administration?
right documentation
Before medications are delivered into the sterile field, they must be identified by _____.
scrub person or circulator
Contrast media are characteristically ____? a. Rejected by abnormal cells b. Injected into the integumentary system c. Applied topically d. Sensitive to light
sensitive to light
Lymphazurin 1% is used in which of the following procedures? a. Cholecystectomy b. Hysterectomy c. Tubal dye study d. Sentinel node biopsy
sentinel node biposy
An expected but unidentified effect of a drug is termed a(n) _____ effect
side
Abbreviation for: label
sig
Diuretics cause the elimination of excess fluid by preventing the reabsorption of which one of the following elements? a. sodium b. chloride c. potassium d. calcium
sodium
A drug's ______ refers to its ability to be dissolved.
solubility
Abbreviation for: once, if necessary
sos
Among the most common causative agents of SSI are bacteria known as _____? a. Bacillus subtillis b. Streptococcus pneumoniae c. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus aureus
staphylococcus aureus
Abbreviation for: Immediately
stat
Who or what establishes the surgical technologist's role in medication handling? a. The Joint Commission b. Physician c. Circulator d. State practice acts
state practice acts
A new infection that appears during the course of treatment for a primary infection is know as a/an _____? a. Secondary infection b. Sepsis c. Superinfection d. Necrosis
superinfection
If a blood clot is formed in an artery, which course of treatment is most likely? a. medical b. sugical
surgical
What medication category is vitamin K (konakion) in?
systemic coagulant
Endogenous infection occurs from ____? a. Outside the patient's body b. The patient's own bacteria c. A tear in the surgeon's glove d. Contaminated surgical supplies
the patient's own bacteria
An anticoagulant drug is classified by its _____.
therapeutic action
Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) is which type of diuretic medication? a. Potassium-sparing b. Thiazide c. Osmotic d. Carbonic anydrase inhibitor
thiazide
What medication category is Alteplase (Activase) in?
thrombolytic
Natural thyroid hormones that are extracted from pig thyroid glands are made available under what trade name? a. Thyroid USP b. Cytomel c. Levothyroid d. Thyrolar
thyroid USP
Why should the scrubbed surgical technologist repeat the medication label information aloud? a. To ensure that he or she can read b. So that he or she can be heard c. To confirm the correct drug d. So that the surgical team will know
to confirm the correct drug
Define contamination
transmission of microorganisms to a sterile field or item
Calcium and vitamin K play vital roles in the process of clot formation. a. true b. false
true
Define reconstitute
turing a solid medication into a liquid by adding water or saline
What is the abbreviation for an ointment for of a given drug?
ung
A recapped bottle of sterile saline is considered _____?
unsterile
When recapping a needle you should ______.
use the onehanded method
What is the generic name for Pitressin? a. Oxytocin b. Pitocin c. Vasopressin d. Syntocinon
vasopressin
A medical plan of treatment for thrombosis usually indicates that a clot has formed in a(n): a. Vein b. Artery
vein
The therapeutic action of a medication refers to ______. a. What the drug does in the body b. What the drug does for the patient c. What the drug effects d. What the drug is
what the drug does for the patient
Define asepsis
without infection
Which one of the following anesthetic agents may be used for a retrobulbar block? a. 5% Ophthaine b. 1% lidocaine with Vitrase c. 4% cocaine d. 0.5% Pontocaine
1% lidocaine with Vitrase
1/2 x 1/6 = _____
1/12
1/12 + 5/12 = ____
1/2
50° F = _____° C
10
7.05 + 3.221 = ______
10.271
For an infant surgical procedure, the operating room temperature must be warm. Your surgeon wants to know the current temperature in Fahrenheit, but you know the temperature is 38 degrees Celsius. What is the Fahrenheit temperature? a. 100.4 b. 33.2 c. 32 d. 98.6
100.4
16 5/6 - 5 2/5= ____
11 13/30
What is 25% of 50?
12.5
50° C = _____° F.
