Pharmacology (collective set)

Neomycin combined with polymyxin and bacitracin is marketed as which one of the following? a. Neosporin b. A-K Tracin c. Ilotycin d. Garamycin

Neosporin

Bone wax is used primarily in which one of the following surgical specialties? a. General surgery b. Gynecology c. Neurosurgery d. Otorhinolaryngology

Neurosurgery

The intravenous (IV) solution used during blood transfusion is: a. Water b. Lactated ringer solution c. Normal saline d. PlasmaLyte

Normal saline

A federal agency that contributed and monitors policies concerning health care workers' safety is ______.

OSHA

Ophthalmic dyes are used to accomplish each of the following except: a. Diagnose corneal and conjunctival epithelium abnormalities b. Locate a foreign body c. Observe flow of vitreous humor d. Verify lacrimal system blockage

Observe flow of vitreous humor

The trade, or brand name, for Mannitol is: a. Osmitrol b. Diamox c. Lasix d. Diuril

Osmitrol

Which one of the following, if administered preoperatively, will necessitate the placement of an indwelling urinary catheter? a. Timoptic b. Betagan c. Occupress d. Osmitrol

Osmitrol

The diuretic medication that draws fluid out of tissues and into the circulatory system is called: a. Osmotic b. High-ceiling c. Loop d. Thiazide

Osmotic

Long-term treatment of glaucoma may include any one of the following groups of drugs except: a. Miotic agents b. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors c. Osmotic diuretic medications d. Beta-adrenergic blockers

Osmotic diuretic medications

A condition in which the skeletal system loses mineralized bone volume is: a. Osteromalacia b. Osteoporosis c. Addison disease d. Grade disease

Osteoporosis

Which dye is primarily used for diagnosis of "dry eye syndrome"? a. Methylene blue b. Flu-Glo c. Fluorescein sodium d. Rose bengal 1%

Rose bengal 1%

Abbreviation for: take

Rx

The irrigation solution that is conductive and is used with caution in the presence of the ESU is which one of the following? a. Sterile water b. Physiosol c. Sorbital d. Saline

Saline

Nancy Cho is scheduled for a cholecystectomy and a common bile duct exploration. Her diagnosis is cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. You have Hypaque 50% and saline 50cc on the back table. Which solution would be injected first and why?

Saline is injected first to verify the correct placement into the common bile duct

Which statement does not apply to the required steps for proper medication identification? a. Read the label on the container. b. Check the integrity of the container. c. Check the expiration date. d. Show the label to the surgeon.

Show the label to the surgeon

Which one of the following agents is a chemical hemostatic? a. Bone wax b. Silver nitrate c. Heparin d. Vitamin K

Silver nitrate

Which one of the following causes a chemical burn to stop capillary bleeding? a. Silver nitrate b. Konakion c. Helistat d. Heparin

Silver nitrate

The electrolyte that controls the distribution of water in the body and maintains fluid and electrolyte balance is: a. Sodium b. Potassium c. Magnesium d. Calcium

Sodium

Hormones produced by the cortex of adrenal glands are collectively called: a. Steroids b. Nonsteroids c. Catecholamines d. Vasoconstrictors

Steroids

Steroid anti-inflammatory drugs are used in ophthalmology to: a. Prevent the rejection of a corneal transplant b. Suppress inflammatory response to trauma c. Inhibit intraoperative miosis d. Diagnose corneal abrasions

Suppress inflammatory response to trauma

Which one of the following is used to correct deficiencies in the natural clotting mechanism and may be administered preoperatively or intraoperatively? a. Systemic coagulants b. Chemical hemostatics c. Thrombin d. Collagen hemostatics

Systemic coagulants

What would the patient effects be if epinephrine 1:1000 was injected? a. Bradycardia and hypotension b. Bradycardia and hypertension c. Tachycardia and hypertension d. Tachycardia and hypotension

Tachycardia and hypertension

The organization that evaluated and accredits health care institutions is ______.

The Joint Commission

During the second stage of blood clot formation, ______________ is formed. a.Thromboplastin b.Prothrombin c.Thrombin d.Fibrinogen

Thrombin

Which of the following is not a form of absorbable gelatin? a. Gelfilm b. Gelfoam powder c. Gelfoam sponge d. Thrombogen

Thrombogen

Agents that dissolve already formed clots are called: a. Coagulants b. Anticoagulants c. Hemostatics d. Thrombolytics

Thrombolytics

Which group of drugs is given intravenously to dissolve existing blood clots? a. Parenteral anticoagulants b. Oral anticoagulants c. Thrombolytics d. Factor XIII inhibitors

Thrombolytics

During the first stage of blood clot formation, _______________ is formed. a. Thromboplastin b. Prothrombin c. Thrombin d. Fibrin

Thromboplastin

The formation or presence of a blood clot within the vasucular system is termed: a. Hemostasis b. Thrombosis c. Coagulation d. Aggregation

Thrombosis

Which one of the following hemostatic agents should be used immediately after it is reconstituted? a. Avitene b. Instat MCH c. Thrombostat d. Helistat

Thrombostat

Which one of the following is not a thyroid hormone? a. Thyroxine (T4) b. Triiodothyronine (T3) c. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) d. Calcitonin

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Which one of the following antiglaucoma agents is only administered topically? a. Acetazolamide b. Mannitol c. Timolol d. Glycerine

