Philosophy Quiz #7- 5.0, 5.1

The argument from experience

1. All facial knowledge comes from the senses 2. We do not have sensory experience of morality -Therefore Moral beliefs are not factual

The Personal Differences Argument

1. Different people have different ethical beliefs 2. There is currently no means of determining whom is correct -Therefore. Ethical clams are reports of matters of opinion

the cultural differences argument

1. different cultures have different cultural beliefs -therefore moral claims are reports of cultural features

subjective ethics relativism

The doctrine that what is morally right or wrong is solely a matter of each individual's personal opinion.

cultural relativism

an ethical theory which entails that moral claims are reports of cultural features

virtue ethics

any theory that sees the primary focus of ethics to be the character of the person rather than the person's actions or duties

natural law theory (Thomas aquinas)

god rigged the world to function a certain way to be good

feminist ethics

the attempt to correct male biases in traditional ethical theory by emphasizing relationships over abstract principles and compassion over analytical reason

absolutism

the claim that not only are moral principles objective but also they cannot be overridden and there cannot be any exceptions to them

conventional ethical relativism

the claim that what is really right or wrong is relative to each particular society; also called ethical conventionalism

Divine Command Theory

the moral rightness or wrongness of an act is intrinsically related to the fact that God either commands it or forbids it.

ethical relativism

the position that there are no objective or universally valid moral principles, because all moral judgements are simply a matter of human opinion

ethical egoism

the theory that people ought always to do only what is in their own self-interest

utilitarianism

the theory that the right action is the one that produces the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people

Kantian ethics

the theory that we have absolute moral duties that are determined by reason and that are not affected by the consequences

ethical objectivism

the view that there are universal and objectively valid moral principles that are relative neither to the individual nor society