Philosophy Ch. 4
Cosmology is the branch of metaphysics that studies the effects of a cosmopolitan life style in contrast to an agrarian one.
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George Berkeley was an advocate of metaphysical materialism, since he believed that "to be is to be perceived."
False
In philosophy the term reality is a univocal term and has just one meaning attached to it.
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Metaphysical idealism is the theory that holds all of reality needs to conform to specific moral ideals to achieve its perfection.
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Metaphysics is the area of philosophy that deals with good and bad action.
False
The philosophical "problem of equivocation" has to do with the lack of equality among philosophers, which results in a philosophical bias.
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Traditional metaphysics was more concerned with mythology and less concerned with reality.
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Unlike other areas of philosophy metaphysics has no sub-divisions since it studies the whole of being.
False
Existentialism, a philosophical movement or tendency, emphasizing individual existence, freedom and choice, that influenced many diverse writers in the 19th and 20th centuries.
True
For the post modernists there can be no single reality or privileged view of reality or even concept of what reality is for there is no single objective or truthful way in which to verify any claims about a singular phenomenon to be called "reality."
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George Berkeley asserts that all physical things in this world are ideas of the Divine and specifies this concept as esse est percipi, Latin for "to be is to be perceived."
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George Berkeley was an Anglican bishop from Scotland who challenged the irrationality of the notion that matter exists autonomously outside the mind as Locke and other contemporaneous empiricists speculated.
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Idealism is the metaphysical view that associates reality to ideas in the mind rather than to material objects.
True
In Philosophy the problem of equivocation has to do with there being more than one meaning of a word when it is used in a philosophical argument.
True
Individuals often times use the term reality when expressing their beliefs about reality.
True
Metaphysical materialism is the position that matter alone exists.
True
Naturalism is the Metaphysical position that does not accept as real anything that is beyond nature.
True
One meaning of reality is the sum total of all that is real.
True
Popular metaphysics refers to the majority metaphysical view of any defined society.
True
Problematic idealism is the belief held by Descartes stating we can only hold one empirical truth, which is that I exist.
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Skeptic Idealism starts with the thought that there is no proof that there are material objects outside of thought.
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Some questions that are considered in the study of Metaphysics are: What is meant by reality? What does it mean to be real? Is there a reality?
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The term metaphysics originally referred to the writings of Aristotle that came after his writings on physics, in the arrangement made by Andronicus of Rhodes about three centuries after Aristotle's death.
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To call one a metaphysician in this traditional, philosophical sense indicates nothing more than his or her interest in attempting to discover what underlies everything.
True
Traditionally, metaphysics refers to the branch of philosophy that attempts to understand the fundamental nature of all reality, whether visible or invisible. It seeks a description so basic, so essentially simple, so all-inclusive that it applies to everything, whether divine or human or anything else. It attempts to tell what anything must be like in order to be at all.
True