Timolol

Anticoagulants are used for any of the following reasons except: a. To prevent pulmonary embolism b. To prevent venous thrombosis c. To dissolve blood clots causing a myocardial infarction d. Postoperative prophylactic therapy for patients with a history of arterial stasis

To dissolve blood clots causing a myocardial infarction

What types of hemostatics are used on areas of capillary bleeding? a. Subcutaneous b. Intravenous c. Intramuscular d. Topical

Topical

The body's failure to respond to the action of insulin on target cells results in which one of the following conditions? a. Hyperglycemia b. Hypoglycemia c. Type I diabetes d. Type II diabetes

Type II diabetes

Heparin is measured in: a. Milliliters b. Milligrams c. Units d. Drams

Units

The exact cause of cancer is which one of the following? a. Genetic b. Environmental c. Medical d. Unknown

Unknown

Thick, gelatinous substances that are injected into the eye to keep the chamber expanded or to replace vitreous humor are: a. Viscoelastic agents b. Enzymes c. Cycloplegics d. Mydriatics

Viscoelastic agents

Intravenous adminstration of _______________ is associated with anaphylactic reactions and should not be attempted unless no other venue is available. a. Calcium salts b. Vitamin K c. Anti-hemophilic factor (AHF) d. Factor IX

Vitamin K

Which one of the following is mixed with injectable local anesthetic agents to increase its rate of diffusion through tissues? a. Vitrase b. Pilocarpine c. Healon d. BSS

Vitrase

Dextran is an example of a: a. Blood substitute b. Volume expander c. Cryoprecipitate d. Plasma protein

Volume expander

Most transfusions involve packed red blood cells (RBCs) given with a. Volume expander b. Dextrose solution c. Plasma d. Normal saline

Volume expander

International regulation of medications is under the authority of the following ______.

WHO

Abbreviation for: of each

aa

Abbreviation for: to, up to

ad

Abbreviation for: as desired

ad lib

A drug that binds to a receptor and stimulated its function is said to be a(n) ______ drug.

agonist

Which one of the following is a steroidal hormone. a. Amine b. Peptide c. Protein d. Aldosterone

aldosterone

Who discovered Penicillin?

alexander fleming

Which one of the following is considered the simplest form of hormone? a. Steroids b. Nonsteroids c. Antidiuretics d. Amines

amines

Nonsteroidal hormones are synthesized from ____? a. Cholesterol b. Amino acids c. Aldosterone d. Glucose

amino acids

Which category of antibiotics is known to be ototoxic and nephrotixic? a. Cephalosporins b. Macrolides c. Aminoglycosides d. Penicillins

aminoglycosides

Abbreviation for: amount

amt

Which of the following steps does not apply once a medication error has occurred? a. malpractice b. tort c. materia madica d. negligence

an incident report is not required

Steroidal hormones that promote male characteristics are ____? a. Hypogonadists b. Recombinants c. Catecholamines d. Androgens

androgens

Which group of drugs is known as receptor blockers?

antagonists

The antibiotics that are commonly used are ____? a. antibacterial b. antiviral c. antifungal d. antiparasitic

antibacterial

When a microoganism's DNA sequence is altered to prevent destruction by an agent, the microorganism is said to have developoed a/an ______? a. Antibiotic resistance b. Broad-spectrum coverage c. Plasma membrane d. Bacteriostatic effect

antibiotic resistance

The process of collecting, processing, and reinfusing the patient's own blood is called _____?

autotransfusion

What cardiac condition requires treatment with diuretics? a. Congestive heart failure b. Bradycardia c. Tachycardia d. Cardiac arrhythmia

congestive heart failure

Bacteria can obtain antibiotic resistance through _____? a. Elimination b. Conjugation c. Synthesis d. Leakage

conjugation

Pharmacologic agents used in diagnostic radiographic testing are considered which of the following? a. dyes b. steroids c. contrast media d. staining agents

contract media

Medication labels must contain all of the following information except _____? a. Generic and trade names b. Contraindications c. Strength of medications d. Amount of medication

contraindications

Medication labels must contain all of the following information except ____. a. Generic and trade names b. Contraindications c. Strength of medication d. Expiration date

contrindications

Medications determined to have an abuse potential are called

controlled substances

Which one of the following combination agents contains an antibiotic, an anti-inflammatory and must be shaken before using? a. Coly-mycin S Otic b. Neosporin GU Irrigant c. Cortisporin Suspension Otic d. Bacitracin with Polymixin B

cortisporin suspension otic

A series of tests used to identify disease-causing microorganisms and to determine their susceptibility to various antibiotics is called ____? a. Hemoglobin and hematocrit (H&H) b. Culture and sensitivity (C&S) c. Antibiotic resistance d. Gram stain

culture and sensitivity (c&s)

During an operative cholangiogram, saline is injected to ____? a. Dilute the contrast media b. Verify catheter placement c. Enhance the structures on x-ray film d. Remove the contrast media after the x-ray study is complete

dilute the contrast media

When changing shifts, the incoming surgical technologist notices one of the medications on the sterile field is not accurately labeled. What should she or he do? a. Discard the medication and ask the circulator for a new dose. b. Ask the scrub person to label the medication before leaving. c. Ask the circulator to show him or her the empty vial and then label it properly. d. Ask the surgeon what to do.

