Philosophy 1C: Moral Judgement

On Stevenson's view, what is the connection between disagreements in belief and disagreements in attitude?

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How does Foot characterize "moral virtue"?

1. The recognition of particular considerations as reasons for acting. 2. The relevant action

According to Stevenson, the belief that science can always settle arguments about value is what?

A useful heuristic maxim

A noncognivitist claims that one's reasons are dependent on what? Feelings? Passions? Desires?

All of the above

According to Foot, recognition of a reason for action is based on what? Desires? Facts? Feelings?

Based on facts and concepts

What does Stevenson say about how disagreements in attitude determine which beliefs are relevant to an ethical argument?

Disagreement in attitude determines what beliefs are relevant to an ethical argument

Stevenson cites two men's conflict over where to have dinner as an example of which kind of disagreement?

Disagreement in attitudes

If I am confident that Candidate O will become the next president, and you suspect it will be Candidate M, which type of disagreement do we have?

Disagreement in belief

According to Stevenson, which kind of disagreement does ethical conflict usually involve?

Disagreement in belief and attitude

For Foot, what is the connection between moral goodness and practical rationality?

Evaluation of human action depends also on essential features specifically human life

T/F: Ethical arguments usually involve disagreement predominately in belief.

False

T/F: If all our beliefs are in agreement, would we all end up agreeing in attitude as well, according to Stevenson?

False

Stevenson distinguishes between two kinds of disagreement. What are those two kinds?

Opposition of beliefs and attitude

Foot argues that moral judgments are made on the basis of what? (Hint: reason or pro-attitudes?)

Reason

What is involved in possessing a virtue, according to Foot?

Recognize certain considerations as powerful reasons for acting

The example of someone who throws away his supply of cigarettes demonstrates what?

That concern for one's future may constitute a reason for an action

What does Foot claim about the relation between "facts" and "values"?

The grounding of a moral argument is ultimately in facts about human life

Stevenson claims that disagreements in belief can be resolved by what?

The methods of science

Foot and noncognativists disagree primarily on what?

Whether having a reason to act depends ultimately on feelings

According to Foot, can claims that that human sight, hearing, memory and other capacities be evaluated objectively? Factually?

Yes

That science will eventually solve all moral disagreements, Stevenson claims, is what?

guaranteed by inductive reasoning