122
Heparin is available in vials of solutions in each of the following concentrations (in units/ml) to be used at the sterile field except: a. 150 b. 1000 c. 5000 d. 10,000
150
What is 5:15 pm in military time?
1715
Which concentration of epinephrine is for topical use only? a. 1:1000 b. 1:100,000 c. 1:200,000 d. 1:500,000
1:1000
2/3 ÷ 1/3 = ____
2
6.6 - 4.4452 = ______
2.1548
Your surgeon is using a medication that is given according to the surgical patient's weight in kilograms. The patient weighs 6 pounds. How many kilograms is this? a. 0.367 b. 36.7 c. 27.3 d. 2.73
2.73
1/5 × 100 = ___
20
The surgeon's preference card asks for a 1:1:3 solution of polymyxin B sulfate, bacitracin, and saline mixture on the sterile field. What percentage of the solution does each ingredient represent? a. 80%, 10%, 10% b. 20%, 20%, 60% c. 10%, 40%, 50% d. 20%, 30%, 50%
20%, 20%, 60%
0.25% is expressed as a fraction as
25/100
Which of the following hypodermic needles has the smaller lumen? a. 18 guage b. 21 guage c. 25 guage d. 27 guage
27 gauge
3 5/8 written as an improper fraction is ____?
29/8
What is the length of a standard spinal needle?
3 inches
What is the normal range for serum potassium? a. 5 - 5.2 mEq/L b. 12 - 23.3 mEq/L c. 42 - 43.5 mEq/L d. 3.5 - 5 mEq/L
3.5 - 5 mEq/L
Which fraction is in its lowest terms? a. 3/4 b. 10/12 c. 2/2 d. 6/8
3/4
How long before a surgical procedure should the preoperative prophylactic antibiotics be administered? a. 10 minutes b. 30 minutes c. 1 hour d. 2 hours
30 minutes
20 is what percent of 50?
40
What is the onset of heparin (in minutes)? a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20
5
A surgeon requests the use of an embolectomy catheter that has a 3mL balloon. Which of these syringes is the BEST choice for inflating this balloon? a. 1 mL TB syringe b. 5 mL syringe c. 10 cc syringe d. Toomey syringe
5 mL syringe
8 is what percent of 12?
66.6%
In the number 123.45678, which digit is in the ten thousandths place?
7
8.3 × 0.9 = _____
7.47
Which one of the following hormones helps control calcium and phosphate levels in the blood? a. Thyroxine (T4) b. Triiodothyronine (T3) c. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) d. Calcitonin
Calcitonin
Which is not a topical hemostatic? a. Bone wax b. Tannic acid c. Silver nitrate d. Calcium salts
Calcium salts
Which systemic coagulant is contraindicated in patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia? a. Calcium salts b. Vitamin K c. Hemofil- M d. Factor VIII
Calcium salts
Hormones produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands are collectively called: a. Steroids b. Nonsteroids c. Catecholamines d. Vasoconstrictors
Catecholamines
The "fight-or-flight" response to stress is initiated by: a. Catecholamines b. Steroids c. Glucocorticoids d. Mineralocorticoids
Catecholamines
Which one of the following classifications of hormones is sympathomimetic? a. Steroids b. Nonsteroids c. Catecholamines d. Vasoconstrictors
Catecholamines
Testing the temperature of irrigation solution is important, because if too hot, it can a. Disrupt the electrosurgical unit (ESU) b. Fog the endoscopes c. Cause tissue damage d. Rust instrumentation
Cause tissue damage
Drugs that promote clot formation are termed: a. Coagulants b. Anticoagulants c. Hemostatics d. Fibrinolytics
Coagulants
Which vitamin serves a vital role in coagulation? a. K b. D c. A d. C
K
What is 2:05 am in military time?
0205
Seven o'clock in the morning, military time, would be written as ____?
0700
Your surgery supervisor asks you to report to work by seven thirty in the morning. How would this be written in military time?
0730
1 gram of an antibiotic is equal to __________ mL of fluid.