discard the medication and ask the circulator for a new dose

What is the first action that should be taken by the scrubbed surgical technologist when withdrawing medication from an inverted vial held by the circulator? a. Puncture the rubber stopper b. Remove the rubber stopper c. Remove the syringe plunger d. Draw air into the syringe

draw air into the syringe

Potassium-sparing diuretics are commonly used to treat which one of the following conditions? a. Edema b. Congestive heart failure c. Intracranial pressure d. Intraocular pressure

edema

A type of liquid medication contained in a mixture of water and oil bound together is a/an ______.

emulsion

Which one of the following is not a steroidal hormone? a. Cortisol b. Estrogen c. Testosterone d. Epinephrine

epinephrine

Macrolide antibiotics include ____? a. Cephalothin b. Erythromycin c. Minocycline d. Oxacillin

erythromycin

A 30-gauge hypodermic needle is larger in diameter than an 18-gauge needle. a.True b.False

false

Hemostatic agents are effective against major arterial or venous bleeding. a. true b. false

false

Antibiotics are natural chemicals called metabolites, which are produced by _____? a. Fungi and bacteria b. Viruses and parasites c. Human cells d. Sulfa drugs

fungi and bacteria

Abbreviation for: gram

g

Which form of a drug tends to act more quickly? a. Solid b. Semisolid c. Liquid d. Gas

gas

A group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure is known as which of the following? a. Glaucoma b. Creatinine c. Macular degeneration d. Hyperkalemia

glacoma

Define carpule

glass tube containing medication

Which procedure gives the physician an immediate response to initiate a course of antibiotics? a. C&S b. Gram stain c. Aerobic test d. Anaerobic culture

gram stain

Abbreviation for: drop

gtt

Which one of the following is the abbreviation for drops form of a given drug? a. gtts b. ung c. susp d. soln

gtts

What medication category is Oxidized regerated cellulose (Surgicel) in?

hemostatic

An example of a C-I scheduled drug is _____. a. Codeine b. Steroids c. Opium d. Heroin

heroin

All of the following are basic parts of a syringe, except _____? a. Hub b. Barrel c. Plunger d. Tip

hub

Which is the current treatment to reduce nephrotoxicity after the administration of contrast media? a. Antibiotic therapy b. Administration of a vasodilator c. Hydration d. Dehydration

hydration

Which term indicates an abnormally high concentration of potassium in the blood? a. Hypernatremia b. Creatinine c. Homeostasis d. Hyperkalemia

hyperkalemia

Which one of the following endocrine disorders may be treated surgically? a.Hyposecretion b. Hypersecretion

hypersecretion

A/an __________ effect is an undesired result from previous exposure to the drug or similar drug.

hypersensitivity

When too much potassium is excreted, the resulting condition is called _____? a. Hypocalcemia b. Hypokalemia c. Hypernatremia d. Hyperemia

hypokalemia

An adult patient who complains of being sleepy, less alert and having slow heart rate with reduced endurance may be suffering from which one of the following conditions? a. Hyperthyroidism b. Grave's disease c. Hypothyroidism d. Cushing syndrome

hypothyroidism

Staining agents are used surgically to____? a.Identify abnormal cells b. Mark normal tissue planes c. Enhance visualization of body cavities d. Visualize stones or blockages in body structures

identify abnormal cells

Acetic Acid is used to _____? a. Remove small skin lesions b. Enhance radiographic studies c. Identify cervical dysplasia d. Reveal corneal abrasions

identify cervical dysplasia

Information provided in the PDR includes data on why a medication is used. This refers to the drug's _______.

indication

Dyes can be administered by all of the following methods except ____? a. Injected into the bloodstream b. Ingested into the digestive system c.Applied topically to tissue d. Instilled into cavities

ingested into the digestive system

Which one of the following is not a mechanism by which antimicrobial agents may work against pathogenic microorganisms? a. Inhibits cell-wall synthesis b. Alters cell-wall membrane c. Interferes with cell metabolism d. Interferes with reabsorption of sodium

interferes with reabsorption of sodium

Which route of administration for iodinated contrast media is more likely to cause an adverse reaction? a. Oral b. Intravascular c. Extravascular d. Rectal

intravascular

Nancy Cho is scheduled for a cholecystectomy and a common bile duct exploration. Her diagnosis is cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. You have Hypaque 50% and saline 50cc on the back table. The patient's chart should be checked for allergies. What allergy in particular would impact her cholangiogram?

iodine allergy

Which of the following is an example of a contrast media? a. Indigo carmine b. Acetic acid c. Lugol's solution d. Isovue

isovue

Prescription pads are ________. a. Signed in advance by the physician b. Kept in an area where they can be easily accessed c. Used to order blood work d. Kept in a secure place

kept in a secure place

Most drugs are excreted and eliminated by the _____.

kidney

The definition of a diuretic medication is an agent that prevents the reabsorption of sodium and water by which one of the following organs? a. lungs b. colon c. kidneys d. small intestine

kidneys

Which one of the following is classified as a high-ceiling diuretic medication and is used to decrease intracranial pressure? a. Aldactone b. Osmitrol c. Esidrix d. Lasix

lasix

Which one of the following medications is a loop diuretic? a. HydroDIURIL b. Aldactone c. Lasix d. Osmitrol

lasix

Define diluent

liquid such as saline or water used to reduce the concentration of an agent

The most common type of syringe used in surgery is the _____?

luer-loc

All of the following are blue-colored dyes except _____? a. Methylene blue b. Indigo carmine c. Lymphazurin d. Lugol's solution

lugol's solution

Schiller's test on cervical tissue is performed using _____? a. Omnipaque b. Indigo carmine c. Lugol's solution d. Hypaque

lugol's solution

The agent that identifies cellular-level tissue changes is _____? a. Methylene blue b. Visipaque c. Lymphazurin 1% d. Lugol's solution

lugol's solution

The pharmacologic agent used to delineate lymph nodes is which one of the following? a. Lymphazurin b. Indigo carmine c. Lugol's solution d. Omnipaque

lymphazurin

Abbreviation for: meter

m

Abbreviation for: milliequivalent

mEq

Erythromycin belongs to which group of antibiotics? a. Cephalosporins b. Macrolides c. Aminoglycosides d. Penicillins

macrolides

An example of a schedule C-I controlled substance is ______. a. Diazepam b. Marijuana c. Antidiarrheal agents d. Morphine

marijuana

All of the following must be read aloud when identifying a drug except ____? a. Drug name b. Manufacturer c. Strength d. Expiration date

maufacturer

Malignant cells that spread to other areas of the body form a tumor called a/an _____?

metastasis

A dye instilled into the bladder to help detect damage to the ureters is _____? a. methylene blue b. isosulfan blue c. lugol's solution d. acetic acid

methylene blue

The dye used to demonstrate the patency of the fallopian tubes is ___? a. Methylene blue b. Gentian violet c. Isosulfan blue d. Indigo carmine

methylene blue

An example of a schedule C-II controlled substance is _____. a. Diazepam b. Heroin c. Antidiarrheal agents d. Morphine

morphine

The study of shapes to identify bacteria is referred to as _____? a. Bacteriology b. Virology c. Morphology d. none of the above

morphology

All of the following are true of contrast media except ____? a. they are sensitive to light b. they are clear in color c. most contain iodine d. most are radiotransparent

most are radiotransparent

When handling medications in the surgical department, which one of the following statements does not apply? a. Both the scrub person and the circulator must follow aseptic technique. b. Multidose vials may be recapped aseptically and dated to enable the remaining portions to be used at a later time. c. Medications in a powder form must be reconstituted by the circulator before delivery to the sterile field. d. When the circulator is delivering solutions to the sterile field, the scrub person should hold the receiving container away from the sterile table.

multidose vials may be recapped aseptically and dated to enable the remaining portions to be used at a later time

The word suspension found on a medication's label means that the medication ______.

must be shaken before using

Antibiotics that are effective against one specific species of microorganisms are known as _____? a. Broad spectrum b. Aerobic c. Narrow spectrum d. Bacteriophilic

narrow spectrum

Improper or inadequate labeling of medications may be considered which one of the following?

negligence

Which of the following antibiotics is available only in topical form because it is too toxic for systemic use? a. Neomycin b. Tobramycin c. Kanamycin d. Streptomycin

neomycin

An abnormal growth of body cells is called a/an _____?

neoplasm

An FDA pregnancy category of A would describe the medication as having _______. a. A risk to the human fetus that has been proven b. No risk to fetus per studies c. No risk in animal studies d. None of the above

no risk to fetus per studies

Abbreviation for: nothing by mouth (os)

npo, NPO

The time between the administration of a drug and the first appearance of its effects is called _____.

onset

All of the following are acceptable to store medication in on the sterile table, except ____? a. Pitchers b. Opened ampules c. Medicine cups d. Basins

opened ampuels

What medication category is warfarin (coumadin) in?

oral antocoagulant

Preoperative and intraoperative antibiotics may be administered by any one of the following methods except: a. orally b. intravenously c. topically to the incision d. in irrigation solutions

orally

Unlike preoperative and intraoperative antibiotics, postoperative antibiotics may be administered _____? a. Orally b. By irrigation solution c. By ointment d. Intravenously

orally

Which diuretic is contraindicated in patients with hypertension? a. Potassium-sparing b. Osmotic c. Carbonic anydrase inhibitor d. High-ceiling (loop)

osmotic

Which one of the following hormones is necessary for the stimulation of uterine contractions during labor and delivery? a. Thyroxine b. Oxytocin c. Pitressin d. Norepinephrine

oxytocin

Which of the following has been added to the four basic vital signs? a. Pain b. Heart rate c. Respirations d. Pupil reaction

pain

Which one of the following glands has both endocrine and exocrine functions? a. Pituitary b. Thyroid c. Pancreas d. Adrenal

pancreas

Most medications used in surgery are administered by the following route _____. a. Enteral b. Topical c. Parenteral d. Bolus

parenteral

What medication category is Heparin in?

parenteral anticoagulation

A medication to be administered by any route except the mouth is given ___?

parenterally

Disease-causing microorganisms are called___?

pathogens

The time between administration of a drug and maximum effect is the _______.

peak effect

The first antibiotic was ____?

penicillin

An enzyme, produced by some bacteria, breaks down part of the chemical structure of penicillin, making the drug ineffective. This enzyme is called _____? a. Bacterase b. Penicillinase c. Amylase d. Cellulase

penicillinase

Hormones made of short chains of amino acids are called ____________ hormones. a. Peptide b. Amine c. Antidiuretic d. Protein

peptide

Abbreviation for: by means of, by

per

The study of drugs and their actions is ________.