1
What is the effect of cycloplegic drugs? a. Miosis b. Mydriasis c. Proteolysis d. Diuresis
Mydriasis
Which group of ophthalmic drugs dilates the pupil? a. Mydriatics b. Miotics c. Viscoelastic agents d. Dyes
Mydriatics
32° F = _____° C
0
In the decimals 0.0000332 and 0.0000035, which has the larger value?
0.0000332
What is the decimal form of the fraction 1/8?
0.125
One of the most common IV solutions used in the surgical setting is which one of the following? a. Sterile water b. 0.9% Sodium Chloride c. Dextrose d. Dextran
0.9% Sodium Chloride
Which of the following is not one of the four major blood types? a. A b. AB c. B d. ABO e. O
ABO
Human insulin produced through recombinant DNA technology is: a. DiaBeta b. Diabinese c. Tolinase d. Humulin
Humulin
Which one of the following conditions is not a result of hypokalemia? a. Cardiac arrest b. Cardiac dysrhythmias c. Muscle weakness d. Increased intracranial pressure
Increased intracranial pressure
Which one of the following hemostatic agents may be used dry or moist and is available in film, powder, and sponge forms? a. Chemical hemostatics b. Oxidized cellulose c. MCH d. Absorbable gelatin
Absorbable gelatin
Which one of the following ophthalmic anesthetic agents is used only in a topical form? a. Xylocaine b. Marcaine c. Sensorcaine d. Alcaine
Alcaine
Which mineralocorticoid maintains hemostatic levels of sodium in the blood? a. Epinephrine b. Norepinephrine c. Aldosterone d. Deoxycorticosterone
Aldosterone
The largest group of anticancer agents is: a. Alkylating medications b. Antimetabolites c. Mitotic inhibitors d. Hormones
Alkylating medications
Which one of the following drugs dissolves the suspensory ligaments during an intracapsular cataract extraction? a. Wydase b. Alpha-chymotrypsin c. Atropine sulfate d. Healon
Alpha-chymotrypsin
Which group of drugs interferes with the transmission of pain impulses to the brain? a. Cycloplegics b. Viscoelastic agents c. Anesthetic agents d. Anti-inflammatory agents
Anesthetic agents
BSS is an example of which ophthalmic drug category? a. Anesthesia b. Lubricants c. Anti-inflammatory agents d. Irrigating solutions
Irrigating solutions
The pancreatic duct transports all of the following into the duodenum except: a. Insulin b. Amylase c. Lipase d. Proteinase
Insulin
The volume of erythrocytes in a given volume of blood is called which one of the following? a. Hemoglobin b. Hematocrit c. Plasma d. White blood cell count
Hematocrit
Proteins responsible for transporting oxygen to cells are which one of the following? a. Leukocytes b. Platelets c. Antigens d. Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin
Agents that inhibit the process of blood clot formation are called: a. Coagulants b. Anticoagulants c. Hemostatics d. Thrombolytics
Anticoagulants
Which of the following is not a form of absorbable collagen sponge? a. Helistate b. Instat c. Hemopad d. Avitene e. Collastat
Avitene
Which one of the following hemostatic agents causes adhesion formation if it comes in contact with nonbleeding tissues? a. Surgicel b. Avitene c. Gelfoam d. NuKnit
Avitene
Which one of the following is a microfibrillar collagen? a. Oxycel b. Surgicel c. Avitene d. NuKnit
Avitene
If a tumor resembles normal tissue, grows slowly, and does not spread to surrounding tissues, it is considered to be which one of the following? a. Metastatic b. Benign c. Malignant d. Cancerous
Benign
Why is topical application the most common method of administering anesthesia for eye surgery? a. Blood-eye barrier prevents effective absorption of most systemic drugs b. Eye procedures do not require systemic anesthesia c. Eyes do not have deep pain receptors; therefore deep anesthesia is not needed d. Topical anesthesia administered through the conjunctiva remains in the eye for an extended time
Blood-eye barrier prevents effective absorption of most systemic drugs