pharmacodynamics

Oxytocin is available under which trade name? a. Pitocin b. Vasopressin c. Pitressin d. Celestone

pitocin

Which one of the following medications may be injected directly into the uterine muscle after a cesarean section? a. Pitocin b. Pitressin c. Prednisone d. Penicillin

pitocin

Which one of the following medications contains ADH and Oxytocin in a ratio of 20:1? a. Pitocin b. Pitressin c. Celestone d. Syntocinon

pitressin

Which one of the following medications is given to stabilize fluid balance in patients with diabetes insipidus? a. Pitressin b. Celestone c. Pitocin d. Syntocinon

pitressin

Adenohypophysis is associated with which one of the following glands? a. Pituitary b. Adrenal c. Parathyroid d. Testes

pituitary

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is produced by which gland? a. Adrenal b. Parathyroid c. Thyroid d. Pituitary

pituitary

Which one of the following glands is called the master gland? a. Pituitary b. Adrenal c. Pancreas d. Parathyroid

pituitary

Which electrolyte may be seriously depleted in patients taking certain diuretics? a. Sodium (Na+) b. Chloride (Cl) c. Calcium (Ca) d. Potassium (K+)

potassium

Pharmacogenetics is defined as the study of genetic facts to _______.

predict a medication's action

All of the following are working theories for the development of resistant pathogens except: a. Prescribing limited-spectrum antibiotics b. Prescribing antibiotics for viral infection c. Frequent exposure of normal host bacteria to antibiotics d. Patient noncompliance with physician's orders

prescribing limited spectrum antibiotics

The Durham-Humphrey amendment of 1952 discussed which of the following? a. Prescriptive and OTC drugs b. Labeling c. Standards for quality d. Animal testing

prescriptive and otc drugs

Prophylactic antibiotics are prescribed to ______? a. Treat surgical site infections (SSI) b. Prevent infections c. Identify pathogens d. Produce chemicals in the body

prevent infections

The pituitary gland has a role in all of the following body functions except _____? a. Reproduction b. Regulation of renal system c. Production of insulin d. Regulation of thyroid gland

production of insulin

Because they lack fully developed nuclei, bacteria are classified as _____? a. Permeable b. Eukaryotic c. Pathogenic d. Prokaryotic

prokaryotic

How is an order for a drug to be taken every 4 hours indicated on a prescription?

q4h

Which of these is not one of the "five rights" but is crucial in medication administration?

right documentation

Before medications are delivered into the sterile field, they must be identified by _____.

scrub person or circulator

Contrast media are characteristically ____? a. Rejected by abnormal cells b. Injected into the integumentary system c. Applied topically d. Sensitive to light

sensitive to light

Lymphazurin 1% is used in which of the following procedures? a. Cholecystectomy b. Hysterectomy c. Tubal dye study d. Sentinel node biopsy

sentinel node biposy

An expected but unidentified effect of a drug is termed a(n) _____ effect

side

Abbreviation for: label

sig

Diuretics cause the elimination of excess fluid by preventing the reabsorption of which one of the following elements? a. sodium b. chloride c. potassium d. calcium

sodium

A drug's ______ refers to its ability to be dissolved.

solubility

Abbreviation for: once, if necessary

sos

Among the most common causative agents of SSI are bacteria known as _____? a. Bacillus subtillis b. Streptococcus pneumoniae c. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus aureus

staphylococcus aureus

Abbreviation for: Immediately

stat

Who or what establishes the surgical technologist's role in medication handling? a. The Joint Commission b. Physician c. Circulator d. State practice acts

state practice acts

A new infection that appears during the course of treatment for a primary infection is know as a/an _____? a. Secondary infection b. Sepsis c. Superinfection d. Necrosis

superinfection

If a blood clot is formed in an artery, which course of treatment is most likely? a. medical b. sugical

surgical

What medication category is vitamin K (konakion) in?

systemic coagulant

Endogenous infection occurs from ____? a. Outside the patient's body b. The patient's own bacteria c. A tear in the surgeon's glove d. Contaminated surgical supplies

the patient's own bacteria

An anticoagulant drug is classified by its _____.

therapeutic action

Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) is which type of diuretic medication? a. Potassium-sparing b. Thiazide c. Osmotic d. Carbonic anydrase inhibitor

thiazide

What medication category is Alteplase (Activase) in?

thrombolytic

Natural thyroid hormones that are extracted from pig thyroid glands are made available under what trade name? a. Thyroid USP b. Cytomel c. Levothyroid d. Thyrolar

thyroid USP

Why should the scrubbed surgical technologist repeat the medication label information aloud? a. To ensure that he or she can read b. So that he or she can be heard c. To confirm the correct drug d. So that the surgical team will know

to confirm the correct drug

Define contamination

transmission of microorganisms to a sterile field or item

Calcium and vitamin K play vital roles in the process of clot formation. a. true b. false

true

Define reconstitute

turing a solid medication into a liquid by adding water or saline

What is the abbreviation for an ointment for of a given drug?

ung

A recapped bottle of sterile saline is considered _____?

unsterile

When recapping a needle you should ______.

use the onehanded method

What is the generic name for Pitressin? a. Oxytocin b. Pitocin c. Vasopressin d. Syntocinon

vasopressin

A medical plan of treatment for thrombosis usually indicates that a clot has formed in a(n): a. Vein b. Artery

vein

The therapeutic action of a medication refers to ______. a. What the drug does in the body b. What the drug does for the patient c. What the drug effects d. What the drug is

what the drug does for the patient

Define asepsis

without infection

Which one of the following anesthetic agents may be used for a retrobulbar block? a. 5% Ophthaine b. 1% lidocaine with Vitrase c. 4% cocaine d. 0.5% Pontocaine

1% lidocaine with Vitrase

1/2 x 1/6 = _____

1/12

1/12 + 5/12 = ____

1/2

50° F = _____° C

10

7.05 + 3.221 = ______

10.271

For an infant surgical procedure, the operating room temperature must be warm. Your surgeon wants to know the current temperature in Fahrenheit, but you know the temperature is 38 degrees Celsius. What is the Fahrenheit temperature? a. 100.4 b. 33.2 c. 32 d. 98.6

100.4

16 5/6 - 5 2/5= ____

11 13/30

What is 25% of 50?

12.5

50° C = _____° F.

122

Heparin is available in vials of solutions in each of the following concentrations (in units/ml) to be used at the sterile field except: a. 150 b. 1000 c. 5000 d. 10,000

150

What is 5:15 pm in military time?

1715

Which concentration of epinephrine is for topical use only? a. 1:1000 b. 1:100,000 c. 1:200,000 d. 1:500,000

1:1000

2/3 ÷ 1/3 = ____

2

6.6 - 4.4452 = ______

2.1548

Your surgeon is using a medication that is given according to the surgical patient's weight in kilograms. The patient weighs 6 pounds. How many kilograms is this? a. 0.367 b. 36.7 c. 27.3 d. 2.73

2.73

1/5 × 100 = ___

20

The surgeon's preference card asks for a 1:1:3 solution of polymyxin B sulfate, bacitracin, and saline mixture on the sterile field. What percentage of the solution does each ingredient represent? a. 80%, 10%, 10% b. 20%, 20%, 60% c. 10%, 40%, 50% d. 20%, 30%, 50%

20%, 20%, 60%

0.25% is expressed as a fraction as

25/100

Which of the following hypodermic needles has the smaller lumen? a. 18 guage b. 21 guage c. 25 guage d. 27 guage

27 gauge

3 5/8 written as an improper fraction is ____?

29/8

What is the length of a standard spinal needle?

3 inches

What is the normal range for serum potassium? a. 5 - 5.2 mEq/L b. 12 - 23.3 mEq/L c. 42 - 43.5 mEq/L d. 3.5 - 5 mEq/L

3.5 - 5 mEq/L

Which fraction is in its lowest terms? a. 3/4 b. 10/12 c. 2/2 d. 6/8

3/4

How long before a surgical procedure should the preoperative prophylactic antibiotics be administered? a. 10 minutes b. 30 minutes c. 1 hour d. 2 hours

30 minutes

20 is what percent of 50?

40

What is the onset of heparin (in minutes)? a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20

5

A surgeon requests the use of an embolectomy catheter that has a 3mL balloon. Which of these syringes is the BEST choice for inflating this balloon? a. 1 mL TB syringe b. 5 mL syringe c. 10 cc syringe d. Toomey syringe

5 mL syringe

8 is what percent of 12?

66.6%

In the number 123.45678, which digit is in the ten thousandths place?

7

8.3 × 0.9 = _____

7.47

Which one of the following hormones helps control calcium and phosphate levels in the blood? a. Thyroxine (T4) b. Triiodothyronine (T3) c. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) d. Calcitonin

Calcitonin

Which is not a topical hemostatic? a. Bone wax b. Tannic acid c. Silver nitrate d. Calcium salts

Calcium salts

Which systemic coagulant is contraindicated in patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia? a. Calcium salts b. Vitamin K c. Hemofil- M d. Factor VIII

Calcium salts

Hormones produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands are collectively called: a. Steroids b. Nonsteroids c. Catecholamines d. Vasoconstrictors

Catecholamines

The "fight-or-flight" response to stress is initiated by: a. Catecholamines b. Steroids c. Glucocorticoids d. Mineralocorticoids

Catecholamines

Which one of the following classifications of hormones is sympathomimetic? a. Steroids b. Nonsteroids c. Catecholamines d. Vasoconstrictors

Catecholamines

Testing the temperature of irrigation solution is important, because if too hot, it can a. Disrupt the electrosurgical unit (ESU) b. Fog the endoscopes c. Cause tissue damage d. Rust instrumentation

Cause tissue damage

Drugs that promote clot formation are termed: a. Coagulants b. Anticoagulants c. Hemostatics d. Fibrinolytics

Coagulants

Which vitamin serves a vital role in coagulation? a. K b. D c. A d. C

K

What is 2:05 am in military time?

0205

Seven o'clock in the morning, military time, would be written as ____?

0700

Your surgery supervisor asks you to report to work by seven thirty in the morning. How would this be written in military time?

0730

1 gram of an antibiotic is equal to __________ mL of fluid.

1

What is the effect of cycloplegic drugs? a. Miosis b. Mydriasis c. Proteolysis d. Diuresis

Mydriasis

Which group of ophthalmic drugs dilates the pupil? a. Mydriatics b. Miotics c. Viscoelastic agents d. Dyes

Mydriatics

32° F = _____° C

0

In the decimals 0.0000332 and 0.0000035, which has the larger value?

0.0000332

What is the decimal form of the fraction 1/8?