Which one of the following hemostatic agents creates a mechanical barrier to control bleeding? a. Tannic acid b. Silver nitrate c. Collastat d. Bone wax
Bone wax
Microfibrillar collagen hemostat is derived from: a. Bovine corium collagen b. Purified pork skin c. Purified beeswax d. An astringent plant
Bovine corium collagen
List any five pieces of information found on a medication's label
Brand and generic names Total volume Manufacturer's name Administration route Dosage strength Label Alerts Form (liquid, etc) Expiration date Supply dose
Which of the following is not an example of a blood alternative? a. Hemopure b. Hemostat c. Polyheme d. Hemospan
Hemostat
Which one of the following is a systemic anticoagulant? a. Gelfoam b. Heparin c. Vitamin K d. Avitene
Heparin
Which one of the following is the generic name for Decadron? a. Dexamethasone b. Prednisone c. Triamcinolone acetonide d. Betamethasone
Dexamethasone
Which IV solution increases insulin requirements for the patient with diabetes? a. Sterile water b. Dextrose c. Normal saline d. Ionosol B
Dextrose
Avitene must be applied with a _______ instrument. a. Large b. Wet c. Dry d. Warm
Dry
Another name for donor blood is which one of the following? a. Homologous b. Autologous c. Auto transfusion d. Synthetic
Homologous
The anticancer agents that include androgens are: a. Antineoplastic antibiotics b. Mitotic inhibitors c. Hormones d. Biologic response modifiers
Hormones
Which of the following hormones is used with local anesthetic medications? a. Progesterone b. Provera c. Epinephrine d. Thyroglobulin
Epinephrine
Which of the following hormines is given for palliative treatment of androgen-dependent prostate cancer? a. Testosterone b. Estrogen c. Progesterone d. Calcitonin
Estrogen
Which one of the following hormones is given for palliative treatment of metastatic breast cancer? a. Testosterone b. Estrogen c. Progesterone d. Androgen
Estrogen
Which one of the following is an ovarian hormone? a. Cortisone b. Estrogen c. Testosterone d. Tyroxine
Estrogen
Which government agency regulated the pharmaceutical industry?
FDA
During the third stage of blood clot formation, ________________ is formed. a. Thromboplastin b. Prothrombin c. Thrombin d. Fibrin
Fibrin
Which one of the following is a natural clot- dissolving enzyme in the blood? a. Fibrin b. Fibrinogen c. Fibrinolysin d. Fibrin stabilizing factor
Fibrinolysin
The exocrine pancreas is the primary source for all of the following digestive enzymes except: a. Glucagon b. Amylase c. Lipase d. Proteinase
Glucagon
Which one of the following pancreatic hormones stimulates the liver to break down glycogen into glucose to increase the blood sugar level? a. Proteinase b. Glucagon c. Amylase d. Insulin
Glucagon
Which group of hormones is used to reduce the postoperative inflammatory response? a. Catecholamines b. Glucocorticoids c. Mineralocorticoids d. Nonsteroids
Glucocorticoids
Which one of the following hormones is not a catecholamine? a. Epinephrine b. Norepinephrine c. Adrenalin d. Glucocorticoids
Glucocorticoids
Abbreviation for: keep vein open, to keep open
KVO, TKO
Which one of the following drugs is given postoperatively to reduce inflammation? a. Dexamethasone b. Fluribiprofen 0.03% c. Ketorolac 0.5% d. Prednisolone
Ketorolac 0.5%
Abbreviation for: liter
L
The trade, or brand name, for Furosemide is: a. Mannitol b. Osmitrol c. Diamox d. Lasix
Lasix
The antineoplastic agent used in ectopic pregnancy is which one of the following? a. Fluorouracil b. Cytoxan c. Methotrexate d. Nitrogen mustard
Methotrexate
Which one of the following is the generic name for Solu-Medrol? a. Dexamethasone b. Methylprednisolone c. Triamcinolone acetonide d. Betamethasone
Methylprednisolone
Which one of the following is not a viscoelastic agent? a. Healon b. Miochol c. Viscoat d. Occucoat
Miochol
Which one of the following medications should be reconstituted immediately before use? a. Miochol-E b. Miostat c. Pilocar d. IsotoCarpine