0.125

One of the most common IV solutions used in the surgical setting is which one of the following? a. Sterile water b. 0.9% Sodium Chloride c. Dextrose d. Dextran

0.9% Sodium Chloride

Which of the following is not one of the four major blood types? a. A b. AB c. B d. ABO e. O

ABO

Human insulin produced through recombinant DNA technology is: a. DiaBeta b. Diabinese c. Tolinase d. Humulin

Humulin

Which one of the following conditions is not a result of hypokalemia? a. Cardiac arrest b. Cardiac dysrhythmias c. Muscle weakness d. Increased intracranial pressure

Increased intracranial pressure

Which one of the following hemostatic agents may be used dry or moist and is available in film, powder, and sponge forms? a. Chemical hemostatics b. Oxidized cellulose c. MCH d. Absorbable gelatin

Absorbable gelatin

Which one of the following ophthalmic anesthetic agents is used only in a topical form? a. Xylocaine b. Marcaine c. Sensorcaine d. Alcaine

Alcaine

Which mineralocorticoid maintains hemostatic levels of sodium in the blood? a. Epinephrine b. Norepinephrine c. Aldosterone d. Deoxycorticosterone

Aldosterone

The largest group of anticancer agents is: a. Alkylating medications b. Antimetabolites c. Mitotic inhibitors d. Hormones

Alkylating medications

Which one of the following drugs dissolves the suspensory ligaments during an intracapsular cataract extraction? a. Wydase b. Alpha-chymotrypsin c. Atropine sulfate d. Healon

Alpha-chymotrypsin

Which group of drugs interferes with the transmission of pain impulses to the brain? a. Cycloplegics b. Viscoelastic agents c. Anesthetic agents d. Anti-inflammatory agents

Anesthetic agents

BSS is an example of which ophthalmic drug category? a. Anesthesia b. Lubricants c. Anti-inflammatory agents d. Irrigating solutions

Irrigating solutions

The pancreatic duct transports all of the following into the duodenum except: a. Insulin b. Amylase c. Lipase d. Proteinase

Insulin

The volume of erythrocytes in a given volume of blood is called which one of the following? a. Hemoglobin b. Hematocrit c. Plasma d. White blood cell count

Hematocrit

Proteins responsible for transporting oxygen to cells are which one of the following? a. Leukocytes b. Platelets c. Antigens d. Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin

Agents that inhibit the process of blood clot formation are called: a. Coagulants b. Anticoagulants c. Hemostatics d. Thrombolytics

Anticoagulants

Which of the following is not a form of absorbable collagen sponge? a. Helistate b. Instat c. Hemopad d. Avitene e. Collastat

Avitene

Which one of the following hemostatic agents causes adhesion formation if it comes in contact with nonbleeding tissues? a. Surgicel b. Avitene c. Gelfoam d. NuKnit

Avitene

Which one of the following is a microfibrillar collagen? a. Oxycel b. Surgicel c. Avitene d. NuKnit

Avitene

If a tumor resembles normal tissue, grows slowly, and does not spread to surrounding tissues, it is considered to be which one of the following? a. Metastatic b. Benign c. Malignant d. Cancerous

Benign

Why is topical application the most common method of administering anesthesia for eye surgery? a. Blood-eye barrier prevents effective absorption of most systemic drugs b. Eye procedures do not require systemic anesthesia c. Eyes do not have deep pain receptors; therefore deep anesthesia is not needed d. Topical anesthesia administered through the conjunctiva remains in the eye for an extended time

Blood-eye barrier prevents effective absorption of most systemic drugs

Which one of the following hemostatic agents creates a mechanical barrier to control bleeding? a. Tannic acid b. Silver nitrate c. Collastat d. Bone wax

Bone wax

Microfibrillar collagen hemostat is derived from: a. Bovine corium collagen b. Purified pork skin c. Purified beeswax d. An astringent plant

Bovine corium collagen

List any five pieces of information found on a medication's label

Brand and generic names Total volume Manufacturer's name Administration route Dosage strength Label Alerts Form (liquid, etc) Expiration date Supply dose

Which of the following is not an example of a blood alternative? a. Hemopure b. Hemostat c. Polyheme d. Hemospan

Hemostat

Which one of the following is a systemic anticoagulant? a. Gelfoam b. Heparin c. Vitamin K d. Avitene

Heparin

Which one of the following is the generic name for Decadron? a. Dexamethasone b. Prednisone c. Triamcinolone acetonide d. Betamethasone

Dexamethasone

Which IV solution increases insulin requirements for the patient with diabetes? a. Sterile water b. Dextrose c. Normal saline d. Ionosol B

Dextrose

Avitene must be applied with a _______ instrument. a. Large b. Wet c. Dry d. Warm

Dry

Another name for donor blood is which one of the following? a. Homologous b. Autologous c. Auto transfusion d. Synthetic

Homologous

The anticancer agents that include androgens are: a. Antineoplastic antibiotics b. Mitotic inhibitors c. Hormones d. Biologic response modifiers

Hormones

Which of the following hormones is used with local anesthetic medications? a. Progesterone b. Provera c. Epinephrine d. Thyroglobulin

Epinephrine

Which of the following hormines is given for palliative treatment of androgen-dependent prostate cancer? a. Testosterone b. Estrogen c. Progesterone d. Calcitonin

Estrogen

Which one of the following hormones is given for palliative treatment of metastatic breast cancer? a. Testosterone b. Estrogen c. Progesterone d. Androgen

Estrogen

Which one of the following is an ovarian hormone? a. Cortisone b. Estrogen c. Testosterone d. Tyroxine

Estrogen

Which government agency regulated the pharmaceutical industry?

FDA

During the third stage of blood clot formation, ________________ is formed. a. Thromboplastin b. Prothrombin c. Thrombin d. Fibrin

Fibrin

Which one of the following is a natural clot- dissolving enzyme in the blood? a. Fibrin b. Fibrinogen c. Fibrinolysin d. Fibrin stabilizing factor

Fibrinolysin

The exocrine pancreas is the primary source for all of the following digestive enzymes except: a. Glucagon b. Amylase c. Lipase d. Proteinase

Glucagon

Which one of the following pancreatic hormones stimulates the liver to break down glycogen into glucose to increase the blood sugar level? a. Proteinase b. Glucagon c. Amylase d. Insulin

Glucagon

Which group of hormones is used to reduce the postoperative inflammatory response? a. Catecholamines b. Glucocorticoids c. Mineralocorticoids d. Nonsteroids

Glucocorticoids

Which one of the following hormones is not a catecholamine? a. Epinephrine b. Norepinephrine c. Adrenalin d. Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoids

Abbreviation for: keep vein open, to keep open

KVO, TKO

Which one of the following drugs is given postoperatively to reduce inflammation? a. Dexamethasone b. Fluribiprofen 0.03% c. Ketorolac 0.5% d. Prednisolone

Ketorolac 0.5%

Abbreviation for: liter

L

The trade, or brand name, for Furosemide is: a. Mannitol b. Osmitrol c. Diamox d. Lasix

Lasix

The antineoplastic agent used in ectopic pregnancy is which one of the following? a. Fluorouracil b. Cytoxan c. Methotrexate d. Nitrogen mustard

Methotrexate

Which one of the following is the generic name for Solu-Medrol? a. Dexamethasone b. Methylprednisolone c. Triamcinolone acetonide d. Betamethasone

Methylprednisolone

Which one of the following is not a viscoelastic agent? a. Healon b. Miochol c. Viscoat d. Occucoat

Miochol

Which one of the following medications should be reconstituted immediately before use? a. Miochol-E b. Miostat c. Pilocar d. IsotoCarpine

Miochol-E

Which one of the following drugs is not a topical miotic? a. Miostat b. Pilocar c. IsoptoCarpine d. IsoptoCarbachol

Miostat

Blurred vision; abdominal cramps and diarrhea; and eye, eyebrow, and eyelid pain are side effects of which one of the following groups of ophthalmic drugs? a. Anesthetic agents b. Miotics c. Viscoelastic agents d. Cycloplegics

Miotics

Drugs that constrict the pupil by stimulating the iris muscle are called: a. Viscoelastic agents b. Miotics c. Mydriatics d. Cycloplegics

Miotics

Which group of ophthalmic drugs is used in the short-term treatment of glaucoma? a. Lubricants b. Miotics c. Mydriatics d. Cycloplegics

Miotics

an order for a drug to be given as needed is called an _______ order

PRN

Drugs that relieve symptoms of a condition but do not cure it are: a. Palliative b. Recombinant c. Androgen d. Asymptomatic

Palliative

What blood product is given when clotting factors are required? a. Whole blood b. Packed cells c. Plasma d. Erythrocytes

Plasma

Major electrolytes found in body fluids are sodium, chloride, calcium, and: a. Glucose b. Potassium c. Creatinine d. Urea

Potassium

Ophthalmic lubricants are generally used to: a. Prevent corneal abrasions while the patient is under general anesthesia b. Keep the cornea moist during eye surgery c. Decrease tissue irritation as suture material moves through tissue layers d. Enhance the effect of topical anesthesia

Prevent corneal abrasions while the patient is under general anesthesia

Which one of the following is not a function of hormones? a. Regulation of internal chemical balance and volume b. Response to environmental changes c. Production of histamine (H2) receptor antagonists to bind to target cells d. Reproduction

Production of histamine receptor antagonists to bind to target cells

Epinephrine is combined with local anesthetics to: a. Prolong the effects of local anesthesia b. Inhibit the postoperative inflammatory response c. Induce amnesia d. Prevent blood clot formation

Prolong the effects of local anesthesia

Which one of the following drugs is used to reverse the effect of heparin? a. Enoxaparin sodium b. Lovenox c. Calcium chloride d. Protamine sulfate

Protamine sulfate

An antimicrobial agent used to inhibit bacterial growth is called _____?

bacteriostatic

Bacteria classified as eukaryotes can be defined as ____? a. Having an early or pre nucleus b. Having smaller ribosomes than prokaryotes c. Being found in multicellular organisms d. Having a plasma membrane, whereas prokaryotes do not

being found in multicellular organisms

Which one of the following types of diuretic medications is prescribed in the treatment of glaucoma? a. Thiazide b. Potassium-sparing c. Carbonic anydrase inhibitor d. High-ceiling (loop)

carbonic anydrase inhibitor

Abbreviation for cubic centimeter

cc

Which one of the following major groups of antibiotics is classified into five generations on the basis of the spectrum of its activity? a. Cephalosporins b. Macrolides c. Tetracyclines d. Penicillins

cephalosporins

What medication category is monsel solution in?

chemical hemostatic

Steroidal hormones are derived from ____? a. Cholesterol b. Amino acids c. Proteins d. Glucose

cholesterol

Which member of the surgical team must document the medications that are used at the surgical field?

circulator

The scrub person may receive medications into the sterile field in all of the following ways except _____? a. Circulator places the bottle on the corner of the back table. b. Circulator pours the medication into a sterile container. c. Scrub person draws up the medication from the bottle held by the circulator. d. All of the above are correct.

circulator places the bottle on the corner of the back table

The distribution of drugs within the body is carried out through which one of the following body systems? a. Respiratory b. Circulatory c. Integumentary d. Urinary

circulatory

Abbreviation for: centemeter

cm