Miochol-E
Which one of the following drugs is not a topical miotic? a. Miostat b. Pilocar c. IsoptoCarpine d. IsoptoCarbachol
Miostat
Blurred vision; abdominal cramps and diarrhea; and eye, eyebrow, and eyelid pain are side effects of which one of the following groups of ophthalmic drugs? a. Anesthetic agents b. Miotics c. Viscoelastic agents d. Cycloplegics
Miotics
Drugs that constrict the pupil by stimulating the iris muscle are called: a. Viscoelastic agents b. Miotics c. Mydriatics d. Cycloplegics
Miotics
Which group of ophthalmic drugs is used in the short-term treatment of glaucoma? a. Lubricants b. Miotics c. Mydriatics d. Cycloplegics
Miotics
an order for a drug to be given as needed is called an _______ order
PRN
Drugs that relieve symptoms of a condition but do not cure it are: a. Palliative b. Recombinant c. Androgen d. Asymptomatic
Palliative
What blood product is given when clotting factors are required? a. Whole blood b. Packed cells c. Plasma d. Erythrocytes
Plasma
Major electrolytes found in body fluids are sodium, chloride, calcium, and: a. Glucose b. Potassium c. Creatinine d. Urea
Potassium
Ophthalmic lubricants are generally used to: a. Prevent corneal abrasions while the patient is under general anesthesia b. Keep the cornea moist during eye surgery c. Decrease tissue irritation as suture material moves through tissue layers d. Enhance the effect of topical anesthesia
Prevent corneal abrasions while the patient is under general anesthesia
Which one of the following is not a function of hormones? a. Regulation of internal chemical balance and volume b. Response to environmental changes c. Production of histamine (H2) receptor antagonists to bind to target cells d. Reproduction
Production of histamine receptor antagonists to bind to target cells
Epinephrine is combined with local anesthetics to: a. Prolong the effects of local anesthesia b. Inhibit the postoperative inflammatory response c. Induce amnesia d. Prevent blood clot formation
Prolong the effects of local anesthesia
Which one of the following drugs is used to reverse the effect of heparin? a. Enoxaparin sodium b. Lovenox c. Calcium chloride d. Protamine sulfate
Protamine sulfate
An antimicrobial agent used to inhibit bacterial growth is called _____?
bacteriostatic
Bacteria classified as eukaryotes can be defined as ____? a. Having an early or pre nucleus b. Having smaller ribosomes than prokaryotes c. Being found in multicellular organisms d. Having a plasma membrane, whereas prokaryotes do not
being found in multicellular organisms
Which one of the following types of diuretic medications is prescribed in the treatment of glaucoma? a. Thiazide b. Potassium-sparing c. Carbonic anydrase inhibitor d. High-ceiling (loop)
carbonic anydrase inhibitor
Abbreviation for cubic centimeter
cc
Which one of the following major groups of antibiotics is classified into five generations on the basis of the spectrum of its activity? a. Cephalosporins b. Macrolides c. Tetracyclines d. Penicillins
cephalosporins
What medication category is monsel solution in?
chemical hemostatic
Steroidal hormones are derived from ____? a. Cholesterol b. Amino acids c. Proteins d. Glucose
cholesterol
Which member of the surgical team must document the medications that are used at the surgical field?
circulator
The scrub person may receive medications into the sterile field in all of the following ways except _____? a. Circulator places the bottle on the corner of the back table. b. Circulator pours the medication into a sterile container. c. Scrub person draws up the medication from the bottle held by the circulator. d. All of the above are correct.
circulator places the bottle on the corner of the back table
The distribution of drugs within the body is carried out through which one of the following body systems? a. Respiratory b. Circulatory c. Integumentary d. Urinary
circulatory
Abbreviation for: centemeter
cm
